Recombinant Listeria Monocytogenes as an Anti-tumor Vaccine and a Probe to Study Innate and Acquired Immunity
Author: Kevin Wendell Bruhn
Publisher:
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 400
ISBN-13:
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Author: Kevin Wendell Bruhn
Publisher:
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 400
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Eric Raymond Jensen
Publisher:
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 360
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: E R Unanue
Publisher: Academic Press
Published: 2012-01-24
Total Pages: 206
ISBN-13: 0123945909
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAdvances in Immunology, a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Author: Dongyou Liu
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2008-04-21
Total Pages: 554
ISBN-13: 1420051415
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOnce feared as a deadly intracellular bacterium with the extraordinary capacity to survive a wide array of arduous external stressors, Listeria monocytogenes is increasingly recognized as a preferred vector for delivering anti-infective and anti-cancer vaccine molecules. A reliable, single-source reference on the fundamental aspects of
Author: Zachary Taylor Morrow
Publisher:
Published: 2023
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKListeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen that stimulates a robust CD8+ T-cell response and has been utilized for decades to understand various aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Due to its ability to stimulate CD8+ T-cells, L. monocytogenes has been developed as a safe anti-tumor vaccine platform. Efforts to understand how L. monocytogenes primes CD8+ T-cell responses led to the observation that L. monocytogenes that fail to access the host cytosol do not prime robust CD8+ T-cell responses. This led us to hypothesize that activation of a cytosol-specific innate immune pathway was necessary for the optimal T-cell response toward L. monocytogenes. Counterintuitively, I show that two cytosol-specific innate immune pathways activated by L. monocytogenes, the production of type I interferon, and inflammasome activation are actively detrimental to, or are dispensable for the T-cell response, respectively. Type I interferon impairs the formation of memory precursor effector cells, leading to deficits in protective immunity, and is likely acting on antigen presenting cells. I aided in identifying that macrophages and dendritic cells produce PGE2 during L. monocytogenes infection. The production of PGE2 is the first cytosol-specific innate immune pathway identified that is necessary for the optimal T-cell response toward L. monocytogenes. I show that PGE2 production is dependent on the calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and that calcium fluxes necessary for PGE2 production are likely emanating from inositol-triphosphate-signaling dependent endoplasmic reticulum receptors. Finally, in an altogether different approach, I show that L. monocytogenes can be engineered to express and secrete mammalian cytokines as an in-situ vaccine platform. Taken together, my work demonstrates how innate immune signaling informs adaptive T-cell responses during L. monocytogenes vaccination, and that L. monocytogenes can be engineered to modulate innate immune pathways resulting in a better vaccine platform. This thesis begins to unravel how the first cytosol-specific innate immune pathway necessary for T-cell priming is triggered and highlights new avenues for the therapeutic application of L. monocytogenes to combat cancer.
Author: Mark Kenneth Slifka
Publisher:
Published: 1996
Total Pages: 328
ISBN-13:
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Published: 2013
Total Pages: 278
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: Amber Leigh Ortiz
Publisher:
Published: 2017
Total Pages: 149
ISBN-13: 9780355601480
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNatural killer (NK) cells are a type of innate immune cell that secrete IFN when activated. IFN has pro-inflammatory effects and can act on tumor cells to kill them or inhibit their proliferation. NK cells can also exert direct anti-tumor cytolytic activity. Previous work showed that the Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) p60 protein indirectly promotes activation of NK cells to mediate cytokine production. The p60 protein contains two divergent LysM domains and one SH3 domain. The LysM1 domain is responsible for the immune stimulatory activity of the p60 protein and is present with the SH3 domain in a fragment of p60 termed "L1S." Like p60, recombinant L1S binds dendritic cells (DC) to stimulate their secretion of cytokines such as interleukin-18 (IL-18) and license them to promote activation of NK cells. The studies in this thesis investigated the nature of immune cell activation by L1S in vitro and in vivo through direct lung instillation. I found that instillation with wildtype L1S induced recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils and promoted accumulation of activated, IFN-producing, NK cells with increased cytolytic activity. I further showed that instillation of tumor-bearing mice with wildtype L1S protein significantly reduced burdens of established tumors. IFN and NK cells were required for these therapeutic effects. Further studies utilized simulated structure analysis and site-directed mutagenesis to explore the effects of specific amino acids in the LysM1 domain on the function of recombinant L1S protein. Specific amino acids in the LysM1 region were identified as critical for eliciting NK cell activity. Thus, my studies have improved our understanding of L1S immunostimulatory function and demonstrated its potential in vivo use for stimulation of NK cell anti-tumor responses.
Author: Erin M. Theisen
Publisher:
Published: 2017
Total Pages: 398
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAuthor: George Raymond Gunn (III.)
Publisher:
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 137
ISBN-13:
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