Cities Transformed
Cities Transformed

Author: Mark R. Montgomery

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-10-31

Total Pages: 553

ISBN-13: 1134031661

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Over the next 20 years, most low-income countries will, for the first time, become more urban than rural. Understanding demographic trends in the cities of the developing world is critical to those countries - their societies, economies, and environments. The benefits from urbanization cannot be overlooked, but the speed and sheer scale of this transformation presents many challenges. In this uniquely thorough and authoritative volume, 16 of the world's leading scholars on urban population and development have worked together to produce the most comprehensive and detailed analysis of the changes taking place in cities and their implications and impacts. They focus on population dynamics, social and economic differentiation, fertility and reproductive health, mortality and morbidity, labor force, and urban governance. As many national governments decentralize and devolve their functions, the nature of urban management and governance is undergoing fundamental transformation, with programs in poverty alleviation, health, education, and public services increasingly being deposited in the hands of untested municipal and regional governments. Cities Transformed identifies a new class of policy maker emerging to take up the growing responsibilities. Drawing from a wide variety of data sources, many of them previously inaccessible, this essential text will become the benchmark for all involved in city-level research, policy, planning, and investment decisions. The National Research Council is a private, non-profit institution based in Washington, DC, providing services to the US government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The editors are members of the Council's Panel on Urban Population Dynamics.

Agent-Based Computational Demography
Agent-Based Computational Demography

Author: Francesco C. Billari

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 3790827150

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Agent-Based Computational Demography (ABCD) aims at starting a new stream of research among social scientists whose interests lie in understanding demographic behaviour. The book takes a micro-demographic (agent-based) perspective and illustrates the potentialities of computer simulation as an aid in theory building. The chapters of the book, written by leading experts either in demography or in agent-based modelling, address several key questions. Why do we need agent-based computational demography? How can ABCD be applied to the study of migrations, family demography, and historical demography? What are the peculiarities of agent-based models as applied to the demography of human populations? ABCD is of interest to all scientists interested in studying demographic behaviour, as well as to computer scientists and modellers who are looking for a promising field of application.

The Continuing Epidemiological Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa
The Continuing Epidemiological Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2012-10-01

Total Pages: 47

ISBN-13: 0309266513

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Among the poorest and least developed regions in the world, sub-Saharan Africa has long faced a heavy burden of disease, with malaria, tuberculosis, and, more recently, HIV being among the most prominent contributors to that burden. Yet in most parts of Africa-and especially in those areas with the greatest health care needs-the data available to health planners to better understand and address these problems are extremely limited. The vast majority of Africans are born and will die without being recorded in any document or spearing in official statistics. With few exceptions, African countries have no civil registration systems in place and hence are unable to continuously generate vital statistics or to provide systematic information on patterns of cause of death, relying instead on periodic household-level surveys or intense and continuous monitoring of small demographic surveillance sites to provide a partial epidemiological and demographic profile of the population. In 1991 the Committee on Population of the National Academy of Sciences organized a workshop on the epidemiological transition in developing countries. The workshop brought together medical experts, epidemiologists, demographers, and other social scientists involved in research on the epidemiological transition in developing countries to discuss the nature of the ongoing transition, identify the most important contributors to the overall burden of disease, and discuss how such information could be used to assist policy makers in those countries to establish priorities with respect to the prevention and management of the main causes of ill health. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from a workshop convened in October 2011 that featured invited speakers on the topic of epidemiological transition in sub-Saharan Africa. The workshop was organized by a National Research Council panel of experts in various aspects of the study of epidemiological transition and of sub-Saharan data sources. The Continuing Epidemiological Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa serves as a factual summary of what occurred at the workshop in October 2011.

Indigenous Peoples and Demography
Indigenous Peoples and Demography

Author: Per Axelsson

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2011-08-01

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 0857450034

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When researchers want to study indigenous populations they are dependent upon the highly variable way in which states or territories enumerate, categorise and differentiate indigenous people. In this volume, anthropologists, historians, demographers and sociologists have come together for the first time to examine the historical and contemporary construct of indigenous people in a number of fascinating geographical contexts around the world, including Canada, the United States, Colombia, Russia, Scandinavia, the Balkans and Australia. Using historical and demographical evidence, the contributors explore the creation and validity of categories for enumerating indigenous populations, the use and misuse of ethnic markers, micro-demographic investigations, and demographic databases, and thereby show how the situation varies substantially between countries.

Computer Science and Statistics: Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on the Interface
Computer Science and Statistics: Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on the Interface

Author: W. F. Eddy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 375

ISBN-13: 1461394643

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The 13th Symposium on the Interface continued this series after a one year pause. The objective of these symposia is to provide a forum for the interchange of ideas of common concern to computer scientists and statisticians. The sessions of the 13th Symposium were held in the Pittsburgh Hilton Hotel, Gateway Center, Pittsburgh. Following established custom the 13th Symposium had organized workshops on various topics of interest to participants. The workshop format allowed the invited speakers to present their material variously as formal talks, tutorial sessions and open discussion. The Symposium schedule was also the customary one. Registration opened in late afternoon of March 11, 1981 and continued during the opening mixer held that evening: The formal opening of the Symposium was on the morning of March 12. The opening remarks were followed by Bradley Efron's address "Statistical Theory and the Computer." The rest of the daily schedule was three concurrent workshops in the morning and three in the afternoon with contributed poster sessions during the noon break. Additionally there were several commercial displays and guided tours of Carnegie-Mellon University's Computer Center, Computer Science research facilities, and Robotics Institute.

Developments in Demographic Forecasting
Developments in Demographic Forecasting

Author: Stefano Mazzuco

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-09-28

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 3030424723

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This open access book presents new developments in the field of demographic forecasting, covering both mortality, fertility and migration. For each component emerging methods to forecast them are presented. Moreover, instruments for forecasting evaluation are provided. Bayesian models, nonparametric models, cohort approaches, elicitation of expert opinion, evaluation of probabilistic forecasts are some of the topics covered in the book. In addition, the book is accompanied by complementary material on the web allowing readers to practice with some of the ideas exposed in the book. Readers are encouraged to use this material to apply the new methods to their own data. The book is an important read for demographers, applied statisticians, as well as other social scientists interested or active in the field of population forecasting. Professional population forecasters in statistical agencies will find useful new ideas in various chapters.