Reducing Inter-generational Ethnic Poverty
Reducing Inter-generational Ethnic Poverty

Author: Greg Clydesdale

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-11-29

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13: 100026128X

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This book looks at human capital development and provides an explanation for why cognitive development varies among ethnic groups. The book uses an interdisciplinary approach to examine inter-generational ethnic poverty. It puts forth an argument that the ethnic poverty gap can be reduced, and to do so we need a broader view of human capital which considers the match between the nature of the economy and the specific capabilities needed. The book focuses on the interrelationship between developmental psychology and socio-economic status and argues that the most important relationship in a knowledge economy is actually the one between a parent and a child. The book begins by looking at cultures and assimilation and investigates the link between education, culture and socio-economic status. It also attempts to answer the question of what the link between culture, parents and children’s ability is and why ethnic groups vary in their nurturing. It delves into how parenting and cognitive development are interrelated. This thought-provoking book concludes with an emphasis on nurture and how it may alleviate ethnic poverty and shape social policies. The book provides a strong thesis to counter explanations based on racial and genetic superiority.

Reducing Inter-generational Ethnic Poverty
Reducing Inter-generational Ethnic Poverty

Author: Greg Clydesdale

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-11-29

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13: 1000261182

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This book looks at human capital development and provides an explanation for why cognitive development varies among ethnic groups. The book uses an interdisciplinary approach to examine inter-generational ethnic poverty. It puts forth an argument that the ethnic poverty gap can be reduced, and to do so we need a broader view of human capital which considers the match between the nature of the economy and the specific capabilities needed. The book focuses on the interrelationship between developmental psychology and socio-economic status and argues that the most important relationship in a knowledge economy is actually the one between a parent and a child. The book begins by looking at cultures and assimilation and investigates the link between education, culture and socio-economic status. It also attempts to answer the question of what the link between culture, parents and children’s ability is and why ethnic groups vary in their nurturing. It delves into how parenting and cognitive development are interrelated. This thought-provoking book concludes with an emphasis on nurture and how it may alleviate ethnic poverty and shape social policies. The book provides a strong thesis to counter explanations based on racial and genetic superiority.

Frameworks for Understanding the Inter-Generational Transmission of Poverty and Well-Being in Developing Countries
Frameworks for Understanding the Inter-Generational Transmission of Poverty and Well-Being in Developing Countries

Author: Karen Moore

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 21

ISBN-13:

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Initial work done by the Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC) suggests that the tightest possible definition of chronic poverty would be intergenerationally transmitted (IGT) poverty. However, while this concept has been widely used in a 'developed' country (particularly American) context, focusing particularly on issues of state-benefit dependence, it has rarely been applied to the 'developing' world in a holistic manner. In this paper, a framework for understanding IGT poverty in developing country contexts is developed, focusing on bringing together literature on the intergenerational transfer, extraction, and absence of transfer of different forms of capital: human, social-cultural, social-political, financial/material and environmental/natural. It is important to note that while the concept of IGT poverty is primarily used to signify the 'private' transmission of poverty from older generations of individuals and families to younger generations (especially, but not solely, from parents to children) - and therefore has special relevance to issues of childhood poverty - poverty-related capital can also be transmitted from younger generations to older generations, and within and between the 'public' spheres of community, state and market. It is suggested that of the range of structures, processes, and livelihood strategies that can affect IGT poverty, a few are particularly important in developing countries: HIV/AIDS, migration patterns, socio-legal entitlement norms, labour market structures, and the presence or absence of social safety nets and social services. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of IGT poverty. It is hypothesised that policy interventions will differ depending on the type of capital transmitted, as well as on the general approach to poverty reduction - whether an approach targeted at particular individuals or groups within one generation, or a strategic and instrumental approach focusing on intergenerational structures and relationships.

Equitable Education and Ghettoized Voices
Equitable Education and Ghettoized Voices

Author: June A. Douglas

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2024-09-25

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 1040125646

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This book centres the voices of a group of marginalized residents in Grenada’s ghetto to examine questions of poverty and survival and how, within this context, residents are able to focus on improvement and equity for their children through education. As a developing nation in the Caribbean influenced by both its British colonial past and its proximity to the United States, Grenada is still rife with poverty, and access to quality education is limited. The author examines this tradition of the ghetto as the centre of community and a force for positivity among youth, and develops a theory of education and deficit poverty through examples of citizens living in a developing state. Using functionalism, life course, and other systems theories, the book examines how institutions can support communities, and, in contrast, how families in poverty support themselves in the wake of system failure, to the extent that some children become successful university graduates, entrepreneurs, and world travellers. A cutting analysis of the development of equity through education in states left behind by colonialism and globalisation, this book offers new understandings of survival and criminality caused by deficit poverty. It will appeal to scholars, faculty, and researchers with interests in international education, education and globalisation, small island states, life course theory, systems theory, and anthropology.

Contextual Or Intergenerational? How Poverty Status Shapes African American Voter Turnout
Contextual Or Intergenerational? How Poverty Status Shapes African American Voter Turnout

Author: Christine Slaughter

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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This paper attempts to understand if contextual or intergenerational poverty has equal effects on African American voter turnout. In a period of vast income inequality and lower levels of upward mobility, few studies since the 1990s have parsed the effects of poverty on political participation. This paper aims to understand how poverty dynamics and typologies impact a racial group for when controlling for socioeconomic status participates at higher rates than their white counterparts. I examine how levels of psychological resources, life satisfaction, and social isolation contribute to lower levels of participation among poor, transitioning into adulthood adults mediate the relationship between poverty and participation. Using the geo-coded and longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), I expect that both contextual and intergenerational poverty leads to lower levels of participation, yet among individuals with greater individual resources, the effect is less in magnitude. Thus, while African Americans experience poverty at higher rates compared to whites, unlike whites, they are able to overcome socio-economic barriers to participation.

Principles of Behavioral Economics
Principles of Behavioral Economics

Author: Peter E. Earl

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-07-28

Total Pages: 541

ISBN-13: 1009089447

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This book is unique among modern contributions to behavioral economics in presenting a grand synthesis between the kind of behavioral economics popularized by Richard Thaler, earlier approaches such as those of the 1978 Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon, evolutionary psychology, and evolutionary economics from Veblen and Marshall through to neo-Schumpeterian thinking. The synthesis employs a complex adaptive systems approach to how people think, the lifestyles they build, and how new production technologies and products are gradually adopted and produce changes. Using a huge range of examples, it takes behavioral economics from its recent focus on 'nudging' consumers, to the behavior of firms and other organizations, the challenges of achieving structural change and transitioning to environmentally sustainable lifestyles, and instability of the financial system. This book will be of great interest to academics and graduate students who seek a broader view of what behavioral economics is and what it might become.

Industrial Development
Industrial Development

Author: Greg Clydesdale

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-11-10

Total Pages: 223

ISBN-13: 1000472981

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Governments are regularly judged by their ability to deliver economic prosperity, however many policies fail to deliver their desired outcomes. Industrial Development examines historical examples of how governments have attempted to build productive capabilities and promote industrial learning. Each chapter shows a different way in which this is done whether it is imitating existing production technologies, building new advanced technologies, tapping into existing global chains or building their own value chains. The book looks at a wide spectrum of countries and industries from Silicon Valley to the early Asian model of building domestic industries. The book also reveals that academics and policy makers can be a major source of policy failure. This book makes an important contribution to our understanding of capability building, industrial development and economic growth and will be an essential reading for economists, policy makers and government officials making policy in a global economy.

Communities in Action
Communities in Action

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-04-27

Total Pages: 583

ISBN-13: 0309452961

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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.