Persian Letters
Persian Letters

Author: Montesquieu

Publisher: Indoeuropeanpublishing.com

Published: 2023-02-06

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Persian Letters is a satirical work by Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu, recounting the experiences of two Persian noblemen, Usbek and Rica, who are traveling through France. In 1711 Usbek leaves his seraglio in Isfahan to undertake the long journey to France, accompanied by his young friend Rica. He leaves behind five wives (Zachi, Zéphis, Fatmé, Zélis, and Roxane) in the care of a number of black eunuchs, one of whom is the head or first eunuch. During the trip and their long stay in Paris (1712-1720), they comment, in letters exchanged with friends and mullahs, on numerous aspects of Western, Christian society, particularly French politics and mores, ending with a biting satire of the System of John Law. Over time, various disorders surface back in the seraglio, and beginning in 1717 (Letter 139 [147]), the situation there rapidly unravels. Usbek orders his head eunuch to crack down, but his message does not arrive in time and a revolt brings about the death of his wives, including the vengeful suicide of his favorite, Roxane, and, it appears, most of the eunuchs... About the author: Charles-Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (18 January 1689, La Brède, Gironde - 10 February 1755), was a French social commentator and political thinker who lived during the Era of the Enlightenment. He is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers, taken for granted in modern discussions of government and implemented in many constitutions throughout the world. He was largely responsible for the popularization of the terms feudalism and Byzantine Empire. Persian Letters is a satirical work by Montesquieu, recounting the experiences of two Persian noblemen, Usbek and Rica, who are traveling through France.

The Art of the Persian Letters
The Art of the Persian Letters

Author: Randolph Runyon

Publisher: University of Delaware Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 9780874139228

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"Readers of Montesquieu will through this study discover a new Persian Letters, as the exquisite subtlety of its construction is laid bare for the first time. It should find a new appreciation as a work of art, and not merely as a precursor to the author's Of the Spirit of the Laws. The Letters will henceforth be read in the light of similarly composite texts, from Montaigne's Essays to Baudelaire's Fleurs du mal."--Jacket.

Tolerance
Tolerance

Author: Caroline Warman

Publisher: Open Book Publishers

Published: 2016-01-04

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 1783742038

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Inspired by Voltaire’s advice that a text needs to be concise to have real influence, this anthology contains fiery extracts by forty eighteenth-century authors, from the most famous philosophers of the age to those whose brilliant writings are less well-known. These passages are immensely diverse in style and topic, but all have in common a passionate commitment to equality, freedom, and tolerance. Each text resonates powerfully with the issues our world faces today. Tolerance was first published by the Société française d’étude du dix-huitième siècle (the French Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies) in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo assassinations in January 2015 as an act of solidarity and as a response to the surge of interest in Enlightenment values. With the support of the British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, it has now been translated by over 100 students and tutors of French at Oxford University.

Persian Letters
Persian Letters

Author: Charles de Secondat baron de Montesquieu

Publisher: Dissertations-G

Published: 1901

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13:

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Erotic Liberalism
Erotic Liberalism

Author: Diana J. Schaub

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13:

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A treatment of Montesquieu's Persian Letters, which argues that the novel is a philosophic critique of despotism in all its forms: domestic, political and religious. It shows that Montesquieu believed that the Enlightenment failed as a philosophy by not recognising man as an erotic being.

Selected Political Writings
Selected Political Writings

Author: Montesquieu

Publisher: Hackett Publishing

Published: 1990-01-01

Total Pages: 314

ISBN-13: 9780872200906

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Rev. ed. of: The political theory of Montesquieu. 1977.

Iran and a French Empire of Trade, 1700-1808
Iran and a French Empire of Trade, 1700-1808

Author: Junko Thérèse Takeda

Publisher:

Published: 2020-12-31

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 9781789622256

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Iran and a French Empire of Trade examines the understudied topic of Franco-Persian relations in the long eighteenth century to highlight how rising tensions among Eurasian empires and revolutions in the Atlantic world were profoundly intertwined. Conflicts between Persia, Turkey, India and Russia, and European weapons-dealing with these empires occurred against a backdrop of climate change and food insecurities that destabilized markets. Takeda shows how the French state relied on "entrepreneurial imperialism" to extend commercial activities eastwards beyond the Mediterranean during this time, from Louis XIV's reign to Napoleon Bonaparte's First Empire. Organized as a collection of microhistories, her study showcases a colourful set of characters--rogue merchants from Marseille, a gambling house madam, a naturalized Greek-French drogman, and a bi-cultural Genevan-Persian consul, among others--to demonstrate how individuals on the fringes of French society spearheaded projects to foster ties between France and Persia. Considering the Enlightenment as a product of a connected world, Takeda investigates how trans-imperial adventurers, merchants, consuls, and informants negotiated treaties, traded commodities and arms, transferred knowledge, and introduced industrial practices from Asia to Europe. And she shows the surprising ways in which Enlightenment debates about regime changes from the Safavid to Qajar dynasties and Persia's borderland wars shaped French ideas about revolution andpolicies related to empire-building.

Letters of a Peruvian Woman
Letters of a Peruvian Woman

Author: Françoise de Graffigny

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2009-01-08

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 0191622613

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'It has taken me a long time, my dearest Aza, to fathom the cause of that contempt in which women are held in this country ...' Zilia, an Inca Virgin of the Sun, is captured by the Spanish conquistadores and brutally separated from her lover, Aza. She is rescued and taken to France by Déterville, a nobleman, who is soon captivated by her. One of the most popular novels of the eighteenth century, the Letters of a Peruvian Woman recounts Zilia's feelings on her separation from both her lover and her culture, and her experience of a new and alien society. Françoise de Graffigny's bold and innovative novel clearly appealed to the contemporary taste for the exotic and the timeless appetite for love stories. But by fusing sentimental fiction and social commentary, she also created a new kind of heroine, defined by her intellect as much as her feelings. The novel's controversial ending calls into question traditional assumptions about the role of women both in fiction and society, and about what constitutes 'civilization'. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

Persian Letters
Persian Letters

Author: Montesquieu

Publisher: Hackett Publishing

Published: 2014-09-03

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 1624661823

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A classic work of the European Enlightenment--and one of the most popular, if scandalous, in its day--the Persian Letters captures, in an engaging epistolary format, the transformational spirit of the era. Amid an ongoing tale rife with sex, violence, and wit, the work addresses a diverse range of topics from human nature and the origins of society, to the nature and role of religious belief, the role of women, statecraft, justice, morality, and human identity. With skill and artistry, Raymond MacKenzie’s stunning new translation accurately reflects the mood and character of the work. In his richly conceived Introduction, MacKenzie seamlessly weaves together an overview of the period with details of Montesquieu’s life, including the influences that inspired the Persian Letters, the character and power of the book, and its reception. This edition also includes a Calendar of the Persian Letters, a Bibliography of Works in English, and a Bibliography of Works in French. Related texts provide insight into the legacy of the Persian Letters. They include selections from works by George Lyttelton, Voltaire, Oliver Goldsmith, and Maria Edgeworth.

Letters from Tabriz
Letters from Tabriz

Author: Hasan Javadi

Publisher: Persia Observed

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13:

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In August 1907 while Iran was in the throes of its Constitutional Revolution, Britain and Russia concluded a secret agreement to divide the country between themselves into zones of influence. In 1910 with the tacit support of the British, Tsarist Russia occupied northwest Iran and violently suppressed the constitutional movement in Tabriz, the northwestern city which was at the centre of the constitutional movement. The ferocity of the Russian occupation took leaders of the constitutionalists by surprise, and in desperation they cried out for help to democratic nations. Edward G Browne was a scholar and professor at Cambridge University who wrote "The Persian Revolution" and the four-volume "Literary History of Persia". He supported the constitutionalists in word and deed. Appalled by the British government's acquiescence of the Russian atrocities in Tabriz, he tried through letters to the editor, political lobbying, and the writing of pamphlets to mobilise public opinion to force the British government to intervene with Russia. "Letters from Tabriz" is the publication, prepared by Browne, of the letters sent to him by Iranian constitutionalist leaders describing, in rousing eyewitness accounts, the Russian atrocities in Tabriz. Its full publication was stifled because of the Anglo-Russian partnership prior to World War I, and it has never been published in English until now.