Opportunities for growth and investment in Central America could well improve in the coming years, as the region's ties with the world economy grow closer. This integration, however, also presents important challenges for economic policy to ensure that growth can be sustained and can benefit the poor. This book stresses the importance of keeping fiscal policy on a sustainable path, strengthening public investment in basic infrastructure and primary health care and primary and secondary education, and managing the risks associated with partial dollarization.
This book identifies good practices in the design and implementation of evaluation and teacher incentive systems from various perspectives through formulation, stakeholder negotiation, implementation, monitoring and follow-up.
This book explores global issues in the professional development of science teachers, and considers classroom applications of teacher training with a comparative lens. The twelve studies collected in this volume span five continents and vastly differing models of teacher education. Carefully detailing the social and cultural contexts for the teaching of science, this is a guidebook for anyone concerned with equity and reform in professional development.
Knowledge and its application are now widely recognized to be key sources of growth in the global economy. Putting knowledge to work allows countries to improve everyday life for their people, opening up new possibilities for small and medium-size enterprises and other less-developed economic groups. This volume examines the challenges and opportunties for Mexicos knowledge-based economy, offering strategies for making major improvements in the countrys capacity to generate knowledge and transform it into wealth.
Winner of the 2020 American Educational Studies Association Critics Choice Book Award Teacher attrition has long been a significant challenge within the field of education. It is a commonly-cited statistic that almost fifty percent of beginning teachers leave the field within their first five years, to the detriment of schools, students, and their own career development. There Has to be a Better Way offers an essential voice in understanding the dynamics of teacher attrition from the perspective of the teachers themselves. Drawing upon in-depth qualitative research with former teachers from urban schools in multiple regions of the United States, Lynnette Mawhinney and Carol R. Rinke identify several themes that uncover the rarely-spoken reasons why teachers so often willingly leave the classroom. The authors go further to provide concrete recommendations for how school administrators can better support their practicing teachers, as well as how teacher educators might enhance preparation for the next generation of educators. Complete with suggested readings and discussion questions, this book serves as an indispensable resource in understanding and building an effective and productive educational workforce for our nation’s students.
The first essay of this dissertation examines the role of teacher characteristics in schools on student outcomes using datasets from TIMSS 1999 and TIMSS 2007 international tests. Taking an advantage that students have to take both mathematics and science subjects from different teachers, I use the method of First Difference (FD) analysis in order to remove the potential biases between teacher attributes and unobserved student characteristics. The findings show some contradictory outcomes between the FD analysis and ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis. The second essay looks into the problem of recruitment of well-qualified high school and college graduates to work as primary and secondary school teachers. I compare teacher salaries and benefits vis-à-vis other mathematics and science-oriented professions namely medical professions, engineers, accountants, scientists and nurses. In addition, I compare incomes between people who graduate from teacher colleges and non-teacher colleges. Using data from Thailand Labor Force Survey from 1985 to 2005, I find that teachers are the most poorly paid of all professions, including nurses. The difference in terms of an opportunity cost between male and female teachers is also striking. Among the graduates from teacher colleges, male graduates earn more than their peers if they chose other occupations whereas female graduates earn less if they make other choices. The third essay looks at the reasons teachers choose part-time jobs, the type of jobs they choose, and the amount of income they receive from these jobs, as well as factors influencing these decisions. I find that approximately 20-25% of Thai teachers participated in moonlighting activities. The majority of them have part-time jobs including tutoring, selling food and other products, and farming. Low salaries and high level of indebtedness are the most important factors associated with the increased likelihood of having a part-time job. However, economic status does not correlate significantly with their decision to tutor as their part-time job.
This report gives an in-depth look at the major factors influencing competitiveness in Latin America, trying to assess the position of these countries, as well as indicating policies and actions to be promoted to improve their current situation.
This is the third of three volumes containing a report from the International Panel on Social Progress (IPSP). The IPSP is an independent association of top research scholars with the goal of assessing methods for improving the main institutions of modern societies. Written in accessible language by scholars across the social sciences and humanities, these volumes assess the achievements of world societies in past centuries, the current trends, the dangers that we are now facing, and the possible futures in the twenty-first century. It covers the main socio-economic, political, and cultural dimensions of social progress, global as well as regional issues, and the diversity of challenges and their interplay around the world. This particular volume covers topics such as world cultures and religions, families, global health, education, and the contributions of social sciences to institutional change.
