This book focuses on the translation of English academic texts into German, closely analysing the structural and discourse properties of original sentences and their possible translations. It consists of six chapters, with more than a hundred carefully discussed examples, and presents the author s results of a series of research projects which have successively dealt with the typologically determined conditions for discourse-appropriate uses of word order, case, voice (perspective) and structural explicitness in simple and complex sentences or sequences of sentences. The theoretical and methodological assumptions of the book follow a basically generative approach in studying the interaction between semantic-pragmatic and phonological-syntactic properties of the linguistic forms as they are involved in the perception of written language. The linguistic and psycholinguistic models accessed are also introduced in detail to promote comprehension for the interested reader with an alternative theoretical background, whether scholar, student or translator.
Schwartzman's study of the first Portuguese republic demonstrates the significant ways in which a nation's social and political structures are shaped by its position in the global economy.
"The first Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB), will be held January 3-6, 1996 at the Ritz Carlton Hotel on the Big Island of Hawaii. PSB will bring together top researchers from North America, the Asian Pacific nations, Europe, and around the world, to exchange research results and address open issues in all aspects of computational biology. Replacing and extending the last three years of Biotechnology Computing Tracks at the Hawaiian International Conference on System Sciences, PSB will provide a forum for the presentation of work in databases, algorithms, interfaces, visualization, modelling and other computational methods, as applied to biological problems, with emphasis on applications in data-rich areas of molecular biology. The PSB is focussed into 4 tracks, 4 minitracks, 2 workshops and includes two invited keynote speakers, viz., Logical Simulation of Biomolecular Information Pathways (Minoru Kanehisa, Kyoto Univ.) and CEX and the Single Chemist (David Weimger, DAYLIGHT Chemical Info. Syst.)"--Publisher's website.
The word revolution has a number of definitions (The American Heritage Dictionary, 2006). The one most pertinent to this series and volume is 'a sudden or momentous change in a situation'. Recent years have seen an unprecedented explosion of interest in unfolded proteins in all of their various forms. Coupled with this increase in interest we have seen momentous changes in the way unfolded proteins are viewed. Two particular paradigms have come under close scrutiny: unfolded proteins are disordered random coils devoid of persistent structure, and protein function first requires protein structure. The first of these is currently a hotly debated subject. The second paradigm we can safely claim has been overturned. There is a second definition of revolution that is quite relevant to a significant portion of the work reviewed herein, in particular those chapters dealing with local and persistent structure in unfolded proteins. That definition is 'a turning or rotational motion about an axis' (The American Heritage Dictionary, 2006). About four decades ago, Charles Tanford (1968) demonstrated that highly denatured proteins possess hydrodynamic properties consistent with Paul Flory's random coil (Flory, 1969). Given that the Flory random coil definition included the stipulation that conformers making up the denatured state ensemble would differ in energy by just a few kT, there has been the assumption that denatured states must therefore be completely random in nature with no persistent structure or biases towards particular conformers. Notably however, Tanford did note the random coil-like hydrodynamic data he obtained did not necessarily rule out the presence of structure in denatured proteins (Tanford, 1968). Around the same time, Sam Krimm and M. Lois Tiffany noted that the CD spectra they obtained for proteins in the presence of high concentration of chemical denaturants had similarities to spectra obtained for homopolymers of proline, lysine, and glutamic acid in water (Tiffany and Krimm, 1968a, 1968b, 1973, 1974). Homopolymers of these residues were known to adopt the left-handed polyproline II conformation, leading Tiffany and Krimm to hypothesise that highly denatured proteins possess significant polyproline II helix content. Of these two views, that espousing the lack of structure in denatured proteins became more widely adopted and was, over time, adopted as a central paradigm in protein folding. As several of the chapters in this volume note, a Tiffany and Krimm-like view appears to be, to some extent, the more correct one. The level to which it is correct is still unknown, although it is clear that the polyproline II helical conformation is not the only, perhaps not even the most common, persistent conformation present in unfolded proteins. Thus we have come through a full circle or revolution. (from the preface)
The second volume continues to fill the gap in protein review and protocol literature. It does this while summarizing recent achievements in the understanding of the relationships between protein misfoldings, aggregation, and development of protein deposition disorders. The focus of Part B is the molecular basis of differential disorders.
Practical Propensity Score Methods Using R by Walter Leite is a practical book that uses a step-by-step analysis of realistic examples to help students understand the theory and code for implementing propensity score analysis with the R statistical language. With a comparison of both well-established and cutting-edge propensity score methods, the text highlights where solid guidelines exist to support best practices and where there is scarcity of research. Readers will find that this scaffolded approach to R and the book’s free online resources help them apply the text’s concepts to the analysis of their own data.
Provides readers with a systematic review of the origins, history, and statistical foundations of Propensity Score Analysis (PSA) and illustrates how it can be used for solving evaluation and causal-inference problems.
Key documents and essential facts, combined with a strong theoretical framework - this new textbook clarifies the Gulf War of 1991, puts it in the context of the changing international order and identifies long-term consequences.
Most research and writing on railway history has been undertaken in a way that disconnects it from the wider cultural milieu. Authors have been very effective at constructing specialist histories of transport, but have failed to register the railway's central importance in the representation and understanding of modernity. This book brings together contributions from a range of established scholars in a variety of disciplines with the central purpose of exploring the railway less as a transport technology than as a key signifier of capitalist modernity. It examines the complex social relations in which the railway became historically embedded, identifying it as a central problematic in the cultural experience of modernity. It avoids the limitations of both the close-sighted empiricism typical of many transport historians and the long-sighted generalizations of cultural commentators who view the railway merely as a shorthand for the concept of progress over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The book draws on a diverse range of materials, including literary and historical forms of representation. It is also informed by a creative application of various critical theories.
