Selected Readings on the History and Use of Old Livestock Breeds
Author:
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Published: 1992
Total Pages: 98
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKIncludes cattle, chickens, horses, pigs and sheep.
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Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 98
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIncludes cattle, chickens, horses, pigs and sheep.
Author: Susan Chapman
Publisher:
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 102
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
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Published: 1992
Total Pages: 1548
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
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Published: 1992
Total Pages: 846
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: National Agricultural Library (U.S.). Public Services Division
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 26
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Animal Welfare Information Center (U.S.)
Publisher:
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 276
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Published: 1990
Total Pages: 420
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor:
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Published: 1990
Total Pages: 116
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DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Janet Vorwald Dohner
Publisher: Yale University Press
Published: 2001-01-01
Total Pages: 528
ISBN-13: 030013813X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"The need to preserve farm animal diversity is increasingly urgent, says the author of this definitive book on endangered breeds of livestock and poultry. Farmyard animals may hold critical keys for our survival, Jan Dohner warns, and with each extinction, genetic traits of potentially vital importance to our agricultural future or to medical progress are forever lost."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Stéphane Joost
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2016-01-28
Total Pages: 295
ISBN-13: 2889197352
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe history of livestock started with the domestication of their wild ancestors: a restricted number of species allowed to be tamed and entered a symbiotic relationship with humans. In exchange for food, shelter and protection, they provided us with meat, eggs, hides, wool and draught power, thus contributing considerably to our economic and cultural development. Depending on the species, domestication took place in different areas and periods. After domestication, livestock spread over all inhabited regions of the earth, accompanying human migrations and becoming also trade objects. This required an adaptation to different climates and varying styles of husbandry and resulted in an enormous phenotypic diversity. Approximately 200 years ago, the situation started to change with the rise of the concept of breed. Animals were selected for the same visible characteristics, and crossing with different phenotypes was reduced. This resulted in the formation of different breeds, mostly genetically isolated from other populations. A few decades ago, selection pressure was increased again with intensive production focusing on a limited range of types and a subsequent loss of genetic diversity. For short-term economic reasons, farmers have abandoned traditional breeds. As a consequence, during the 20th century, at least 28% of farm animal breeds became extinct, rare or endangered. The situation is alarming in developing countries, where native breeds adapted to local environments and diseases are being replaced by industrial breeds. In the most marginal areas, farm animals are considered to be essential for viable land use and, in the developing world, a major pathway out of poverty. Historic documentation from the period before the breed formation is scarce. Thus, reconstruction of the history of livestock populations depends on archaeological, archeo-zoological and DNA analysis of extant populations. Scientific research into genetic diversity takes advantage of the rapid advances in molecular genetics. Studies of mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA profiling and Y-chromosomes have revealed details on the process of domestication, on the diversity retained by breeds and on relationships between breeds. However, we only see a small part of the genetic information and the advent of new technologies is most timely in order to answer many essential questions. High-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping is about to be available for all major farm animal species. The recent development of sequencing techniques calls for new methods of data management and analysis and for new ideas for the extraction of information. To make sense of this information in practical conditions, integration of geo-environmental and socio-economic data are key elements. The study and management of farm animal genomic resources (FAnGR) is indeed a major multidisciplinary issue. The goal of the present Research Topic was to collect contributions of high scientific quality relevant to biodiversity management, and applying new methods to either new genomic and bioinformatics approaches for characterization of FAnGR, to the development of FAnGR conservation methods applied ex-situ and in-situ, to socio-economic aspects of FAnGR conservation, to transfer of lessons between wildlife and livestock biodiversity conservation, and to the contribution of FAnGR to a transition in agriculture (FAnGR and agro-ecology).