Snowfall Rates Obtained from Radar Reflectivity Within a 50 Km Range
Snowfall Rates Obtained from Radar Reflectivity Within a 50 Km Range

Author: Roland J. Boucher

Publisher:

Published: 1981

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The snowy winter of 1978 in Massachusetts allowed five opportunities to test the dependability of a CPS-9, 3.2-cm radar to determine snowfall rate and total snowfall accumulation at up to seven measuring sites within 50 km of the radar. Spaced at intervals of 0.5 -to 1-h, 166 snowfall-rate measurements yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.88. However, in correlating the total storm snowfall, the amount of radar-measured snowfall above a reference snowfall measurement site was made equal to the snowfall actually measured at this location. This calibration technique improved the storm snowfall correlation coefficient to 0.96.

Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water Management
Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water Management

Author: Gert A. Schultz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 498

ISBN-13: 3642595839

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The book provides comprehensive information on possible applications of remote sensing data for hydrological monitoring and modelling as well as for water management decisions. Mathematical theory is provided only as far as it is necessary for understanding the underlying principles. The book is especially timely because of new programs and sensors that are or will be realised. ESA, NASA, NASDA as well as the Indian and the Brazilian Space Agency have recently launched satellites or developed plans for new sensor systems that will be especially pertinent to hydrology and water management. New techniques are presented whose structure differ from conventional hydrological models due to the nature of remotely sensed data.

Measurements of Visibility and Radar Reflectivity During Snowstorms in the AFGL Mesonet
Measurements of Visibility and Radar Reflectivity During Snowstorms in the AFGL Mesonet

Author: H. Stuart Muench

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 40

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Field experiments were conducted with the AFGL Mesonet and FPS-77 digital radar during snowstorms for evaluation of the use of radar to observe and predict snow. Simultaneous measurements of optical extinction coefficient, radar reflectivity, and snow depth were made, together with determinations of visual range. The measurements verify both the calibration of the visibility instruments and the relationship between visual range and extinction coefficient. A relationship found between extinction coefficient and snowfall rate compares well with relationships found by other investigators. Radar reflectivity is found to be related to extinction coefficient, with the correlation being improved by time averaging and by allowance for velocity of snowflakes from the radar beam to the ground. However, the specification errors are of the order of + or - 42 percent to + or - 65 percent, and with the small spatial and temporal variability of extinction coefficient in snow, the radar is of marginal use where observations are available from the airways network. (Author).