The Not-So-Special Interests
The Not-So-Special Interests

Author: Matt Grossmann

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2012-04-11

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 0804781346

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"Lobbyist" tends to be used as a dirty word in politics. Indeed, during the 2008 presidential primary campaign, Hillary Clinton was derided for even suggesting that some lobbyists represent "real Americans." But although many popular commentators position interest groups as representatives of special—not "public"—interests, much organized advocacy is designed to advance public interests and ideas. Advocacy organizations—more than 1,600 of them—are now an important component of national political institutions. This book uses original data to explain why certain public groups, such as Jews, lawyers, and gun-owners, develop substantially more representation than others, and why certain organizations become the presumed spokespersons for these groups in government and media. In contrast to established theory and conventional wisdom, this book demonstrates that groups of all sizes and types generate advocates to speak on their behalf, though with varying levels of success. Matt Grossmann finds that the advantages of organized representation accrue to those public groups that are the most politically motivated and involved in their communities. Organizations that mobilize members and create a long-lasting presence in Washington become, in the minds of policymakers and reporters, the taken-for-granted surrogates for these public groups. In the face of perennial debates about the relative power of the people and the special interests, Grossmann offers an informed and nuanced view of the role of organizations in public representation and American governance.

Representation of Lie Groups and Special Functions
Representation of Lie Groups and Special Functions

Author: N.Ja. Vilenkin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-04-17

Total Pages: 518

ISBN-13: 9401728852

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In 1991-1993 our three-volume book "Representation of Lie Groups and Spe cial Functions" was published. When we started to write that book (in 1983), editors of "Kluwer Academic Publishers" expressed their wish for the book to be of encyclopaedic type on the subject. Interrelations between representations of Lie groups and special functions are very wide. This width can be explained by existence of different types of Lie groups and by richness of the theory of their rep resentations. This is why the book, mentioned above, spread to three big volumes. Influence of representations of Lie groups and Lie algebras upon the theory of special functions is lasting. This theory is developing further and methods of the representation theory are of great importance in this development. When the book "Representation of Lie Groups and Special Functions" ,vol. 1-3, was under preparation, new directions of the theory of special functions, connected with group representations, appeared. New important results were discovered in the traditional directions. This impelled us to write a continuation of our three-volume book on relationship between representations and special functions. The result of our further work is the present book. The three-volume book, published before, was devoted mainly to studying classical special functions and orthogonal polynomials by means of matrix elements, Clebsch-Gordan and Racah coefficients of group representations and to generaliza tions of classical special functions that were dictated by matrix elements of repre sentations.

The Role of Special Education Interest Groups in National Policy
The Role of Special Education Interest Groups in National Policy

Author: Tiina Itkonen

Publisher: Cambria Press

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 1604976268

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This is an important book for readers with a specific interest in special education policy and political scientists who are more generally interested in the broader questions of public policy making. Itkonen investigates what types of groups participate in special education somewhere on a continuum between interest group and social movement; the relationship between group types and how they frame policy interests; how groups negotiate differences among themselves and with policy makers; and the relationships between a group's organizational character, its choice of targets and strategies, how it frames its policy interest, its arenas of action, its effectiveness in the legislative and judicial arenas, and the kinds of issue positions it takes.

Special Groups
Special Groups

Author: M. A. Dickmann

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 271

ISBN-13: 0821820575

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This monograph presents a systematic study of Special Groups, a first-order universal-existential axiomatization of the theory of quadratic forms, which comprises the usual theory over fields of characteristic different from 2, and is dual to the theory of abstract order spaces. The heart of our theory begins in Chapter 4 with the result that Boolean algebras have a natural structure of reduced special group. More deeply, every such group is canonically and functorially embedded in a certain Boolean algebra, its Boolean hull. This hull contains a wealth of information about the structure of the given special group, and much of the later work consists in unveiling it. Thus, in Chapter 7 we introduce two series of invariants "living" in the Boolean hull, which characterize the isometry of forms in any reduced special group. While the multiplicative series--expressed in terms of meet and symmetric difference--constitutes a Boolean version of the Stiefel-Whitney invariants, the additive series--expressed in terms of meet and join--, which we call Horn-Tarski invariants, does not have a known analog in the field case; however, the latter have a considerably more regular behaviour. We give explicit formulas connecting both series, and compute explicitly the invariants for Pfister forms and their linear combinations. In Chapter 9 we combine Boolean-theoretic methods with techniques from Galois cohomology and a result of Voevodsky to obtain an affirmative solution to a long standing conjecture of Marshall concerning quadratic forms over formally real Pythagorean fields. Boolean methods are put to work in Chapter 10 to obtain information about categories of special groups, reduced or not. And again in Chapter 11 to initiate the model-theoretic study of the first-order theory of reduced special groups, where, amongst other things we determine its model-companion. The first-order approach is also present in the study of some outstanding classes of morphisms carried out in Chapter 5, e.g., the pure embeddings of special groups. Chapter 6 is devoted to the study of special groups of continuous functions.

Critical Librarianship
Critical Librarianship

Author: Samantha Schmehl Hines

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing

Published: 2020-08-17

Total Pages: 176

ISBN-13: 1839094842

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This book offers a timely mix of thought-provoking chapters bringing together national and global studies on critical librarianship, and conveying the kind of research which current library managers and researchers need, mixing theory with a good dose of pragmatism.

Representation of Lie Groups and Special Functions
Representation of Lie Groups and Special Functions

Author: N.Ja. Vilenkin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 635

ISBN-13: 940113538X

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This is the first of three major volumes which present a comprehensive treatment of the theory of the main classes of special functions from the point of view of the theory of group representations. This volume deals with the properties of classical orthogonal polynomials and special functions which are related to representations of groups of matrices of second order and of groups of triangular matrices of third order. This material forms the basis of many results concerning classical special functions such as Bessel, MacDonald, Hankel, Whittaker, hypergeometric, and confluent hypergeometric functions, and different classes of orthogonal polynomials, including those having a discrete variable. Many new results are given. The volume is self-contained, since an introductory section presents basic required material from algebra, topology, functional analysis and group theory. For research mathematicians, physicists and engineers.

Housing for Special Groups
Housing for Special Groups

Author: Sam Stuart

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2014-05-09

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 1483181987

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Housing for Special Groups contains the proceedings of an international seminar held in the Netherlands on November 8-13, 1976 under the auspices of the Committee on Housing, Building and Planning of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. The seminar provided a forum for discussing the special housing requirements of certain groups, including the elderly and the handicapped. The emphasis is on the scope and size of special housing problems and their likely future evolution, as well as the general lines of approach adopted by various countries to tackle these problems. The discussions are organized around three themes: specific housing needs in relation to overall housing policy; social principles, including financial aid; and architectural, planning, and technical aspects. The issues covered include the right to housing and the integration of such housing into the community and the avoidance of segregation; the possibility of housing choice; the relationship between the life-cycle of households and housing needs; and the architecture, planning, and technical aspects of housing for special groups in western Europe and eastern Europe. The possibilities offered both by new production and by alterations to existing buildings are considered. This monograph will be of interest to housing officials and policymakers.

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Author: Roger Finch

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2012-01-05

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 0191628654

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Antimicrobial agents are essential for the treatment of life-threatening infections and for managing the burden of minor infections in the community. In addition, they play a key role in organ and bone marrow transplantation, cancer chemotherapy, artificial joint and heart valve surgery. Unlike other classes of medicines, they are vulnerable to resistance from mutations in target microorganisms, and their adverse effects may extend to other patients (increased risk of cross-infection). As a consequence, there is a constant requirement for new agents, as well as practices that ensure the continued effective prescribing of licensed agents. Public awareness and concerns about drug resistant organisms has led to widespread publicity and political action in the UK, Europe and worldwide. The control of drug resistance and the implementation of good prescribing practice are now legal requirements in the UK as a result of the UK Health Act (2008). These fundamental changes underscore the need for a thorough understanding of the advantages and risks associated with specific antibiotic choices. This sixth edition of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy continues to be a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates requiring a thorough grounding in the scientific basis and clinical application of these drugs. This new edition is updated to include the most recently licensed agents, notably in the treatment of viral infections including HIV/AIDS, and contains new guidance on prescribing practice and infection control practices that limit the development and spread of resistant organisms.