A powerful and provocative critique of the foundations of Rational Choice theory and the economic way of thinking about the world, written by a former leading practitioner. The target is a dehumanizing ideology that cannot properly recognize that normal people have attachments and commitments to other people and to practices, projects, principles, and places, which provide them with desire-independent reasons for action, and that they are reflective creatures who think about what they are and what they should be, with ideals that can shape and structure the way they see their choices. The author's views are brought to bear on the economic way of thinking about the natural environment and on how and when the norm of fair reciprocity motivates us to do our part in cooperative endeavors. Throughout, the argument is adorned by thought-provoking examples that keep what is at stake clearly before the reader's mind.
Rationality and the Ideology of Disconnection is a provocative polemic against the philosophical psychology that underpins Rational Choice theories and the economic way of thinking - a dehumanizing ideology that in recent years has been colonizing our approach to social, political, and environmental issues.
Rationality and the Ideology of Disconnection is a provocative polemic against the philosophical psychology that underpins Rational Choice theories and the economic way of thinking - a dehumanizing ideology that in recent years has been colonizing our approach to social, political, and environmental issues.
This is an ideal introduction for all embarking on a degree in Politics or International Relations. Starting from the premise that the 'doing' of political science is an active, and interactive, process of critical evaluation, it addresses the crucial question of how – as well as what – we should study. The book examines a wide range of theoretical perspectives and shows how they can be usefully applied to questions such as 'Why do states go to war?' and 'In whose interests does the political system work?' Chapters are organized by core areas of study – such as power, the state, policy, institutions, the media, security, political economy – and show how theories can be used and applied within each topic.
Is capitalism inherently predatory? Must there be winners and losers? Is public interest outdated and free-riding rational? Is consumer choice the same as self-determination? Must bargainers abandon the no-harm principle? Prisoners of Reason recalls that classical liberal capitalism exalted the no-harm principle. Although imperfect and exclusionary, modern liberalism recognized individual human dignity alongside individuals' responsibility to respect others. Neoliberalism, by contrast, views life as ceaseless struggle. Agents vie for scarce resources in antagonistic competition in which every individual seeks dominance. This political theory is codified in non-cooperative game theory; the neoliberal citizen and consumer is the strategic rational actor. Rational choice justifies ends irrespective of means. Money becomes the medium of all value. Solidarity and good will are invalidated. Relationships are conducted on a quid pro quo basis. However, agents can freely opt out of this cynical race to the bottom by embracing a more expansive range of coherent action.
The Oxford Handbooks of Political Science is a ten-volume set of reference books offering authoritative and engaging critical overviews of the state of political science. Each volume focuses on a particular part of the discipline, with volumes on Public Policy, Political Theory, Political Economy, Contextual Political Analysis, Comparative Politics, International Relations, Law and Politics, Political Behavior, Political Institutions, and Political Methodology. The project as a whole is under the General Editorship of Robert E. Goodin, with each volume being edited by a distinguished international group of specialists in their respective fields. The books set out not just to report on the discipline, but to shape it. The series will be an indispensable point of reference for anyone working in political science and adjacent disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics offers a critical survey of the field of empirical political science through the collection of a set of chapters written by forty-seven top scholars in the discipline of comparative politics. Part I includes chapters surveying the key research methodologies employed in comparative politics (the comparative method; the use of history; the practice and status of case-study research; the contributions of field research) and assessing the possibility of constructing a science of comparative politics. Parts II to IV examine the foundations of political order: the origins of states and the extent to which they relate to war and to economic development; the sources of compliance or political obligation among citizens; democratic transitions, the role of civic culture; authoritarianism; revolutions; civil wars and contentious politics. Parts V and VI explore the mobilization, representation and coordination of political demands. Part V considers why parties emerge, the forms they take and the ways in which voters choose parties. It then includes chapters on collective action, social movements and political participation. Part VI opens up with essays on the mechanisms through which political demands are aggregated and coordinated. This sets the agenda to the systematic exploration of the workings and effects of particular institutions: electoral systems, federalism, legislative-executive relationships, the judiciary and bureaucracy. Finally, Part VII is organized around the burgeoning literature on macropolitical economy of the last two decades.
This book challenges dominant thinking about early career teachers and their work. It offers an in-depth and critical analysis of policies concerning the work of early career teachers and how they are supported during this critical period, when they are highly vulnerable to leaving the profession. Moreover, the book provides examples from actual practice that illustrate how to help early career teachers make a successful transition into the profession. These practices promote early career teachers’ development and help the profession as a whole to capitalize on the new knowledge and skills that these teachers bring to their classrooms and their students. The book is divided into two main parts. Part 1 deals with the difficult to define process of retaining early career teachers, and its respective chapters consider this broad issue from an international perspective. They explore how policies and practices have an impact on what happens in schools, and what it means to be a teacher and to teach. In turn, Part 2 focuses on the need to reconsider the policies and practices that create the ‘problem’ of early career teachers, and offers alternative ways forward. Each chapter addresses a specific aspect of the early career teacher retention issue, contributing to a greater understanding of how we can rethink the work of early career teachers so that they can more successfully transition into the profession.
Introduction: into the wildness / Gavin Van Horn -- Wisdom of the wild. Wildfire news / Gary Snyder ; Conundrum and continuum: one man's wilderness, from a ditch to the dark divide / Robert Michael Pyle ; No word / Enrique Salmón ; The edge of anomaly / Curt Meine ; Order versus wildness / Joel Salatin ; Biomimicry: business from the wild / Margo Farnsworth ; Notes on "up at the basin" / David J. Rothman -- Working wild. Listening to the forest / Jeff Grignon and Robin Wall Kimmerer ; The working wilderness / Courtney White ; The hummingbird and the redcap / Devon G. Peña ; Losing wildness for the sake of wilderness: the removal of Drakes Bay Oyster Company / Laura Alice Watt ; Inhabiting the Alaskan wild / Margot Higgins ; Wilderness in four parts, or why we cannot mention my great-grandfather's name / Aaron Abeyta -- Urban wild. Wild black margins / Mistinguette Smith ; Healing the urban wild / Gavin Van Horn ; Building the civilized wild / Seth Magle ; Cultivating the wild on Chicago's South Side: stories of people and nature at Eden Place Nature Center / Michael Bryson and Michael Howard ; Toward an urban practice of the wild / John Tallmadge -- Planetary wild. The whiskered god of filth / Rob Dunn ; The akiing ethic: seeking ancestral wildness beyond Aldo Leopold's wilderness / John Hausdoerffer ; On the wild edge in Iceland / Brooke Hecht ; The story isn't over / Julianne Lutz Warren ; Cultivating the wild / Vandana Shiva ; Earth island: prelude to a eutopian history / Wes Jackson ; Epilogue: Wild partnership: a conversation with Roderick Frazier Nash / John Hausdoerffer.
