Comparative Effects of Computer-assisted Instruction of Motivation and Achievement of Learning Disabled and Nonlearning Disabled Students
Comparative Effects of Computer-assisted Instruction of Motivation and Achievement of Learning Disabled and Nonlearning Disabled Students

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1987

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This study investigated the processes by which variation in format for presenting multiplication problems influenced children's motivation and achievement. The three multiplication drill and practice instructional methods were: (1) computer-assisted instruction (cai) with a reward game, (2) computer-assisted instruction without a reward game, and (3) paper-and-pencil. A sample of 69 fourth-grade students was classified into one of two groups, labelled achiever or underachiever, and the students were randomly assigned to one of the three instructional methods. Results indicated that both achievement and motivation were related to instructional method. When motivation was defined as amount of time the student participated in the study, the two cai groups were more motivated than the paper-and-pencil students. When achievement was defined as the number of multiplication problems completed correctly, the group of students using cai without a reward game achieved more than the group using cai with a reward game. When achievement was measured by pre- and post-achievement test comparison, there were no significant effects. There were no significant interactions between method of instruction and type of achiever. (Jdd).

A Comparison of the Effect of Computer-assisted-instruction and Same-age Peer-tutoring on Math Achievement of Fourth Grade Students
A Comparison of the Effect of Computer-assisted-instruction and Same-age Peer-tutoring on Math Achievement of Fourth Grade Students

Author: Elizabeth A. Pflug

Publisher:

Published: 1987

Total Pages: 166

ISBN-13:

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A pretest-posttest design was used to compare the effectiveness of computer-assisted-instruction (CAI) drill and practice with the effectiveness of same-age peer-tutor drill and practice on promoting mastery of multiplication facts. The subjects were students from three, fourth grade classes in the Reedville School District of Aloha, Oregon. Two fourth grade classes were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: CAI and same-age peer-tutoring. A third class was designated as a control group. Students in the CAI group drilled on multiplication facts independently at a computer for 10 minutes per day for 25 days. Students in the same-age peer-tutor group tutored classmates using multiplication flashcards for 5 minutes and were tutored for an additional 5 minutes for a total of 10 minutes per day for 25 days. The control group received traditional math instruction consisting of daily, one-minute, mastery tests. Drill and practice was independent and self-paced. Treatment consisted of drill and practice on multiplication facts with multipliers 0-9 and multiplicands 6-9. The pretest and posttest were computer-constructed criterion tests consisting of randomly selected multiplication facts from the treatment set. Fifty-two students began the treatment. Forty-five students completed treatment and the posttest. Analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test showed a significant difference between the CAI group (x̄ = 48.00) and control group (x̄̄ = 67.60) on the pretest. However, on the posttest, analysis of covariance revealed no significant difference among the groups (p = .05). Therefore, the null hypotheses for the study were accepted. The hypotheses predicted there would be no significant difference between the groups' mean math scores on the posttest. Although the study did not identify either CAI or same-age peer-tutoring drill and practice as more effective than the other, it did show both strategies to be equally effective in promoting mastery of basic math facts. The adjusted group means were CAI: 93.97 and same-age peer-tutoring: 93.43. In finding the two strategies to be equally effective, the study identified same-age peer-tutoring as a cost-effective alternative to CAI drill and practice. The findings have implications for staff development, curriculum planning, and for teachers' selection of drill and practice strategies.