The Great War, Disability and Social Darwinism
The Great War, Disability and Social Darwinism

Author: Gabriela Ionela Keller

Publisher: Outskirts Press

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9781478727743

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This study is a contribution to the history of disabled veterans in Great Britain and the United States during World War I (1914-1918) and two decades after the war. Ms. Keller compares rehabilitation institutions of Great Britain and the United States and their treatments for the rehabilitation of disabled soldiers during the war, including medical treatments, therapeutic treatments, and vocational training. In Britain and the United States, there are perhaps three ideologies of perceiving disabled veterans: survival of fittest, Social Darwinism, and class distinctions. The events that occurred during that time paved the way for many programs and treatments that were designed to treat the disabled person in a humane way. This period in history is seminal, inspiring, and full of human drama. The book seeks to connect the past with the present and make history relevant. The knowledge of history empowers us to make positive changes in our society. No scholar in the field of history of the United States has applied Social Darwinism to the treatment of disabled veterans as Ms. Keller does in her book. It is time for a bold look at "The Great War, Disability and Social Darwinism."

From Darwin to Hitler
From Darwin to Hitler

Author: R. Weikart

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-09-27

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13: 1137109866

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In this work, Richard Weikart explains the revolutionary impact Darwinism had on ethics and morality. He demonstrates that many leading Darwinian biologists and social thinkers in Germany believed that Darwinism overturned traditional Judeo-Christian and Enlightenment ethics, especially the view that human life is sacred. Many of these thinkers supported moral relativism, yet simultaneously exalted evolutionary 'fitness' (especially intelligence and health) to the highest arbiter of morality. Darwinism played a key role in the rise not only of eugenics, but also euthanasia, infanticide, abortion and racial extermination. This was especially important in Germany, since Hitler built his view of ethics on Darwinian principles, not on nihilism.

Social Darwinism and Nationalism in Korea: the Beginnings (1880s-1910s)
Social Darwinism and Nationalism in Korea: the Beginnings (1880s-1910s)

Author: Vladimir Tikhonov

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2010-07-14

Total Pages: 267

ISBN-13: 9004190139

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The book deals with the influences Social Darwinism exerted upon Korea’s modern ideologies in their formative period - especially nationalism – after its introduction to Korea in 1883 and before Korea’s annexation by Japan in 1910. It shows that the belief in the “survival of the fittest” as the overarching cosmic and social principle constituted the main underpinning for the modernity discourses in Korea in the 1890s-1900s. Unlike the dominant ideology of traditional Korea, Neo-Confucianism, which was largely promoted by the scholar-official elite, Social Darwinism appealed to the modern intellectuals, but also to the entrepreneurs, providing the justification for their profit-seeking activities as part of the “national survival” project. As an ideology of Korea’s nascent capitalism, Social Darwinism in Korea could, however, hardly be called a liberal creed: it clearly prioritized “national survival” over individual rights and interests.

The Great Class War 1914-1918
The Great Class War 1914-1918

Author: Jacques R. Pauwels

Publisher: James Lorimer & Company

Published: 2016-04-06

Total Pages: 758

ISBN-13: 1459411072

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Historian Jacques Pauwels applies a critical, revisionist lens to the First World War, offering readers a fresh interpretation that challenges mainstream thinking. As Pauwels sees it, war offered benefits to everyone, across class and national borders. For European statesmen, a large-scale war could give their countries new colonial territories, important to growing capitalist economies. For the wealthy and ruling classes, war served as an antidote to social revolution, encouraging workers to exchange socialism's focus on international solidarity for nationalism's intense militarism. And for the working classes themselves, war provided an outlet for years of systemic militarization -- quite simply, they were hardwired to pick up arms, and to do so eagerly. To Pauwels, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June 1914 -- traditionally upheld by historians as the spark that lit the powder keg -- was not a sufficient cause for war but rather a pretext seized upon by European powers to unleash the kind of war they had desired. But what Europe's elite did not expect or predict was some of the war's outcomes: social revolution and Communist Party rule in Russia, plus a wave of political and social democratic reforms in Western Europe that would have far-reaching consequences. Reflecting his broad research in the voluminous recent literature about the First World War by historians in the leading countries involved in the conflict, Jacques Pauwels has produced an account that challenges readers to rethink their understanding of this key event of twentieth century world history.

Great War Prostheses in American Literature and Culture
Great War Prostheses in American Literature and Culture

Author: Aaron Shaheen

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2020-06-26

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 0192599623

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Drawing on rehabilitation publications, novels by both famous and obscure American writers, and even the prosthetic masks of a classically trained sculptor, Great War Prostheses in American Literature and Culture addresses the ways in which prosthetic devices were designed, promoted, and depicted in America in the years during and after the First World War. The war's mechanized weaponry ushered in an entirely new relationship between organic bodies and the technology that could both cause, and attempt to remedy, hideous injuries. Such a relationship was also evident in the realm of prosthetic development, which by the second decade of the twentieth century promoted the belief that a prosthesis should be a spiritual extension of the person who possessed it. This spiritualized vision of prostheses proved particularly resonant in American postwar culture. Relying on some of the most recent developments in literary and disability studies, the book's six chapters explain how a prosthesis's spiritual promise was largely dependent on its ability to nullify an injury and help an amputee renew or even improve upon his prewar life. But if it proved too cumbersome, obtrusive, or painful, the device had the long-lasting power to efface or distort his 'spirit' or personality.

Darwin's Coat-tails
Darwin's Coat-tails

Author: David Paul Crook

Publisher: Peter Lang

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 9780820481388

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We all know that Darwin's theory played a vital role in genetic engineering. This book explores the social origins, showing people how metaphorically sat upon "coat-tails" to further their own campaigns, who in the end try to justify everything starting from capilatism right down to the World War II. This book provides essays that will enhance our knowledge about the way we look at genetic engineering.

Psychosocial Aspects of Disability
Psychosocial Aspects of Disability

Author: Irmo Marini, PhD, DSc, CRC, CLCP

Publisher: Springer Publishing Company

Published: 2011-07-27

Total Pages: 517

ISBN-13: 082610603X

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"What a marvelous and amazing textbook. Drs. Marini, Glover-Graf and Millington have done a remarkable job in the design of this highly unique book, that comprehensively and very thoughtfully addresses the psychosocial aspects of the disability experience. These highly respected scholars have produced a major work that will be a central text in rehabilitation education for years to come." From the Foreword by Michael J. Leahy, Ph.D., LPC, CRC Office of Rehabilitation and Disability Studies Michigan State University "This is an excellent book, but the best parts are the stories of the disabled, which give readers insights into their struggles and triumphs." Score: 94, 4 Stars--Doody's Medical Reviews What are the differences between individuals with disabilities who flourish as opposed to those who never really adjust after a trauma? How are those born with a disability different from individuals who acquire one later in life? This is the first textbook about the psychosocial aspects of disability to provide students and practitioners of rehabilitation counseling with vivid insight into the experience of living with a disability. It features the first-person narratives of 16 people living with a variety of disabling conditions, which are integrated with sociological and societal perspectives toward disability, and strategies for counseling persons with disabilities. Using a minority model perspective to address disability, the book focuses on historical perspectives, cultural variants regarding disability, myths and misconceptions, the attitudes of special interest and occupational groups, the psychology of disability with a focus on positive psychology, and adjustments to disability by the individual and family. A wealth of counseling guidelines and useful strategies are geared specifically to individual disabilities. Key Features: Contains narratives of people living with blindness, hearing impairments, spinal cord injuries, muscular dystrophy, polio, mental illness, and other disabilities Provides counseling guidelines and strategies specifically geared toward specific disabilities, including "dos and don'ts" Includes psychological and sociological research relating to individual disabilities Discusses ongoing treatment issues and ethical dilemmas for rehabilitation counselors Presents thought-provoking discussion questions in each chapter Authored by prominent professor and researcher who became disabled as a young adult

Disability as a Social Construct
Disability as a Social Construct

Author: Claire H. Liachowitz

Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press

Published: 2010-11-24

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13: 0812202627

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Wounded soldiers, injured workers, handicapped adults, and physically impaired children have all been affected by legislation that reduces their opportunities to live a functional life. In Disability as a Social Construct, Claire Liachowitz contends that disability is not merely a result of a handicap but can be imposed by society through devaluation and segregation of people who deviate from physical norms. She analyzes pertinent American legislation, primarily from 1770 to 1920, to provide a new perspective on the mechanisms that translate physical defects into social and civil inferiority.

Understanding Disability Policy
Understanding Disability Policy

Author: Alan Roulstone

Publisher: Policy Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 1847427383

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We live at a paradoxical time for many disabled people: some achieve new freedoms while others face cuts in services and attempts to restrict who counts as disabled. Locating disability policy within broader social policy contexts, Alan Roulstone and Simon Prideaux critically explore the roles of social support, poverty, socio-economic status, community safety, spatial change, and other issues in shaping disabled people's opportunities. They also consider implications for future policy developments, including the impact of changing government and academic understandings of disability.