The Doctrine of Atonement According to Peter Abelard
The Doctrine of Atonement According to Peter Abelard

Author: Denis Kaiser

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2009-07

Total Pages: 77

ISBN-13: 3640356918

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Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject History Europe - Other Countries - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, grade: A, University of St Andrews, course: The Church in the Middle Ages (CHIS 609), language: English, abstract: The twentieth century has witnessed the spread of the so called moral influence theory among Christian believers. Modern promoters of this theory refer to Peter Abelard's doctrine of the atonement to support their view that Jesus' incarnation and death played only an exemplary role rather than a substitutionary one. However, several scholars hold the view that this eleventh century philosopher, theologian, and scholar did not deny the substitutionary part of Christ's death. Yet, other theologians share the view of the modern proponents of the moral influence theory in regard to Abelard's atonement theology but criticize it as wrong. Purpose of the Research This study analyzes the writings of Peter Abelard with a special focus on the Commentaria in Epistolam Pauli ad Romanos in order to give a comprehensive view of his atonement theology and the factors that may have influenced it. Methodology First, I want to give a sketch of Abelard's life and a list of his works in a probable chronological order. Both the biography and bibliography, in drawing a picture of his personality, behavior, actions, writings, and teachings, will help to provide insight into Abelard's character, and eventually give reasons for the inevitability of misunderstandings. Second, a survey through the theology of atonement of the preceding centuries, beginning with the Bible and the church fathers, and concluding with Abelard's contemporary theologians will show similarities and differences between Abelard's view and the teachings of his predecessors and contemporaries. Third, Abelard's writings on atonement are examined with a special attention to his commentary on Romans. Further, I will observe connections to other theological topics, and how they possibly influenced

Christendom and Christianity in the Middle Ages
Christendom and Christianity in the Middle Ages

Author: Adriaan Bredero

Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 9780802849922

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This is a print on demand book and is therefore non- returnable. Though buffeted on all sides by rapid and at times cataclysmic social, political, and economic change, the medieval church was able to make adjustments that kept it from becoming simply a fossil from the past rather than an enduring institution of salvation. The dynamic interaction between the medieval church and society gives form to this compelling and well-informed study by Adriaan Bredero. By considering medieval Christianity in full relation to its historical context, Bredero elucidates complex medieval realities -- many of which run counter to common modern notions about the Middle Ages. Bredero moves beyond the usual treatment of history by framing his overall discussion in terms of a fascinating and relevant question: To what extent is Christianity today still molded by medieval society? The book begins with an overview of religion and the church in medieval society, from the early Christianization of Western Europe through the fifteenth century. Bredero counters earlier romanticized assessments of the Middle Ages as a thoroughly Christian period by arriving at a definition of Christendom, not in its original sense as the empire of Charlemagne, but rather as "the countries, people, and matters which stood under the influence of Christ."

Rhetoric and the Writing of History, 400–1500
Rhetoric and the Writing of History, 400–1500

Author: Matthew Kempshall

Publisher: Manchester University Press

Published: 2011-08-31

Total Pages: 561

ISBN-13: 1847798977

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This book provides an analytical overview of the vast range of historiography which was produced in western Europe over a thousand-year period between c.400 and c.1500. Concentrating on the general principles of classical rhetoric central to the language of this writing, alongside the more familiar traditions of ancient history, biblical exegesis and patristic theology, this survey introduces the conceptual sophistication and semantic rigour with which medieval authors could approach their narratives of past and present events, and the diversity of ends to which this history could then be put. By providing a close reading of some of the historians who put these linguistic principles and strategies into practice (from Augustine and Orosius through Otto of Freising and William of Malmesbury to Machiavelli and Guicciardini), it traces and questions some of the key methodological changes that characterise the function and purpose of the western historiographical tradition in this formative period of its development.

History of Psychology
History of Psychology

Author: D. Brett King

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-07-14

Total Pages: 1086

ISBN-13: 1317350596

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A History of Psychology: Ideas & Context, 5/e, traces psychological thought from antiquity through early 21st century advances, giving students a thorough look into psychology’s origins and development. This title provides in-depth coverage of intellectual trends, major systems of thought, and key developments in basic and applied psychology.