Promised Lands

Promised Lands

Author: Jonathan Parry

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2022-02-22

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13: 0691231451

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A major history of the British Empire’s early involvement in the Middle East Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt in 1798 showed how vulnerable India was to attack by France and Russia. It forced the British Empire to try to secure the two routes that a European might use to reach the subcontinent—through Egypt and the Red Sea, and through Baghdad and the Persian Gulf. Promised Lands is a panoramic history of this vibrant and explosive age. Charting the development of Britain’s political interest in the Middle East from the Napoleonic Wars to the Crimean War in the 1850s, Jonathan Parry examines the various strategies employed by British and Indian officials, describing how they sought influence with local Arabs, Mamluks, Kurds, Christians, and Jews. He tells a story of commercial and naval power—boosted by the arrival of steamships in the 1830s—and discusses how classical and biblical history fed into British visions of what these lands might become. The region was subject to the Ottoman Empire, yet the sultan’s grip on it appeared weak. Should Ottoman claims to sovereignty be recognised and exploited, or ignored and opposed? Could the Sultan’s government be made to support British objectives, or would it always favour France or Russia? Promised Lands shows how what started as a geopolitical contest became a drama about diplomatic competition, religion, race, and the unforeseen consequences of history.


The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945-1951

The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945-1951

Author: William Roger Louis

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 828

ISBN-13: 9780198229605

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With intellectual rigor and careful attention to recently released papers, Wm. Roger Louis's study asks: Why did Britain's colonial empire begin to collapse in 1945 and how did the post-war Labour government attempt to sustain a vision of the old Empire through imperialism in the Middle East?


Lords of the Desert

Lords of the Desert

Author: James Barr

Publisher: Basic Books

Published: 2018-09-11

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 1541617401

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A path-breaking history of how the United States superseded Great Britain as the preeminent power in the Middle East, with urgent lessons for the present day We usually assume that Arab nationalism brought about the end of the British Empire in the Middle East -- that Gamal Abdel Nasser and other Arab leaders led popular uprisings against colonial rule that forced the overstretched British from the region. In Lords of the Desert, historian James Barr draws on newly declassified archives to argue instead that the US was the driving force behind the British exit. Though the two nations were allies, they found themselves at odds over just about every question, from who owned Saudi Arabia's oil to who should control the Suez Canal. Encouraging and exploiting widespread opposition to the British, the US intrigued its way to power -- ultimately becoming as resented as the British had been. As Barr shows, it is impossible to understand the region today without first grappling with this little-known prehistory.


Dislocating the Orient

Dislocating the Orient

Author: Daniel Foliard

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2017-04-13

Total Pages: 343

ISBN-13: 022645133X

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While the twentieth century’s conflicting visions and exploitation of the Middle East are well documented, the origins of the concept of the Middle East itself have been largely ignored. With Dislocating the Orient, Daniel Foliard tells the story of how the land was brought into being, exploring how maps, knowledge, and blind ignorance all participated in the construction of this imagined region. Foliard vividly illustrates how the British first defined the Middle East as a geopolitical and cartographic region in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries through their imperial maps. Until then, the region had never been clearly distinguished from “the East” or “the Orient.” In the course of their colonial activities, however, the British began to conceive of the Middle East as a separate and distinct part of the world, with consequences that continue to be felt today. As they reimagined boundaries, the British produced, disputed, and finally dramatically transformed the geography of the area—both culturally and physically—over the course of their colonial era. Using a wide variety of primary texts and historical maps to show how the idea of the Middle East came into being, Dislocating the Orient will interest historians of the Middle East, the British empire, cultural geography, and cartography.


Allenby and British Strategy in the Middle East, 1917-1919

Allenby and British Strategy in the Middle East, 1917-1919

Author: Matthew Hughes

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 1136323953

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Examines British military, political and imperial strategy in the Middle East during and immediately after the First World War, in relation to General Allenby's command of the Egypt Expeditionary Force from June 1917 to November 1919.


Demise of the British Empire in the Middle East

Demise of the British Empire in the Middle East

Author: Michael Joseph Cohen

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 284

ISBN-13: 9780714648040

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This volume deals with the gradual eclipse of British power in the Middle East, a process that began during World War Two and reached its dénouement with the British agreement to evacuate the Suez Base in 1954.


Learning from the History of British Interventions in the Middle East

Learning from the History of British Interventions in the Middle East

Author: Louise Kettle

Publisher: Edinburgh University Press

Published: 2018-09-17

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 1474437974

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Drawing on a wealth of previously unseen documents, sourced by Freedom of Information requests, together with interviews with government and intelligence agency officials, Louise Kettle questions whether the British government has learned anything from its military interventions in the Middle East, from the 1950s to the 2016 Iraq Inquiry report.


Britain and the Arab Middle East

Britain and the Arab Middle East

Author: Robert H. Lieshout

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2016-07-25

Total Pages: 454

ISBN-13: 0857729330

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The profound effects of the British Empire's actions in the Arab World during the First World War can be seen echoing through the history of the 20th century. The uprising sparked by the Husayn-McMahon correspondence and led by 'Lawrence of Arabia'; the Sykes-Picot agreement which undermined that rebellion; and memoranda such as the Balfour Declaration all have shaped the Middle East into forms which would have been unrecognizable to the diplomats of the 19th century. Undertaken during the First 'World' War, these actions were not part of a coordinated British strategy, but in fact directed by several overlapping and competing departments, some imperfectly referred to as the 'Arab Bureau'. The British and the Middle East is unique in its comprehensive treatment of how and why the British generals and diplomats acted as they did. By taking as his starting point the voluminous, contradictory and revealing records of the policy-makers in the British government, Robert H. Lieshout shows convincingly that many concerned with foreign policy making were quite oblivious to the history and complexities of the Islamic World.Covering the full sweep of British involvement in Arabia, Lieshout makes a lasting contribution to our understanding of the period in which the British Empire changed the world, and shows how shallow and confused the understanding of those that shaped the future of the Middle East really was.


British and French Colonialism in Africa, Asia and the Middle East

British and French Colonialism in Africa, Asia and the Middle East

Author: James R. Fichter

Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan

Published: 2019-08-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783319979632

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This book examines the connections between the British Empire and French colonialism in war, peace and the various stages of competitive cooperation between, in which the two empires were often frères ennemis. It argues that in crucial ways the British and French colonial empires influenced each other. Chapters in the volume consider the two empires' connections in North, West and Central Africa, as well as their entanglement at sea in the Mediterranean Sea, Persian Gulf and South China Sea. Also analysed are their mutual engagement with Islam in both the Hajj and various religiously inflected colonial revolts, their mutually-informed systems of administration in the New Hebrides and generally, and the interconnected ways the two empires fought World War II and decolonization. By uniting historians of France and her colonies with historians of Britain and her colonies, this volume speaks to a broad international and imperial history audience.


The Logistics and Politics of the British Campaigns in the Middle East, 1914-22

The Logistics and Politics of the British Campaigns in the Middle East, 1914-22

Author: Kristian Coates Ulrichsen

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2010-10-14

Total Pages: 269

ISBN-13: 0230297609

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An examination of how the logistical demands of the British military campaigns in Palestine and Mesopotamia led to a more intrusive and authoritarian form of imperial control in 1917-18. This early example of Western military intervention in the Middle East provoked a localized backlash in 1919-20 whose effects continue to be felt today.