Interpretation of Micromorphological Features of Soils and Regoliths
Interpretation of Micromorphological Features of Soils and Regoliths

Author: Georges Stoops

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2018-09-17

Total Pages: 1002

ISBN-13: 0444635424

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Interpretation of Micromorphological Features of Soils and Regoliths, Second Edition, provides researchers and students with a tool for interpreting features observed in soil thin sections and through submicroscopic studies. After an introduction and general overview, micromorphological aspects of regoliths (e.g., saprolites, transported materials) are highlighted, followed by a systematic and coherent discussion of the micromorphological expression of various pedogenic processes. The book is written by an international team of experts in the field, using a uniform set of concepts and terminology, making it a valuable interdisciplinary reference work. The following topics are treated: freeze-thaw features, redoximorphic features, calcareous and gypsiferous formations, textural features, spodic and oxic horizons, volcanic materials, organic matter, surface horizons, laterites, surface crusts, salt minerals, biogenic and pedogenic siliceous materials, other authigenic silicates, phosphates, sulphidic and sulphuric materials, and features related to faunal activity. The last chapters address anthropogenic features,archaeological materials and palaeosoils. - Updates the first exhaustive publication on interpretation of micromorphological features, with some new chapters and with a larger number of additional references - Covers related topics, making micromorphology more attractive and accessible for geomorphologists, archaeologists and quaternary geologists Includes thematic treatment of a range of soil micromorphology fields and broadens its applications - Features input from a multi-disciplinary team, ensuring thorough coverage of topics related to soil science, archaeology and geomorphology

A Visual Atlas for Soil Micromorphologists
A Visual Atlas for Soil Micromorphologists

Author: Eric P. Verrecchia

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 3030678067

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This open access atlas is an up-to-date visual resource on the features and structures observed in soil thin sections, i.e. soil micromorphology. The book addresses the growing interest in soil micromorphology in the fields of soil science, earth science, archaeology and forensic science, and serves as a reference tool for researchers and students for fast learning and intuitive feature and structure recognition. The book is divided into six parts and contains hundreds of images and photomicrographs. Part one is devoted to the way to sample properly soils, the method of preparation of thin sections, the main tool of soil micromorphology (the microscope), and the approach of soil micromorphology as a scientific method. Part two focuses on the organisation of soil fragments and presents the concept of fabric. Part three addresses the basic components, e.g. rocks, minerals, organic compounds and anthropogenic features. Part four lists all the various types of pedogenic features observed in a soil, i.e. the imprint of pedogenesis. Part five gives interpretations of features associated with the main processes at work in soils and paleosols. Part six presents a view of what the future of soil micromorphology could be. Finally, the last part consists of the index and annexes, including the list of mineral formulas. This atlas will be of interest to researchers, academics, and students, who will find it a convenient tool for the self-teaching of soil micromorphology by using comparative photographs.

Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology
Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology

Author: Cristiano Nicosia

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2017-08-10

Total Pages: 500

ISBN-13: 1118941071

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Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology goes beyond a mere review of current literature and features the most up to date contributions from numerous scientists working in the field. The book represents a groundbreaking and comprehensive resource covering the plethora of applications of micromorphology in archaeology. Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology offers researchers, students and professionals a systematic tool for the interpretation of thin sections of archaeological contexts. This important resource is also designed to help stimulate the use of micromorphology in archaeology outside Europe, where the technique is less frequently employed. Moreover, the authors hope to strengthen the proper application of soil micromorphology in archaeology, by illustrating its possibilities and referring in several cases to more specialized publications (for instance in the field of plant remains, pottery and phytoliths). Written for anyone interested in the topic, this important text offers: Contributions from most of the world's leading authorities on soil micromorphology A series of chapters on the major topics selected among the most recurrent in literature about archaeological soil micromorphology Systematic descriptions of all important micromorphological features Special analytical tools employed on thin sections, such as SEM/EDS, image analysis, fluorescence microscopy, mass spectrometry, among others Numerous cross-references 400 illustrated full-colour plates The resource provides the most current and essential information for archaeologists, geoarchaeologists, soil scientists and sedimentologists. Comprehensive in scope, Archaeological Soil and Sediment Micromorphology offers professionals and students a much-needed tool for the interpretation of thin sections of archaeological contexts.

Micromorphology of Soils
Micromorphology of Soils

Author: E. A. FitzPatrick

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 9400955448

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One of the first major studies of weathering and soil formation was made by Harrison (1933) who used thin sections in association with other procedures to study the transformation of minerals in different kinds of rock under the tropical conditions of Guyana. However, Kubiena (1938) is regarded as pioneering thin section studies of soils and during the last two decades there has been a rapid increase in the number of publications devoted almost exclusively to the study of soils in thin sections. In addition to the rather straightforward examinations with the polarizing microscope, thin section techniques are being linked with X-ray diffraction, X-ray microprobe, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, microbiological and other procedures to obtain a fuller insight into the composition and genesis of soils. Thus the study of thin sections of soils is now a major pedological technique for investigating small details in the nature, type and degree of organization of the soil fabric and structure. Thin sections reveal that particles of various sizes and composition react differently to pedological processes and become weathered or organized to form many specific patterns. This book is an attempt to give a comprehensive treatment of thin section studies of soils. Although primarily about the study of thin sections with optical microscopes a few transmission and scanning electron photomicro graphs are included to confirm the inferences based upon the studies made with the optical microscope.

Applied Soils and Micromorphology in Archaeology
Applied Soils and Micromorphology in Archaeology

Author: Richard I. Macphail

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 631

ISBN-13: 1107011388

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This book uniquely focuses on all aspects of archaeological soil micromorphology, based upon the authors' joint sixty years of worldwide studies.

Soil Microscopy and Micromorphology
Soil Microscopy and Micromorphology

Author: Ewart Adsil FitzPatrick

Publisher:

Published: 1993-12-29

Total Pages: 332

ISBN-13:

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Techiniques used is soil micromorphology; Some micromorphological concepts and problems; Properties of features in thin section; Properties of minerals; Matix; Structure and pores; Faunal features; Particle distribution claas; Rock types; Organic matter; Roots; Coatings and other surface features; Segregations, concretions, nodules and concentrations; Weathering featurres and products; Microorganisms; Applications.

Soil Micromorphology: Studies in Management and Genesis
Soil Micromorphology: Studies in Management and Genesis

Author: A.J. Ringrose-Voase

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1994-08-01

Total Pages: 901

ISBN-13: 0080869904

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The papers in this volume cover micromorphological studies of a wide variety of topics, at various scales from ultramicro- to mesoscopic. Topics included are:soil management; soil structure; surface crusts; hardpans and cemented layers; soil biota; soil genesis; hydromorphic soils; paleosols; archeology; and general pedology. The range of papers reflects the growing use of soil micromorphology in understanding soil problems in land-use and the increasing use of quantitative techniques, together with more traditional applications in pedology. The book is well illustrated with micrographs and contains both author and keyword indices.

Soil Micromorphology
Soil Micromorphology

Author: L.A. Douglas

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1990-03-28

Total Pages: 735

ISBN-13: 0080869874

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The book includes selected papers from those presented at the International Working Meeting on Soil Micromorphology in San Antonio, Texas, July 1988. Each section of the book is introduced with an invited plenary paper followed by selected contributed manuscripts. The volume is intended to give the reader insight into the more recent research work involving soil micromorphology and an evaluation of the present day state of the science. New applications of micromorphology to both lunar pedology and archeology are presented. Recently developed methods for staining of microorganisms and thin section fluorescence microscopy are presented. The volume presents a summary of the research findings of the major practitioners of soil morphology and will give the reader insight as to the present state of the discipline. New methods and techniques will be made available to the reader.The book is intended for students, practicing micromorphologists, soil scientists, geologists, and geomorphologists.

Geoarchaeology in Action
Geoarchaeology in Action

Author: Charles French

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005-06-27

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1134482337

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Geoarchaeology in Action provides much-needed 'hands on' methodologies to assist anyone conducting or studying geoarchaeological investigations on sites and in landscapes, irrespective of date, place and environment. The book sets out the essential features of geoarchaeological practice and geomorphological processes, and is deliberately aimed at the archaeologist as practitioner in the field. It explains the basics - what can be expected, what approaches may be taken, and what outcomes might be forthcoming, and asks what we can reasonably expect a micromorphological approach to archaeological contexts, data and problems to tell us. The twelve case studies are taken from Britain, Europe and the Near East. They illustrate how past landscape change can be discovered and deciphered whether you are primarily a digger, environmentalist or soil micromorphologist. Based on the author's extensive experience of investigating buried and eroded landscapes, the book develops new ways of looking at conventional models of landscape change. With an extensive glossary, bibliography and more than 100 illustrations it will be an essential text and reference tool for students, academics and professionals.

New Trends in Soil Micromorphology
New Trends in Soil Micromorphology

Author: Selim Kapur

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-08-17

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 3540791345

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The soil water retention curve, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function are basic soil hydraulic functions and parameters. Ample apprehension of the soil hydraulic functions and parameters is required for a successful formulation of the principles leading to sustainable soil management, agricultural production and environmental protection. From these, all the other parameters, required in the solution of the practical tasks, are derived. The basic soil hydraulic functions are strongly dependent upon the soil porous system. The development of models is characteristic by the gradual transition from the simplest concepts up to the sophisticated approaches, which should correspond to the visual reality studied by soil micromorphology. 2 Soil Porous System and Soil Micromorphometry 2.1 An Overview on the Quantification of the Soil Porous System Quanti? cation of the soil porous system consists of classi? cation of soil pores, ch- acterization of the soil pores shapes and the estimation of the pore size distribution function. When the hydraulic functions of the soil pores are considered, the following laws of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics are applied as best ? tting to the classi? cation criteria of the size of the pores (Kutilek and Nielsen 1994, p. 20, Kutilek 2004): A. Submicroscopic pores that are so small that they preclude clusters of water molecules from forming ? uid particles or continuous water ? ow paths.