Some Studies of Isothermal and Thermal Diffusion in Liquid Systems
Author: Jack Graham Firth
Publisher:
Published: 1961
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
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Author: Jack Graham Firth
Publisher:
Published: 1961
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: H. J. V. Tyrrell
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Published: 2013-10-22
Total Pages: 465
ISBN-13: 1483100898
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDiffusion in Liquids: A Theoretical and Experimental Study aims to discuss the principles, applications, and advances in the field of diffusion, thermal diffusion, and thermal conduction in liquid systems. The book covers topics such as the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics; diffusion in binary and multicompetent systems; and experimental methods of studying diffusion processes in liquids. Also covered in the book are topics such as the theoretical interpretations of diffusion coefficients; hydrodynamic and kinetic theories; and diffusion in electrolyte systems. The text is recommended for physicists who would like to know more about the concepts and updates in the field of diffusion.
Author: R.S. Agrawal
Publisher:
Published: 1972
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Guy Barry Wirth
Publisher:
Published: 1968
Total Pages: 324
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Edward Von Halle
Publisher:
Published: 1959
Total Pages: 370
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Robert Worthington Dawley
Publisher:
Published: 1922
Total Pages: 94
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Sascha Datta
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Published: 2011-12-20
Total Pages: 209
ISBN-13: 373693971X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThermal diffusion (or the Soret effect) describes the diffusion of matter in the presence of a temperature gradient. Although this process is studied and applied since more than 100 years the underlying molecular mechanism in liquids is still far from being understood. Colloidal dispersions are versatile model systems to study the thermal diffusion behavior of large particles in a solvent. However, the synthesis of colloidal particles with identical morphology is a complex task. On the other hand aqueous surfactant solutions and microemulsions are promising systems to study the Soret effect. Compared to colloidal particles the aggregates form spontaneously and do not require any additional stabilisation. Furthermore the radius and the shape of the diffusing aggregates, as well as their interfacial tension can be systematically adjusted via the variation of the composition and temperature. In order to address some important aspects of the thermal diffusion behavior three different types of self-assembled surfactant systems were formulated and systematically studied: (i) At first the role of the ionic dye Basantol® Yellow 215, which causes an unexpected two-mode signal in the classical Thermal Diffusion Forced Rayleigh Scattering (TDFRS) experiment [Ning et al. Progr Colloid Polym Sci (2006) 133: 111–115], is examined using the system H2O – C12E6. Systematic phase behavior studies and small angle neutron scattering experiments (SANS) proved that the dye is incorporated into the aggregates like an ionic co-surfactant, influencing not only the thermal diffusion behavior but also the overall properties of the systems. These results strongly suggest that one should refrain from the use of surface-active dyes in TDFRS experiments on self-assembled systems. (ii) To study the dependence of the Soret coefficient ST on the radius of the aggregates and the slope of the interfacial tension, both being controversially discussed in the literature, different microemulsions of the type H2O – C12E5 –n-alkane were formulated that allow for an isothermal study of these dependencies. Correlating the results of the systematic SANS and interfacial tension measurements with the Soret coefficient ST it was found that within the measurement range ST depends almost linearly on the droplet radius, the slope of the interfacial tension as well as on the product of both quantities. (iii) In the last part systematic surface tension and TDFRS measurements were performed in binary aqueous n-alkyl glucoside (CiGj) solutions to study the thermal diffusion behavior around the critical micelle concentration (cmc). The obtained results clearly show that the Soret coefficient exhibits an abrupt change at the cmc. To sum up, this work shows that aqueous surfactant systems and microemulsions are eminently suited to elucidate some of the underlying molecular mechanism of the Soret effect.
Author: Terry Grant Anderson
Publisher:
Published: 1968
Total Pages: 578
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: D. O. Raleigh
Publisher:
Published: 1961
Total Pages: 26
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: United States. Office of Saline Water
Publisher:
Published: 1965
Total Pages: 978
ISBN-13:
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