The Socio-Cultural, Ethnic and Historic Foundations of Kenya’s Electoral Violence
The Socio-Cultural, Ethnic and Historic Foundations of Kenya’s Electoral Violence

Author: Stephen M. Magu

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-02-02

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 1351142429

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Kenya’s 2007 General Election results announcement precipitated the worst ethnic conflict in the country’s history; 1,133 people were killed, while 600,000 were internally displaced. Within 2 months, the incumbent and the challenger had agreed to a power-sharing agreement and a Government of National Unity. This book investigates the role of socio-cultural origins of ethnic conflict during electoral periods in Kenya beginning with the multi-party era of democratization and the first multi-party elections of 1992, illustrating how ethnic groups construct their interests and cooperate (or fail to) based on shared traits. The author demonstrates that socio-cultural traditions have led to the collaboration (and frequent conflict) between the Kikuyu and Kalenjin that has dominated power and politics in independent Kenya. The author goes onto evaluate the possibility of peace for future elections. This book will be of interest to scholars of African democracy, Kenyan history and politics, and ethnic conflict.

The Socio-cultural, Ethnic and Historic Foundations of Kenya's Electoral Violence
The Socio-cultural, Ethnic and Historic Foundations of Kenya's Electoral Violence

Author: Stephen M. Magu

Publisher:

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780815350651

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This book investigates the origins of ethnic conflict during electoral periods in Kenya beginning with the multi-party era of democratization. The author demonstrates that socio-cultural traditions have led to the collaboration (and frequent conflict) between the Kikuyu and Kalenjin that has dominated power and politics in independent Kenya.

Museums for Peace
Museums for Peace

Author: Joyce Apsel

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-12-22

Total Pages: 247

ISBN-13: 1003818137

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Museums for Peace: In Search of History, Memory and Change highlights the inspiring as well as conflicting representations and purposes of diverse museums for peace around the world. Coming from various cultural and professional backgrounds, the authors explore “what are museums for peace and what do they mean?” Some chapters introduce alternative histories of peace, conflict, and memorialization. This innovative collection examines grassroots museums, military sexual slavery, historical memory in East Asia, and cultural heritage in the Africanized peace museum movement. The chapters discuss differing representations of Gandhi, technology of war and opposition to it, and structural violence such as racial terror and imperialism. Investigating how institutions interact with political and cultural forces, the volume demonstrates that some museums reinforce hegemonic narratives, while others resist authoritative tropes to reveal silenced histories, including peace histories. Museums for Peace will appeal to academics and students in museum studies, heritage studies, peace studies, memory studies, social justice, and human rights. Those working in cultural studies and trauma studies will also find this volume valuable.

Constitutionalism and the Economy in Africa
Constitutionalism and the Economy in Africa

Author: Charles M. Fombad

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2023-02-03

Total Pages: 465

ISBN-13: 0192886436

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Despite expectations that the celebrated second wave of constitutional democracy in the 1990s would facilitate economic development, Africa remains the continent with the highest level of poverty in the world. The fight against poverty hinges on a vibrant economy that creates jobs and income by generating enough revenue to enable the state to take pro-development measures. However, instead of the economic benefits that were supposed to accrue from the constitutional reforms of the last three decades (including entrenching a market economy), African economies remain weak, a situation that has been aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. By focusing on the relationship between constitutionalism and economic growth in Africa, this volume addresses five questions: (1) In the constitutional reforms of the 1990s and thereafter, did constitutions also reflect the shift towards a market economy, and if so, in what manner? (2) Given that agriculture and extractive industries are the main sources of state revenue in many African economies, how are matters of land and other natural resources dealt with constitutionally? (3) Where the market economy is captured in a constitution, what is the state's relationship to that economy: interventionist or laissez-faire, or somewhere in between? Have constitutions also established a 'social' state that provides its citizens with the basic elements of a dignified life? (4) In the process of constitution-making and implementation concerning the economy, what impact has globalization had on constitutionalism and economic growth in Africa? (5) Finally, how has the relationship between constitutionalism and economic growth played out in practice? Is there a symbiotic relationship? Has constitutionalism led (or may do so) to greater economic prosperity? Constitutionalism and the Economy in Africa offers a range of comprehensive arguments and case studies that will be of interest and use to academics, post-graduate students, judges, lawyers, economists, and policy makers involved in the economic role of the State, the impact of globalization, and the constitutional foundations for land and natural resources exploitation.

Explaining Foreign Policy in Post-Colonial Africa
Explaining Foreign Policy in Post-Colonial Africa

Author: Stephen M. Magu

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-02

Total Pages: 359

ISBN-13: 3030629309

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This book explores foreign policy developments in post-colonial Africa. A continental foreign policy is a tenuous proposition, yet new African states emerged out of armed resistance and advocacy from regional allies such as the Bandung Conference and the League of Arab States. Ghana was the first Sub-Saharan African country to gain independence in 1957. Fourteen more countries gained independence in 1960 alone, and by May 1963, when the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) was formed, 30 countries were independent. An early OAU committee was the African Liberation Committee (ALC), tasked to work in the Frontline States (FLS) to support independence in Southern Africa. Pan-Africanists, in alliance with Brazzaville, Casablanca and Monrovia groups, approached continental unity differently, and regionalism continued to be a major feature. Africa’s challenges were often magnified by the capitalist-democratic versus communist-socialist bloc rivalry, but through Africa’s use and leveraging of IGOs – the UN, UNDP, UNECA, GATT, NIEO and others – to advance development, the formation of the African Economic Community, OAU’s evolution into the AU and other alliances belied collective actions, even as Africa implemented decisions that required cooperation: uti possidetis (maintaining colonial borders), containing secession, intra- and inter-state conflicts, rebellions and building RECs and a united Africa as envisioned by Pan Africanists worked better collectively.

African Philosophy and the Epistemic Marginalization of Women
African Philosophy and the Epistemic Marginalization of Women

Author: Jonathan Chimakonam

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-04-20

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 1351120085

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This book examines the underexplored notion of epistemic marginalization of women in the African intellectual place. Women's issues are still very much neglected by governments, corporate bodies and academics in sub-Saharan Africa. The entrenched traditional world-views which privilege men over women make it difficult for the modern day challenges posed by the neglect of the feminine epistemic perspective, to become obvious. Contributors address these issues from both theoretical and practical perspectives, demonstrating what philosophy could do to ameliorate the epistemic marginalization of women, as well as ways in which African philosphy exacerbates this marginalization. Philosophy is supposed to teach us how to lead the good life in all its ramifications; why is it failing in this duty in Africa where the issue of women’s epistemic vision is concerned? The chapters raise feminist agitations to a new level; beginning from the regular campaigns for various women’s rights and reaching a climax in an epistemic struggle in which the knowledge-controlling power to create, acquire, evaluate, regulate and disseminate is proposed as the last frontier of feminism.

Identity, Spirit and Freedom in the Atlantic World
Identity, Spirit and Freedom in the Atlantic World

Author: Robert Hanserd

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-06-12

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 1351591770

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This book applies oral, archival and other interdisciplinary evidence from West Africa and the Americas to analyses of new world Maroons, slaves and free blacks, examining a "Gold Coast" entrepot of Akan, Ga, Guan and other peoples in an Atlantic era of non-linear, mutable intersection of contested history and culture. Combining extant evidence with newer interdisciplinary insights to reconsider under-recognized histories and actors, Identity, Spirit and Freedom in the Atlantic World explores West African cosmologies, regional statecraft and socio-cultural practice, and the way they contributed to Atlantic ideas of freedom, identity and spirituality. Archival researches of British, Dutch and Danish Atlantic thoroughfares bring to light histories of royals, priests and others remade as captive laborers, Maroons and free blacks. Looking at Akwamu’s overtaking of Great Accra, Jamaica’s Maroon Wars, the 1712 Rebellion in New York and many other examples, this book explores the evolution of identity and spirituality in the diaspora of the Gold Coast and the Atlantic world. Identity, Spirit and Freedom in the Atlantic World will be of interest to scholars and students of African studies, the African diaspora, cultural studies and Atlantic and American history.

Misrepresenting Black Africa in U.S. Museums
Misrepresenting Black Africa in U.S. Museums

Author: P.A. Mullins

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-12-09

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 0429514530

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This book is an examination of race, Black African objects, identity, museums at the turn of the 19th century in the U.S. via the history of the earliest collectors of Black African objects in the U.S.. Misrepresenting Black Africa in American Museums explores black identity as a changing, nuanced concept. Focusing on racial history in the United States, this book examines two of the earliest collectors of Black African objects in the United States. First, there is a history of race and ideas of primitiveness is presented. Next, there is a discussion of western concepts of race. Then there is an examination of Karl Steckelmann, the first collector who is a united states citizen. After which there is a critical account of William H. Sheppard, the second collector who is also a black Presbyterian Minister from Virginia. Then a broader discussion of public appearances of Black African images in public. This is followed by a detailed look at museum formation and practices. Next, there is a theoretical discussion of identity and race, and finally, a look at the impact of historical practices that continue into the 21st century. This book will be of interest to scholars of race and racism, African visual culture, heritage and museum studies.

African Philosophical Currents
African Philosophical Currents

Author: John Murungi

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-04-17

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 135123739X

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The history of the human world has reached a stage where no philosophical community can any longer philosophize in isolation from other philosophical communities. The African philosophical community is not an exception and neither is any other philosophical community. There is a widespread notion in the West that philosophy originated in Greece and found its way throughout Europe, from where it migrated to Africa. This book argues that Philosophy did not migrate to African from anywhere but that it is radically native to all communities. The chapters cover the erasure of African philosophy, African philosophical departures, the threat that Christianity has posed to African philosophy, African legal philosophy, African musical aesthetics and connections with classical philosophy. Arguing that the landscape of philosophy has a place not only for Africans but also for all human beings and that African philosophers are among the architects of this landscape, this book is an important read for scholars and students of African philosophy.

Mohammed VI's Strategies for Moroccan Economic Development
Mohammed VI's Strategies for Moroccan Economic Development

Author: Eve Sandberg

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-08-01

Total Pages: 127

ISBN-13: 1351065963

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This book analyzes the economic development choices initiated by Morocco’s King Mohammed VI since he ascended the throne in 1999 and situates those choices in the political economy development literature. Examining the policies enacted by the King, the authors argue that over the past twenty years Mohammed VI has achieved some outstanding successes in modernizing the foundational economic sectors of Morocco, but the benefits of this development have not reached all Moroccans. With its focus on economic development, this book explores the way in which Mohammed VI’s development strategies have, in part, resembled the neoliberal model advocated by Western powers and institutions, as well as how the King also adopted some of the European practices of state intervention found in the "varieties of capitalism" models across Europe. Additionally, Mohammed VI’s Strategies for Moroccan Economic Development looks at the way in which the King has sought to utilize "leap frog" technologies so that Morocco has become a leader in certain productive sectors and is not just catching up to rival producers. The book also examines the extent to which Moroccan citizens have benefited from the economic transformations, arguing that not all Moroccans have benefited; many Moroccan citizens in 2019 echo the same economic concerns that were voiced in 1999 when King Mohammed VI first assumed the throne. With its focus on economic development, this book will be of interest not only to scholars and students of Middle East and North African Studies, but also Economics, International Development, and Politics.