The Role of Special and Differential Treatment for Developing Countries in GATT and the World Trade Organization
The Role of Special and Differential Treatment for Developing Countries in GATT and the World Trade Organization

Author: Constantine Michalopoulos

Publisher:

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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Weaknesses in the institutional capacity of many developing countries provide a rationale for continuing special and differential treatment under the World Trade Organization (WTO), but the benefits should be targeted only to low-income developing countries and those that need help becoming integrated with the international trading system. An effective system of graduation should be put in place for higher-income developing countries.

The Development Dimension
The Development Dimension

Author: James Bacchus

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-02-24

Total Pages: 98

ISBN-13: 1000385981

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This book critically analyses the World Trade Organization’s approach to "special and differential treatment" (SDT) to argue that it is founded on seeking exemptions from WTO obligations, instead of creating an enabling environment for developing countries to integrate fully into the multilateral trading system. Through six key sections: United States Proposal on Special and Differential Treatment Responses to United States Proposal The Evolution of Differential Treatment Failure of the Current Approach to Differential Treatment Complications Created by China’s Emergence in the Global Economy An Alternative Approach to Differential Treatment this book explores how, by adopting a new evidence-based, case-by-case approach to SDT, the development of the poorest countries can best be advanced, while at the same time ensuring that advanced developing countries carry their weight in the organization. It will be of interest to scholars and students of international trade law and political science, as well as trade practitioners such as lawyers, diplomats, and analysts.

Most-favoured-nation Treatment
Most-favoured-nation Treatment

Author: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13:

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The publication contains an explanation of Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment and some of the key issues that arise in its negotiation, particularly the scope and application of MFN treatment to the liberalization and protection of foreign investors in recent treaty practice. The paper provides policy options as regards the traditional application of MFN treatment and identifies reactions by States to the unexpected broad use of MFN treatment, and provides several drafting options, such as specifying or narrowing down the scope of application of MFN treatment to certain types of activities, clarifying the nature of "treatment" under the IIA, clarifying the comparison that an arbitral tribunal needs to undertake as well as a qualification of the comparison "in like circumstances" or excluding its use in investor-State cases.

Trade Preferences and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries
Trade Preferences and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries

Author: Bernard M. Hoekman

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 47

ISBN-13:

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The issue of SDT has become very topical again, following a period during which it was viewed as an outdated concept for the multilateral trading system. We therefore devote attention as well to a number of recent contributions that discuss (i) whether there is a continued need for SDT, and (ii) how this might be designed from both a development (recipient) objective and from the perspective of the trading system more generally. A major theme of the survey is that most of the issues that are debated today were already being discussed in the 1960s. We conclude that those who questioned the value of unilateral preferences have proven to be prescient.

Special and Differential Treatment Reform in the WTO
Special and Differential Treatment Reform in the WTO

Author: Aniekan Ukpe

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2024-06-28

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 1040045618

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This book proposes a new approach to differentiating between developing countries in the context of special and differential treatment (SDT) in the World Trade Organisation. Offering unique insights into SDT reform in the WTO, the book proposes the method of differentiated differentiation and demonstrates its operationalization using the WTO Customs Valuation Agreement. Through identifying key indicators to categorize constraints faced by developing countries, the book establishes objective criteria to depoliticize access to SDT. Promoting a case-by-case approach, the book also employs a statistics-based score procedure to determine a threshold for graduating countries out of SDT. Through flexible tracking and evidence-based arguments, the book provides a transitional method of reform which maintains full compliance with WTO members’ obligations. The book will be of importance to academics and students of international law, especially those with an interest in international trade law and the WTO, as well as legal professionals and policymakers.

Special and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries in the GATT/WTO: Past, Present, Future
Special and Differential Treatment of Developing Countries in the GATT/WTO: Past, Present, Future

Author: Alex Ansong

Publisher:

Published: 2012-11-29

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13: 9781481024211

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Special and differential treatment of developing countries is one of the main tools that the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organisation (WTO) systems have used in the bid to integrate developing countries better into the international trade system. The adequacy and implications of using special and differential treatment as such a tool for integration is a central theme of enquiry in this book. The book presents an overview of the conceptual basis for granting special and differential treatment to developing countries and the development of the concept in the GATT/WTO. It also presents a critique of the concept of special and differential treatment highlighting, among others, the different views scholars have expressed on the subject. The controversial issue of using certain standards as conditionalities for developing countries to gain preferential access to developed country markets is critiqued with particular emphasis on the EC - Tariff Preferences case.

Guide to the WTO and Developing Countries
Guide to the WTO and Developing Countries

Author: Peter Gallagher

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2000-09-25

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13:

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Developing countries comprise a two-thirds majority of the membership of the World Trade Organization, with nearly thirty of these classed by the UN as being among the 48 least-developed countries in the world. In order to ensure the equitable participation of these countries in the benefits of the global trading system, the GATT Uruguay Round Agreements that created the WTO accorded special and differential treatment to developing countries. This Guide covers these provisions of the WTO Agreements, with detailed information on how developing countries can benefit from special rules governing such areas as: access to developed country markets in all major commodities and services, the dispute settlement process, trade policy review, foreign direct investment, environmental and labour standards, and technical assistance. The Guide also offers the reader case studies on how some developing country members of the WTO (Uganda, India, and CandÔte d'Ivoire) are making progress in working with the obligations and the benefits provided to them by the WTO Agreements.