The Subversive Activities Prevention Law of Japan

The Subversive Activities Prevention Law of Japan

Author: Cecil H. Uyehara

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 472

ISBN-13: 9004180923

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The Subversive Activities Prevention Law (SAPL) was the last major controversial law to be drafted at the end of the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) which was managed and controlled by General Headquarters (GHQ) under U.S. General MacArthur and was enacted into law after Japan had regained its formal independence in 1952. Soon after the Occupation began, prewar Japanese internal security laws were ordered abolished by the Occupation. Now that Japan would be re-gaining its independence in 1952, there was urgency to creating a new integrated national internal security law to fill the vacuum created by the Occupation, 1945-1952. The Subversive Activities Prevention Law was to be the centerpiece for maintaining internal security in the new independent Japan. It turned out to be an extremely controversial law that was vociferously opposed by the political opposition in and out of the Diet in light of the prewar history, surrounding how such internal security laws were implemented by the state security apparatus. The demonstrations in 1951-52 against the proposed law, organized by the labor unions, were the largest, loudest and most determined since the end of the war. This publication is the first analysis in English on how this law was drafted and debated, supported and opposed, using the 20+ drafts of the law, and the subsequent deliberations concerning the proposed law in the Houses of Representatives and Councillors. A short epilogue - since over 50 years have elapsed since the law was initially enacted in 1952 - analyzes the implementation of the law during these years. "The Subversive Activities Prevention Law of Japan, Its Creation, 1951-1952" will be of particular interest to those studying the Allied Occupation of Japan, the Japanese political and legislative process and its internal security laws.


Scientists and the State

Scientists and the State

Author: Etel Solingen

Publisher: University of Michigan Press

Published: 1994

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 9780472104864

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An important comparative study of scientists' place in the twentieth-century state


Telecommunications Policy-making in the European Union

Telecommunications Policy-making in the European Union

Author: Joseph W. Goodman

Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 1847201695

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This book offers a good study of the development of telecommunications policy by the EU. . . Great value to those interested in understanding both European telecommunications policy and more generally in how policy-making operates in the EU. Mark Thatcher, West European Politics . . . the book provides an interesting perspective on the evolution of nature of telecommunications policy-making within the EU. As a consequence, the book should be of interest to telecommunications and politics/government researchers alike, Jason Whalley, Communications Booknotes Quarterly This well-written book deals with the emergence and shaping of telecommunications policy in Europe, with a particular focus on the time period of 1987 1998. . . This book fills an important gap reviewing the initial formative years of European telecommunications policy development and liberalization in detail. The book captures the complicated and interdependent policy formation process in Europe in a credible and thoughtful way, without falling into the trap of admiring critical personalities and key actors. . . The author has written an important and useful book, which invites the research community to further explore the evolution of European telecommunications policy. Erik Bohlin, Communications & Strategies Examining the emergence of a European Union telecommunications policy, Joseph Goodman explains how and why the policy developed as it did and why certain reforms in the sector were easier to achieve than others. He provides a history of the key actors in the policy-making process from the first attempts by the national postal, telegraph, and telecommunication administrations to coordinate their telecommunications policies in the 1950s, to the implementation of a comprehensive EU telecommunications regulatory structure in 1998 and the development of a new regulatory structure in 2003. The analytical framework employed by the author draws upon new institutionalism and actor-based approaches, providing an opportunity to evaluate the utility of a synthetic approach for examining and explaining EU policy-making. The focus of his analysis is on the European Commission s two-pronged strategy of liberalisation and harmonisation, which began in the late 1980s and culminated in an important milestone on January 1st 1998, when the EU Member States fully opened their telecommunications markets to competition. He concludes that a synthetic approach, which enables the researcher to apply a number of approaches to multiple settings and various levels of analysis, is useful even necessary in understanding and explaining the many dimensions of EU policy-making. This authoritative study will be of interest to all those in the telecommunications industry including attorneys, consultants, and lobbyists who would like to know how the EU s policy developed. It will appeal, more generally, to political scientists and scholars of European history and politics.