Structure-Property Relationships of Polymeric Solids
Structure-Property Relationships of Polymeric Solids

Author: Anne Hiltner

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 1468446134

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This book contains a collection of original research papers which were presented in honor of the Bordon Award recipient, Professor Eric Baer, on the occasion of the 55th Meeting of the American Chemical Society (Atlanta, Georgia, March, 1981). The contributors are present or former colleagues and students who have worked with him in the Department of Macromolecular Science at Case Institute of Technology of Case Western Reserve University. Throughout his work, Eric Baer has attempted to find the relation ships of solid state structure and hierarchy to the resultant pro perties from which specific functions are derived. Although he has studied many seemingly unrelated subjects, from irreversible de formation, mechanics and yield processes in amorphous polymeric solids to structural organization and mechanical function of ten don, his unique goal has been to develop models from the real structure that would allow a quantitative description of properties. Today, this area of "microscience" is rapidly expanding as new and sophisticated applications of polymeric materials with multifunc tional properties are emerging from our understanding and control of the solid state. The wide-ranging ideas and the original ity of Professor Baer's contributions have stimulated many new concepts which are now widely accepted in the field of high polymers. The contributions to this volume represent many of the areas which he has explored.

Polymeric Liquid Crystals
Polymeric Liquid Crystals

Author: Alexandre Blumstein

Publisher: Springer

Published: 1985-03-01

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13:

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This book originated in the Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Polymeric Liquid Crystals held by the Division of Polymer Chemistry in the framework of the 1983 Fall Meeting of the American Chemical Society. At the First Symposium in 1977, the literature in this field could be encompassed in a single volume. To day, that is no longer possible. The field of Polymeric Liquid Crystals grew, and continues to grow, at a very rapid pace. At present, we know of every major mesophase in its polymeric form and of polymeric glasses, elastomers and fluids in their liquid crystalline form. Every year, new polymeric mesophases are being discovered. The aim of this book is to go beyond a compilation of papers presented at the 1983 ACS Fall Meeting. It is conceived as a learning tool for the benefit of the sci entist interested in Polymeric Liquid Crystals. The book is divided into three sections. The first section contains articles discussing synthetic, physico chemical, structural and rheological aspects of Polymeric Liquid Crystals in their generality. A chapter on methods currently used in this field is also included. There are also chapters on theoretical and classification aspects of PLCs. These self-contained tutorial chapters provide an introduction to this field as well as to the specific papers given in the book. They provide an exhaustive cover age of literature on the subject from its inception to the present.

Structure—Property Relationships in Polymers
Structure—Property Relationships in Polymers

Author: Charles E. Carraher Jr.

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 1468447483

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The first concern of scientists who are interested in synthetic polymers has always been, and still is: How are they synthesized? But right after this comes the question: What have I made, and for what is it good? This leads to the important topic of the structure-property relations to which this book is devoted. Polymers are very large and very complicated systems; their character ization has to begin with the chemical composition, configuration, and con formation of the individual molecule. The first chapter is devoted to this broad objective. The immediate physical consequences, discussed in the second chapter, form the basis for the physical nature of polymers: the supermolecular interactions and arrangements of the individual macromolecules. The third chapter deals with the important question: How are these chemical and physical structures experimentally determined? The existing methods for polymer characterization are enumerated and discussed in this chapter. The following chapters go into more detail. For most applications-textiles, films, molded or extruded objects of all kinds-the mechanical and the thermal behaviors of polymers are of pre ponderant importance, followed by optical and electric properties. Chapters 4 through 9 describe how such properties are rooted in and dependent on the chemical structure. More-detailed considerations are given to certain particularly important and critical properties such as the solubility and permeability of polymeric systems. Macromolecules are not always the final goal of the chemist-they may act as intermediates, reactants, or catalysts. This topic is presented in Chapters 10 and 11.

Properties of Polymers
Properties of Polymers

Author: D.W. van Krevelen

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 898

ISBN-13: 0444596127

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Properties of Polymers: Their Correlation with Chemical Structure; Their Numerical Estimation and Prediction from Additive Group Contributions summarizes the latest developments regarding polymers, their properties in relation to chemical structure, and methods for estimating and predicting numerical properties from chemical structure. In particular, it examines polymer electrical properties, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties, as well as their crystallization and environmental behavior and failure. The rheological properties of polymer melts and polymer solutions are also considered. Organized into seven parts encompassing 27 chapters, this book begins with an overview of polymer science and engineering, including the typology of polymers and their properties. It then turns to a discussion of thermophysical properties, from transition temperatures to volumetric and calorimetric properties, along with the cohesive aspects and conformation statistics. It also introduces the reader to the behavior of polymers in electromagnetic and mechanical fields of force. The book covers the quantities that influence the transport of heat, momentum, and matter, particularly heat conductivity, viscosity, and diffusivity; properties that control the chemical stability and breakdown of polymers; and polymer properties as an integral concept, with emphasis on processing and product properties. Readers will find tables that give valuable (numerical) data on polymers and include a survey of the group contributions (increments) of almost every additive function considered. This book is a valuable resource for anyone working on practical problems in the field of polymers, including organic chemists, chemical engineers, polymer processers, polymer technologists, and both graduate and PhD students.

Polymer Structure Characterization
Polymer Structure Characterization

Author: Richard Arthur Pethrick

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 0854044663

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This book brings together, in a logical fashion, the way in which molecular interactions lead to the observedmorphologies in crystalline organic materials and polymers. It is arranged into self contained chapters on various aspects of materials science and includes discussions of topics such as crystal growth, polymer morphology, amorphous glassy materials, polymer phase separation and structure and organisation in materials. The main feature of this title is that, within a single volume, a range of topics is covered which normally would only be found in a number of separate volumes. It is aimed at polymer - materials scientists but will also be of interest to chemists and physics students interested in the properties of organic materials.

Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials
Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials

Author: Theodore Eliades

Publisher: Woodhead Publishing

Published: 2016-11-22

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0081003994

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Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials: A Clinical Guide reviews the applications of biomaterials and their effects on enamel preparation, bonding, bracket and archwire ligation, mechanotherapy, debonding, and long-term enamel structural, color, and surface effects. The book provides a step-by-step analysis of the phenomena occurring, their clinical importance, and their underlying cause without the use of complex mathematical or physical-chemical analyses, with the goal of providing 'digestible' evidence for the clinician. - Serves as a reference source of the spectrum of biomaterials used in orthodontics - Presents the most current evidence of state-of-the-art methods of materials research - Provides substantiation for the effects occurring during the materials' uses

Modification of Polymer Properties
Modification of Polymer Properties

Author: Carlos Federico Jasso-Gastinel

Publisher: William Andrew

Published: 2016-09-14

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 0323443982

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Modification of Polymer Properties provides, for the first time, in one title, the latest information on gradient IPNs and gradient copolymers. The book covers the broad range of polymer modification routes in a fresh, current view representing a timely addition to the technical literature of this important area. Historically, blends, copolymers, or filled polymers have been developed to meet specific properties, or to optimize the cost/properties relationship. Using the gradient structure approach with conventional radical polymerization, it has been shown that it is possible to optimize properties if appropriate gradients in the composition of copolymer chains are obtained. An overview of the gradient structure approach for designing polymers has not appeared in the recent literature and this title covers the different methods used to modify properties, offering the whole range of ways to modify polymers in just one volume and making this an attractive option for a wide audience of practitioners. The approach for each chapter is to explain the fundamental principles of preparation, cover properties modification, describe future research and applications as examples of materials that may be prepared for specific applications, or that are already in use, in present day applications. The book is for readers that have a basic background in polymer science, as well as those interested in the different ways to combine or modify polymer properties. - Provides an integrated view on how to modify polymer properties - Presents the entire panorama of polymer properties modification in one reference, covering the essential information in each topic - Includes the optimization of properties using gradients in polymers composition or structure

Modern Charge-Density Analysis
Modern Charge-Density Analysis

Author: Carlo Gatti

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-01-09

Total Pages: 800

ISBN-13: 9048138353

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Focusing on developments from the past 10-15 years, this volume presents an objective overview of the research in charge density analysis. The most promising methodologies are included, in addition to powerful interpretative tools and a survey of important areas of research.

Mineral Fillers in Thermoplastics I
Mineral Fillers in Thermoplastics I

Author: Josef Jancar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1998-12-04

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 3540646213

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In recent years, a growing number of engineering applications of light weight and energy efficient plastics can be found in high quality parts vital to the func tioning of entire equipments and structures. Improved mechanical properties, especially balance of stiffness and toughness, are among the most frequently desired features of the new materials. In addition, reduced flammability is con sidered the single most important requirement for further expansion of plastics into large volume and demanding markets such as construction and mass trans port. Production of power cables also requires flame retardant cable jacketing plastics to replace or at least to reduce consumption of environmentally unsound PVC. The two principal ways to achieve the goals mentioned above include the development of completely new thermoplastic polymers and various modifica tions of the existing ones. Development and commercialization of a new ther moplastic require mobilization of large human and financial resources, the lat ter being within the range from $100 million to $10 billion, in comparison to $100 thousand to $10 million needed to develop and commercialize polymeric mate rial with prescribed end use properties using physical or chemical modification of an existing plastic. In addition, the various markets utilizing thermoplastics demand large flexibility in material properties with only moderate volumes, at the best.