Quantitative Pyrolysis - Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry to Study Polymer Dissolution and Solubility
Quantitative Pyrolysis - Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry to Study Polymer Dissolution and Solubility

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 179

ISBN-13: 9789462951693

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"In recent years pyrolysis - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) has emerged as a powerful quantitative method to study polymeric samples. Improvement in the instrumentation, especially the introduction of programmed-temperature-vaporization (PTV) injectors for Py-GC, have made it possible to inject liquid samples (such as polymer solutions) automatically. Py-(PTV)GC-MS is a remarkably precise, robust and reliable method. Large volumes of sample can be injected, in a variety of different solvents. This includes water, which is a notoriously difficult solvent in combination with GC. Thermochemolysis has been introduced to deal with polymers that yield polar products during pyrolysis. Very low detection limits can be achieved, allowing the detection of dissolved polymers in the ppb (ng mL-1) range or even lower. Py-GC-MS additionally can yield information on polymer composition (e.g. in case of copolymers). In combination with size-exclusion chromatography, Py-GC-MS allows us to estimate the molecular-weight distributions of minute amounts of a dissolved polymer and variations therein as a function of time. These advancements have been explored in this thesis to study the dissolution and solubility of synthetic polymers."--Samenvatting auteur.

Pyrolysis-gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry Of Polymeric Materials (Second Edition)
Pyrolysis-gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry Of Polymeric Materials (Second Edition)

Author: Peter Kusch

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2023-08-28

Total Pages: 383

ISBN-13: 1800613008

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Readers will find many practical applications of pyrolysis-GC/MS as well as R&D usage in this newly revised and expanded edition. Detailed experimental descriptions for the identification of synthetic polymers and copolymers are included. This volume presents the current state of analytical pyrolysis, and contains full identification of several classes of polymers/copolymers and biopolymers that readers will find helpful. Structures and functions of various types of pyrolyzers are explored, as well as the results of the pyrolysis-gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric identification of synthetic polymers/copolymers and biopolymers at 700°C.Practical applications of this hyphenated technique, detailing the analysis of microplastics, failure analysis in the automotive industry and solutions for technological problems are provided. Numerous practical applications of pyrolysis-GC/MS, for industrial and R&D usage, will be of benefit to Chemists and Engineers, as well as for students of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences.

Pyrolysis-gas Chromatography: Mass Spectrometry Of Polymeric Materials
Pyrolysis-gas Chromatography: Mass Spectrometry Of Polymeric Materials

Author: Peter Kusch

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2018-10-08

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 1786345773

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The methodology of analytical pyrolysis-GC/MS has been known for several years, but is seldom used in research laboratories and process control in the chemical industry. This is due to the relative difficulty of interpreting the identified pyrolysis products as well as the variety of them. This book contains full identification of several classes of polymers/copolymers and biopolymers that can be very helpful to the user. In addition, the practical applications can encourage analytical chemists and engineers to use the techniques explored in this volume.The structure and the functions of various types of pyrolyzers and the results of the pyrolysis-gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric identification of synthetic polymers/copolymers and biopolymers at 700°C are described. Practical applications of these techniques are also included, detailing the analysis of microplastics, failure analysis in the automotive industry and solutions for technological problems.

Analytical Pyrolysis
Analytical Pyrolysis

Author: C.E.R. Jones

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 435

ISBN-13: 0444601406

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Analytical Pyrolysis presents the Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Analytical Pyrolysis, held in Amsterdam on September 7-9, 1976. It looks at newly emergent techniques in analytical pyrolysis, including pyrolysis mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and pyrolysis-gas liquid chromatography. The book also covers topics ranging from automation and microbiology to forensic science and pharmacology, reproducibility and specificity, biochemistry, laser-induced pyrolysis, pyrolytic reaction mechanisms, and polymers. Comprised of 50 chapters, this book begins with a discussion of automatic analysis of tire rubber blends using computer-linked pyrolysis gas chromatography, thermal procedures in coupling with thin-layer chromatography, the role of pyrolysis-gas liquid chromatography in biomedical studies, and the identification of microorganisms by pyrolysis gas-liquid chromatography. It then examines forensic applications of analytical pyrolysis techniques, structure and degradation behavior of synthetic polymers using pyrolysis in combination with field ion mass spectrometry, determination of polysaccharides in fulvic acids by pyrolysis gas chromatography, and application of Curie-point pyrolysis mass spectrometry in fungal taxonomy. The reader is also introduced to pyrolysis mass spectrometry of model compounds labeled with stable isotopes, the use of pyrolysis/gas chromatography to determine the quality of porous polymers of styrene cross-linked with divinyl benzene, and application of pyrohydrolysis for a rapid and accurate determination of halides in silicate rocks and minerals. This volume will benefit students, researchers, chemists, and scientists working in the field of analytical pyrolysis.

Pyrolysis - GC/MS Data Book of Synthetic Polymers
Pyrolysis - GC/MS Data Book of Synthetic Polymers

Author: Shin Tsuge

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-10-13

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 0444538925

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In this data book, both conventional Py-GC/MS where thermal energy alone is used to cause fragmentation of given polymeric materials and reactive Py-GC/MS in the presence of organic alkaline for condensation polymers are compiled. Before going into detailed presentation of the data, however, acquiring a firm grip on the proper understanding about the situation of Py-GC/MS would promote better utilization of the following pyrolysis data for various polymers samples. This book incorporates recent technological advances in analytical pyrolysis methods especially useful for the characterization of 163 typical synthetic polymers. The book briefly reviews the instrumentation available in advanced analytical pyrolysis, and offers guidance to perform effectually this technique combining with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Main contents are comprehensive sample pyrograms, thermograms, identification tables, and representative mass spectra (MS) of pyrolyzates for synthetic polymers. This edition also highlights thermally-assisted hydrolysis and methylation technique effectively applied to 33 basic condensation polymers. Coverage of Py-GC/MS data of conventional pyrograms and thermograms of basic 163 kinds of synthetic polymers together with MS and retention index data for pyrolyzates, enabling a quick identification Additional coverage of the pyrograms and their related data for 33 basic condensation polymers obtained by the thermally-assisted hydrolysis and methylation technique All compiled data measured under the same experimental conditions for pyrolysis, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to facilitate peak identification Surveyable instant information on two facing pages dedicated to the whole data of a given polymer sample

Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy in Polymer Analysis
Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy in Polymer Analysis

Author: T. R Crompton

Publisher: Smithers Rapra

Published: 2010-12-02

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 184735484X

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The combination of chromatography with mass spectroscopy is a very useful technique which is being increasingly used by polymer chemists to improve existing polymers and to discover new ones with specific physical properties such as thermal stability and retention of properties over a long service life.This technique is extremely powerful for the analysis and characterisation of polymers and is often based on the use of controlled chromatography - mass spectroscopy to measure a polymer's decomposition with techniques such as pyrolysis, followed by chromatography to separate any breakdown product, and, finally, mass spectroscopy, to achieve an unequivocal identification of the pyrolysis products obtained. The detail that can be obtained by such methods includes structure of the polymer backbone, branching, end groups, isomeric detail and fine detail in the structure of copolymers.The first three chapters of the book discuss the various chromatographic and mass spectroscopic techniques now available.Chapters 3-8 cover the complementary methods, based on the combination of mass spectroscopy with various chromatographic techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography.Pyrolysis chromatography-mass spectroscopy is a method of studying the structure of polymers which involves subjecting the polymer pyrolysis products to a chromatographic technique to simplify subsequent analysis and, finally mass spectroscopy to identify the pyrolysis products with the possibility of deducing finer details of polymer structure than were previously attainable by classical methods (Chapters 9-11).By providing a thorough up-to-date review of work in this field it is hoped that the book will be of interest to all those engaged in polymer research and development, and polymer users in general.

Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook
Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook

Author: Karen D. Sam

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2021-03-23

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 0429574924

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Analytical pyrolysis allows scientists to use routine laboratory instrumentation for analyzing complex, opaque, or insoluble samples more effectively than other analytical techniques alone. Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook, Third Edition is a practical guide to the application of pyrolysis techniques to various samples and sample types for a diversity of fields including microbiology, forensic science, industrial research, and environmental analysis. The much-anticipated third edition incorporates recent technological advances that increase the technique’s sensitivity to trace elements, improve its reproducibility, and expand its applicability. The book reviews the types of instrumentation available to perform pyrolysis and offers guidance for interfacing instruments and integrating other analytical techniques, including gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Fully updated with new sample pyrograms, figures, references, and real-world examples, this edition also highlights new areas of application including cultural materials, forensic analysis, and environmental studies. This book illustrates how the latest advances make pyrolysis a practical, cost-effective, reliable, and flexible alternative for increasingly complex sample analyses. Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook, Third Edition is an essential, one-stop guide for determining if pyrolysis meets application-specific needs as well as performing pyrolysis and handling the data obtained.

Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry
Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry

Author: Christopher Barner-Kowollik

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-01-27

Total Pages: 501

ISBN-13: 3527641831

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Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.