The Ins and Outs of Breathing
The Ins and Outs of Breathing

Author: Norman L. Jones

Publisher: iUniverse

Published: 2011-07

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 1462030068

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Breathing, one of our most essential bodily functions, is central to the proper working of the body and to your quality of life. Taking a wider view, the lungs are the only major system in direct contact with the environment, serving to protect the body with a variety of defenses, but also taking the brunt of the onslaught, when the air we breathe is toxic. The Ins and Outs of Breathing is the result of Dr. Norman Jones's fifty-year odyssey to understand how the lung works and the science of breathing. Jones traces the struggles of scientists from Leonardo to the present day as they pieced together the structure of the lungs. He examines the effect of changes in breathing and its secondary effects on other body systems. Understand how breathing influences many bodily functions, from our muscles, brain, and even the immune system. Discover how Everest was climbed without oxygen, how Roger Bannister ran the first four-minute mile, and how SCUBA allows you to enjoy underwater exploration. Find the evidence to convince you or your friends to stop smoking. See all the different ways in which animals, marine creatures and birds breathe. Gain insights into asthma, COPD, and other lung complaints. Discover what makes your partner snore at night, and what to do about it. Accessible and wide-ranging, this layman's guide to the lungs can help you appreciate the many meanings of inspiration.

Childhood and Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution
Childhood and Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution

Author: Jane Humphries

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-06-24

Total Pages: 455

ISBN-13: 1139489283

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This is a unique account of working-class childhood during the British industrial revolution, first published in 2010. Using more than 600 autobiographies written by working men of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Jane Humphries illuminates working-class childhood in contexts untouched by conventional sources and facilitates estimates of age at starting work, social mobility, the extent of apprenticeship and the duration of schooling. The classic era of industrialisation, 1790–1850, apparently saw an upsurge in child labour. While the memoirs implicate mechanisation and the division of labour in this increase, they also show that fatherlessness and large subsets, common in these turbulent, high-mortality and high-fertility times, often cast children as partners and supports for mothers struggling to hold families together. The book offers unprecedented insights into child labour, family life, careers and schooling. Its images of suffering, stoicism and occasional childish pleasures put the humanity back into economic history and the trauma back into the industrial revolution.