The Origins of the Grand Tour
The Origins of the Grand Tour

Author: Michael G. Brennan

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13:

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Focusing upon three previously unpublished accounts of youthful English travellers in Western Europe, Dr Brennan reassesses the early origins of the cultural phenomenon known as the 'Grand Tour' and shows how the basis of the long-term English fascination with the 'Grand Tour' was firmly rooted in the mid-Tudor and early-Stuart periods. The outbreak of the English Civil War during the late-1640s acted as a powerful stimulus to this kind of travel for male members of both royalist and parliamentarian families, as a means of distancing them from the social upheavals back home as well as broadening their intellectual horizons. This study of the experiences of three young Englishmen also considers the various forms in which their travel records have survived, including personal diaries, family letters and formal prose records, and how these texts should now be interpreted not in isolation but alongside the diverse collections of prints, engravings, curiosities, coins and antiquities assembled by such travellers.

Witchcraft, Magic and Superstition in England, 1640–70
Witchcraft, Magic and Superstition in England, 1640–70

Author: Frederick Valletta

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-03-02

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 1351872591

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This study examines the relationship between élite and popular beliefs in witchcraft, magic and superstition in England, analyzing such beliefs against the background of political, religious and social upheaval characteristic of the Civil War, Interregnum and Restoration periods. Belief in witchcraft received new impulses because of the general ferment of religious ideas and the tendency of participants in the Civil Wars to resort to imagery drawn from beliefs about the devil and witches; or to use portents to argue for the wrongs of their opponents. Throughout the work, the author stresses that deeply held superstitions were fundamental to belief in witches, the devil, ghosts, apparitions and supernatural healing. Despite the fact that popular superstitions were often condemned, it was recognized that their propaganda value was too useful to ignore. A host of pamphlets and treatises were published during this period which unashamedly incorporated such beliefs. Valletta here explores the manner in which political and religious authorities somewhat cynically used demonic imagery and language to discredit their opponents and to manipulate popular opinion.

The Levering Family
The Levering Family

Author: Horatio Gates Jones

Publisher: Literary Licensing, LLC

Published: 2014-08-07

Total Pages: 220

ISBN-13: 9781498190732

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This Is A New Release Of The Original 1858 Edition. Or A Genealogical Account Of Wigard Levering And Gerhard Levering, Two Of The Pioneer Settlers Of Roxborough Township, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.