The Language Grid
The Language Grid

Author: Toru Ishida

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-07-29

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 364221178X

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There is increasing interaction among communities with multiple languages, thus we need services that can effectively support multilingual communication. The Language Grid is an initiative to build an infrastructure that allows end users to create composite language services for intercultural collaboration. The aim is to support communities to create customized multilingual environments by using language services to overcome local language barriers. The stakeholders of the Language Grid are the language resource providers, the language service users, and the language grid operators who coordinate the former. This book includes 18 chapters in six parts that summarize various research results and associated development activities on the Language Grid. The chapters in Part I describe the framework of the Language Grid, i.e., service-oriented collective intelligence, used to bridge providers, users and operators. Two kinds of software are introduced, the service grid server software and the Language Grid Toolbox, and code for both is available via open source licenses. Part II describes technologies for service workflows that compose atomic language services. Part III reports on research work and activities relating to sharing and using language services. Part IV describes various applications of language services as applicable to intercultural collaboration. Part V contains reports on applying the Language Grid for translation activities, including localization of industrial documents and Wikipedia articles. Finally, Part VI illustrates how the Language Grid can be connected to other service grids, such as DFKI's Heart of Gold and smart classroom services in Tsinghua University in Beijing. The book will be valuable for researchers in artificial intelligence, natural language processing, services computing and human--computer interaction, particularly those who are interested in bridging technologies and user communities.

European Language Grid
European Language Grid

Author: Georg Rehm

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-11-01

Total Pages: 380

ISBN-13: 3031172582

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This open access book provides an in-depth description of the EU project European Language Grid (ELG). Its motivation lies in the fact that Europe is a multilingual society with 24 official European Union Member State languages and dozens of additional languages including regional and minority languages. The only meaningful way to enable multilingualism and to benefit from this rich linguistic heritage is through Language Technologies (LT) including Natural Language Processing (NLP), Natural Language Understanding (NLU), Speech Technologies and language-centric Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. The European Language Grid provides a single umbrella platform for the European LT community, including research and industry, effectively functioning as a virtual home, marketplace, showroom, and deployment centre for all services, tools, resources, products and organisations active in the field. Today the ELG cloud platform already offers access to more than 13,000 language processing tools and language resources. It enables all stakeholders to deposit, upload and deploy their technologies and datasets. The platform also supports the long-term objective of establishing digital language equality in Europe by 2030 – to create a situation in which all European languages enjoy equal technological support. This is the very first book dedicated to Language Technology and NLP platforms. Cloud technology has only recently matured enough to make the development of a platform like ELG feasible on a larger scale. The book comprehensively describes the results of the ELG project. Following an introduction, the content is divided into four main parts: (I) ELG Cloud Platform; (II) ELG Inventory of Technologies and Resources; (III) ELG Community and Initiative; and (IV) ELG Open Calls and Pilot Projects.

Services Computing for Language Resources
Services Computing for Language Resources

Author: Yohei Murakami

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-02-23

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 9811077932

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Describing the technologies to combine language resources flexibly as web services, this book provides valuable case studies for those who work in services computing, language resources, human–computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and service science. The authors have been operating the Language Grid, which wraps existing language resources as atomic language services and enables users to compose new services by combining them. From architecture level to service composition level, the book explains how to resolve infrastructural and operational difficulties in sharing and combining language resources, including interoperability of language service infrastructures, various types of language service policies, human services, and service failures. The research based on the authors’ operating experiences of handling complicated issues such as intellectual property and interoperability of language resources contributes to exploitation of language resources as a service. On the other hand, both the analysis based on using services and the design of new services can bring significant results. A new style of multilingual communication supported by language services is worthy of analysis in HCI/CSCW, and the design process of language services is the focus of valuable case studies in service science. By using language resources in different ways based on the Language Grid, many activities are highly regarded by diverse communities. This book consists of four parts: (1) two types of language service platforms to interconnect language services across service grids, (2) various language service composition technologies that improve the reusability, efficiency, and accuracy of composite services, (3) research work and activities in creating language resources and services, and (4) various applications and tools for understanding and designing language services that well support intercultural collaboration.

Intercultural Collaboration
Intercultural Collaboration

Author: Toru Ishida

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-08-13

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 3540740007

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This book presents 29 revised invited and selected lectures given by top-researchers at the First International Workshop on Intercultural Collaboration, IWIC 2007, held in Kyoto, Japan. This state-of-the-art survey increases mutual understanding in our multicultural world by featuring collaboration support, social psychological analyses of intercultural interaction, and case studies from field workers.

Worldwide Language Service Infrastructure
Worldwide Language Service Infrastructure

Author: Yohei Murakami

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-03-22

Total Pages: 205

ISBN-13: 3319314688

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This book constitutes the refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Worldwide Language Service Infrastructure, WLSI 2015, held in Kyoto, Japan, in January 2015. The 4 full papers included in this volume and presented together with 2 short papers and 8 invited papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 7 submissions. The papers are categorized into four parts: introducing metadata and annotations; providing technologies for language service platforms; atomic language services across different interfaces, policies, and development of language resources and services; and collecting reports on language service application.

Usability and Internationalization. Global and Local User Interfaces
Usability and Internationalization. Global and Local User Interfaces

Author: Nuray Aykin

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2007-08-24

Total Pages: 590

ISBN-13: 3540732896

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This is the second of a two-volume set that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Usability and Internationalization, UIHCII 2007, held in Beijing, China in July 2007. The papers of this second volume cover global and local user interfaces and are organized in topical sections on designing global and local products and services, as well as enhancing and personalizing the user experience.

Agent Computing and Multi-Agent Systems
Agent Computing and Multi-Agent Systems

Author: Ramakoti Sadananada

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2006-07-18

Total Pages: 843

ISBN-13: 3540367071

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim International Workshop on Multi-Agents, PRIMA 2006, held in Guilin, China, in August 2006. The book presents 39 revised full papers and 57 revised short papers together with 4 invited talks, addressing subjects from theoretical and methodological issues to applications. Topics include agent models, agent architectures, agent-oriented software engineering, semantic Web service, collaboration, coordination and negotiation, and more.

Massively Multi-Agent Systems II
Massively Multi-Agent Systems II

Author: Donghui Lin

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-05-18

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 3030209377

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This book contains revised selected and invited papers presented at the International Workshop on Massively Multi-Agent Systems, MMAS 2018, held in Stockholm, Sweden, in July 2018. The 7 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this volume. Also included are 3 post-workshop papers. The papers discuss enabling technologies, new architectures, promising applications, and challenges of massively multi-agent systems in the era of IoT. They are organized in the following topical sections: multi-agent systems and Internet of Things; architectures for massively multi-agent systems; and applications of massively multi-agent systems.

Nordic Contributions in IS Research
Nordic Contributions in IS Research

Author: Hannu Salmela

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2011-08-03

Total Pages: 148

ISBN-13: 364222766X

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This book contains the refereed proceedings of the Second Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems (SCIS), held in Turku, Finland, in August 2011. Inspired by the fact that Turku is the cultural capital of Europe in 2011, SCIS invited contributions that address the cultural impact of the latest technologies, e.g., social software, or that target cross-cultural issues of the IT profession itself. The resulting selection of papers in this volume reflects these topics. The 10 papers accepted were presented in one single track and cover topics such as the usage of social media platforms, the socio-economic consequences of novel technologies in application areas like healthcare or energy industries, and cultural differences in software development and maintenance.