Advanced Nanomaterials and Their Applications

Advanced Nanomaterials and Their Applications

Author: Bikash Sharma

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2023-12-13

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 1003804756

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This book covers various facets of nanomaterials and their applications including low-dimensional materials along with discussions on in vitro cell imaging, bioanalyses, UV laser applications of scheelite-type nanomaterials, and nanosized cyanobridged metal-organic frameworks, including high spin transition metal ions. It explains transition metal dichalcogenides and magnetic tunnel junction devices as an alternative to complementary metal-oxide semiconductors. One of the main aims of this book is to grow interest in the atomistic simulation process and characterization of these nanoscale devices. Details the recent advances in the application of nanomaterials for nanoelectronics devices, sensors, and memories Describes the first-principles approach to ultrasensitive electrically doped biosensors Discusses the application of nanomaterials in spintronic devices, specifically magnetic tunnel junction devices with new architectures Covers nanomaterials in water purification and conducting polymer nanocomposites in electrochemical supercapacitors Presents the theoretical background of next-generation MRI contrast agents with nanosized cyanobridged metal-organic frameworks including high spin transition metal ions This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students of materials engineering and nanoelectronics.


Technologies for economic and functional lightweight design

Technologies for economic and functional lightweight design

Author: Klaus Dröder

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-10

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 3662629240

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This book comprises the proceedings of the conference “Future Production of Hybrid Structures 2020”, which took place in Wolfsburg. The conference focused on hybrid lightweight design, which is characterized by the combination of different materials with the aim of improving properties and reducing weight. In particular, production technologies for hybrid lightweight design were discussed, new evaluation methods for the ecological assessment of hybrid components were presented and future-oriented approaches motivated by nature for the development of components, assemblies and systems were introduced. Lightweight design is a key technology for the development of sustainable and resource-efficient mobility concepts. Vehicle manufacturers operate in an area of conflict between customer requirements, competition and legislation. Material hybrid structures, which combine the advantages of different materials, have a high potential for reducing weight, while simultaneously expanding component functionality. The future, efficient use of function-integrated hybrid structures in vehicle design requires innovations and constant developments in vehicle and production technology. There is a great demand, especially with regard to new methods and technologies, for "affordable" lightweight construction in large-scale production, taking into account the increasing requirements with regard to variant diversity, safety and quality.


American Hemp

American Hemp

Author: Jen Hobbs

Publisher: Simon and Schuster

Published: 2019-04-16

Total Pages: 263

ISBN-13: 1510743308

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If there ever was a time to build an American hemp industry, the time is now. In Jesse Ventura’s Marijuana Manifesto, former Minnesota Governor teamed up with Jen Hobbs to explain why it’s time to fully legalize cannabis and end the War on Drugs. Through their research, it became clear that hemp needed its own manifesto. Jen Hobbs takes up this torch in American Hemp. December of 2018 marked a largely unprecedented victory for cannabis. The 2018 Farm Bill passed and with it hemp became legal. What the federal government listed for decades as a schedule 1 narcotic was finally classified as an agricultural crop, giving great promise to the rise of a new American hemp industry. Filled with catchall research, American Hemp examines what this new domestic crop can be used for, what makes it a superior product, and what made it illegal in the first place; the book also delves into the many health and medical benefits of the plant. Hobbs weighs in on how hemp can improve existing industries, from farming to energy to 3D printing, plus how it can make a serious impact on climate change by removing toxins from the soil and by decreasing our dependence on plastics and fossil fuels. American Hemp lays out where we are as a nation on expanding this entirely new (yet ancient) domestic industry while optimistically reasoning that by sowing hemp, we can grow a better future and save the planet in the process.


Italian Manufacturing Association Conference

Italian Manufacturing Association Conference

Author: Luigi Maria Galantucci

Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC

Published: 2023-10-15

Total Pages: 514

ISBN-13: 1644902702

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The book presents new advances in the field of manufacturing technologies. It focuses on the design and engineering of manufacturing processes; additive manufacturing and reverse engineering; assembly, disassembly and circular processes; system simulation, optimization and digital manufacturing; and materials processing technology. Keywords: Human Robot, Short Term Production Planning, Thermoplastic Composite Components, Compostable Materials, Diffusion Bonding, Superplastic Forming, Hardening Technologies, Physical Simulation Tests, Numerical Model, Dissimilar Material Welding, Additive Manufacturing, Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Fused Deposition Modeling, Laser Sintering, Fused Filament Fabrication, Manufacturing System Laser Welding, Wind Blades, Bandsaw Machine, PVC Tubes, Submerged Arc Welding, Multi-Layered Coatings, Cryogenics, Metal Piercing, Picosecond Laser Processing, Carbon Nanotube; Fiber Reinforced Composites, Tools With Complex Geometry. Carbon/Epoxy Composite, Rheological Additives, PP/flax Fibers, Human Well-being, Extruded Rods & Pipes, Laser Welding, E-mobility, WAAM Process, Glass Fiber.


Industrial Green Chemistry

Industrial Green Chemistry

Author: Serge Kaliaguine

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2020-12-07

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 3110646854

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The editors and authors, with backgrounds in academia and industry, tie together recent and established technologies for the upcoming change to sustainable industrial chemistry. The extensive worldwide activities towards that goal are exemplified with a series of green processes. Some of these processes are already commercially applied (squalene to squalane, hydraulic fluids from vegetable oils, biosourced polycarbonates), others are ready for a large scale implementation (glycerol to acrylic acid, biosourced acrylonitrile and levulinic acid, polyamides from fatty nitriles-esters hydrogenation, butadiene from bioethanol) or are being developed (cyclic carbonates from epoxides, selective pyrolysis of biomass). This book is an indispensable source for the researchers and professionals who work for a greener chemical industry. The chapters have been arranged to guide students through the design of new processes for more sustainable chemistry, using case studies as examples.


Functionalized epitaxial graphene as versatile platform for air quality sensors

Functionalized epitaxial graphene as versatile platform for air quality sensors

Author: Marius Rodner

Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press

Published: 2021-04-12

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 9179296750

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The work presented in this thesis focuses on epitaxial graphene on SiC as a platform for air quality sensors. Several approaches have been tested and evaluated to increase the sensitivity, selectivity, speed of response and stability of the sensors. The graphene surfaces have been functionalized, for example, with different metal oxide nanoparticles and nanolayers using hollow-cathode sputtering and pulsed laser deposition. The modified surfaces were investigated towards topography, integrity and chemical composition with characterization methods such as atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Interaction energies between several analytes and nanoparticle-graphene-combinations were calculated by density functional theory to find the optimal material for specific target gases, and to verify the usefulness of this approach. The impact of environmental influences such as operating temperature, relative humidity and UV irradiation on sensing properties was investigated as well. To further enhance sensor performances, the first-order time-derivative of the sensor’s resistance was introduced to speed up sensor response and a temperature cycled operation mode was investigated towards selectivity. Applying these methods in laboratory conditions, sensors with a quantitative readout of single ppb benzene and formaldehyde were developed. These results show promise to fill the existing gap of low-cost but highly sensitive and fast gas sensors for air quality monitoring. Der Fokus dieser Thesis liegt auf der Erforschung von epitaxialem Graphen auf SiC als Plattform für Luftgütesensoren. Diverse Ansätze wurden untersucht, um die Sensitivität, Selektivität, Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und Stabilität der Sensoren zu verbessern. Die Graphenoberfläche wurde unter anderem mit Metalloxid-Nanopartikeln oder nanometerdünnen Schichten funktionalisiert. Die funktionalisierten Sensorschichten wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, Unversehrtheit und chemischen Zusammensetzung mittels Rasterkraftmikroskopie und Raman Spektroskopie untersucht. Die Reaktionsenergien zwischen verschiedenen Analyten und Nanopartikel-Graphen-Kombinationen wurden mit Dichtefunktionaltheorie berechnet, um das optimale Material für spezifische Gase zu finden und um die Brauchbarkeit dieser Funktionalisierungsmethode zu verifizieren. Der Einfluss von äußeren Parametern wie Sensortemperatur, Luftfeuchte und UV-Einstrahlung auf die Sensoreigenschaften wurde ebenfalls untersucht. Um die Sensorleistung zu verbessern, wurde die erste zeitliche Ableitung des Sensorwiderstands als zusätzliches Signal eingeführt und ein temperaturzyklischer Betriebsmodus hinsichtlich seiner Eignung erforscht. Durch die Anwendung dieser Methoden ist es möglich, einzelne ppbs Benzol und Formaldehyd unter Laborbedingungen zu detektieren. Diese Ergebnisse sind vielversprechend, um die bestehende Lücke der günstigen, aber sehr sensitiven Sensoren für Luftqualitätsüberwachung zu schließen. Arbetet som presenteras i denna avhandling fokuserar på epitaxiell grafen på SiC som en plattform för luftkvalitetssensorer. Flera tillvägagångssätt har testats och utvärderats för att öka känsligheten, selektiviteten, responstiden, och stabiliteten hos sensorerna. Grafenytorna har modifierats till exempel med olika metalloxid-nanopartiklar och nanolager med användning av hålkatodsputtring och PLD. De modifierade ytorna undersöktes mot topografi, strukturell integritet och kemisk sammansättning med karakteriseringsmetoder som atomkraftsmikroskopi och Ramanspektroskopi. Interaktionsenergier mellan flera analyter och nanopartiklar-grafen- materialkombinationer beräknades med täthetsfunktionalteori för att hitta de optimala materialkombinationerna för specifika målgaser och för att verifiera användbarheten av ytmodifieringarna. Effekten av externa faktorer som arbetstemperatur, relativ fuktighet och UV-bestrålning på avkänningsegenskaper undersöktes också. För att ytterligare förbättra sensorprestanda introducerades första ordningens tidsderivat av sensorns resistans för att snabbare utvärdera sensorns respons, och ett temperaturcyklat driftläge i kombination med multivariat dataanalys undersöktes mot selektivitet. Genom att använda dessa metoder under laboratorieförhållanden utvecklades sensorer med en kvantitativ avläsning av enstaka ppb bensen och formaldehyd. Dessa resultat visar på en möjlig lösning för att fylla det hålrum som finns i dagens sensorteknologier för luftkvalitetsövervakning, där flera relevanta gaser i dagsläget inte kan mätas med kostnadseffektiva men mycket känsliga och snabba gassensorer.


Sustainable Food Packaging Technology

Sustainable Food Packaging Technology

Author: Athanassia Athanassiou

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2021-05-10

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 3527345566

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Towards more sustainable packaging with biodegradable materials! The combination of the continuously increasing food packaging waste with the non-biodegradable nature of the plastic materials that have a big slice of the packaging market makes it necessary to move towards sustainable packaging for the benefit of the environment and human health. Sustainable packaging is the type of packaging that can provide to food the necessary protection conditions, but at the same type is biodegradable and can be disposed as organic waste to the landfills in order to biodegrade through a natural procedure. In this way, sustainable packaging becomes part of the circular economy. ?Sustainable Food Packaging Technology? deals with packaging solutions that use engineered biopolymers or biocomposites that have suitable physicochemical properties for food contact and protection and originate both from renewable or non-renewable resources, but in both cases are compostable or edible. Modified paper and cardboard with increased protective properties towards food while keeping their compostability are presented as well. The book also covers natural components that can make the packaging functional, e.g., by providing active protection to the food indicating food spoilage. * Addresses urgent problems: food packaging creates a lot of hard-to-recycle waste - this book puts forward more sustainable solutions using biodegradable materials * State-of-the-art: ?Sustainable Food Packaging Technology? provides knowledge on new developments in functional packaging * From lab to large-scale applications: expert authors report on the technology aspects of sustainable packaging


Semiconductor Advanced Packaging

Semiconductor Advanced Packaging

Author: John H. Lau

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-05-17

Total Pages: 513

ISBN-13: 9811613761

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The book focuses on the design, materials, process, fabrication, and reliability of advanced semiconductor packaging components and systems. Both principles and engineering practice have been addressed, with more weight placed on engineering practice. This is achieved by providing in-depth study on a number of major topics such as system-in-package, fan-in wafer/panel-level chip-scale packages, fan-out wafer/panel-level packaging, 2D, 2.1D, 2.3D, 2.5D, and 3D IC integration, chiplets packaging, chip-to-wafer bonding, wafer-to-wafer bonding, hybrid bonding, and dielectric materials for high speed and frequency. The book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, materials sciences, and industry engineering, etc.


Pharmacogenetics

Pharmacogenetics

Author: Islam A. Khalil

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2021-11-24

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 1839692170

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Pharmacogenetics is the study of the effects of individual genetics on drug responses. This book provides an overview of the current state of the pharmacological genetic aspects of these treatments. It discusses drugs with genetic information to support product labeling, clinical guidelines, or significant mechanical effects. Pharmacogenetic studies have also allowed us to better understand the pharmacology of medications used to treat neurologic and psychiatric disorders. This book also reviews the current state of the science and potential clinical utility of pharmacogenetic markers for these treatments. Furthermore, it highlights the in silico approach as a promising tool for further research on experimental pharmacology.


Advanced Technologies for Rechargeable Batteries

Advanced Technologies for Rechargeable Batteries

Author: Prasanth Raghavan

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2024-08-22

Total Pages: 397

ISBN-13: 1040106382

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This volume covers recent advanced battery systems such as metal-ion, hybrid, and metal-air batteries. It includes an introduction to fluoride, potassium, zinc, chloride, aluminium, and iron-ion batteries; special or hybrid batteries are included, with calcium, nuclear, thermal, and lithium-magnesium hybrid batteries also explained. It summarizes the recent progress and chemistry behind the popular metal-air batteries, including a systematic overview of the components, design, and integration of these new battery technologies. Features: Covers recent battery technologies in detail, from the chemistry to advances in post-lithium-ion batteries. Various post-lithium-ion batteries are discussed in detail. Includes a section on ion batteries, exploring new types of metal-ion batteries. Focuses in each chapter on a particular battery type, including different metal-ion batteries such as zinc, potassium, aluminium, and their air version batteries. Provides authoritative coverage of scientific content via global contributing experts. This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers, and professionals in materials science, chemical and electrical engineering, and electrochemistry.