Private, Public and Global Enterprises - English

Private, Public and Global Enterprises - English

Author: Navneet Singh

Publisher: Navneet Singh

Published:

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13:

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Private, public, and global enterprises represent different types of business ownership structures and operational scopes. Here's a breakdown of each: Private Enterprises: Ownership: Private enterprises are owned and operated by individuals, families, or groups of investors. Ownership is typically limited to a few individuals or a single entity. Governance: Decision-making is usually centralized, with owners or a board of directors making key strategic choices. Funding: Private enterprises often rely on personal savings, loans, or investments from private individuals or venture capitalists for funding. Examples: Small businesses, family-owned companies, startups, and many corporations fall into this category. Public Enterprises: Ownership: Public enterprises are owned and operated by the government at either the national, regional, or local level. However, they can still have private shareholders. Governance: Decision-making may involve government officials, a board of directors, or a combination of both. They're subject to governmental regulations and oversight. Funding: Public enterprises can receive funding from government budgets, taxes, bonds, or even revenue from their operations. They may also can issue shares on the stock market. Examples: Public utilities (such as water and electricity providers), nationalized industries (like postal services or railways), and some healthcare and education institutions can be publicly owned and operated. Global Enterprises: Scope: Global enterprises operate across national boundaries, engaging in business activities in multiple countries. They have a presence in various markets around the world. Ownership: Global enterprises can be either private or public. They may be multinational corporations with subsidiaries in different countries. Governance: Governance structures vary, but they often involve complex organizational hierarchies to manage operations in diverse locations. Funding: Funding sources can include revenue from operations, loans, investments, and sometimes government incentives or subsidies. Examples: Many of the world's largest companies, such as Google, Apple, and ExxonMobil, are global enterprises with operations spanning multiple countries and continents. Each type of enterprise has its advantages and challenges, and the choice between them often depends on factors like ownership preferences, funding availability, regulatory environment, and the strategic goals of the organization.


Business Studies - Class 11 - English

Business Studies - Class 11 - English

Author: Navneet Singh

Publisher: Navneet Singh

Published:

Total Pages: 567

ISBN-13:

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Introduction to Business At its core, a business is an organization or entity engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities with the primary goal of generating profit. However, the concept of "business" encompasses much more than just making money. Here are some key aspects: Value Creation: Businesses create value by providing products or services that satisfy customer needs or solve their problems. This value can take various forms, such as convenience, quality, innovation, or affordability. Exchange: Business involves the exchange of goods, services, or money between parties. This exchange can occur between businesses (B2B) or between businesses and consumers (B2C). Risk and Reward: Business activities involve taking risks, such as investing capital, developing new products, or entering new markets, in the hope of achieving financial rewards. Managing risks effectively is crucial for long-term success. Innovation: Businesses drive innovation by developing new products, services, processes, or business models. Innovation helps businesses stay competitive, adapt to changing market conditions, and create value for customers. Employment: Businesses create jobs and contribute to economic growth by hiring employees, contractors, and service providers. They provide opportunities for individuals to earn income, develop skills, and pursue career advancement. Legal and Regulatory Environment: Businesses operate within a framework of laws, regulations, and industry standards that govern their activities. Compliance with these requirements is essential for maintaining legality, ethical standards, and social responsibility. Customer Focus: Successful businesses prioritize customer satisfaction and strive to build strong relationships with their customers. Understanding customer needs, preferences, and feedback is critical for developing products and services that meet market demand. Financial Management: Businesses must manage their finances effectively to ensure profitability, liquidity, and long-term sustainability. This includes budgeting, accounting, financial planning, and investment decisions. Social Impact: Businesses have a broader impact on society beyond their economic activities. They can contribute to social welfare through philanthropy, corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethical business practices, and environmental sustainability initiatives. Globalization: In an increasingly interconnected world, businesses operate across national borders, engaging in international trade, investment, and collaboration. Globalization presents opportunities for growth and expansion but also challenges related to cultural differences, regulatory compliance, and geopolitical risks. Overall, business encompasses a wide range of activities and functions aimed at creating value, driving innovation, and meeting the needs of customers, employees, shareholders, and society at large.


Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers Accountancy, English Core, Business Studies & Economics Class 11 (Set of 4 Books) For 2025 Exam

Oswaal CBSE Sample Question Papers Accountancy, English Core, Business Studies & Economics Class 11 (Set of 4 Books) For 2025 Exam

Author: Oswaal Editorial Board

Publisher: Oswaal Books

Published: 2024-08-27

Total Pages: 513

ISBN-13: 9362393514

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Description of the product: This product covers the following: •Fresh & Relevant with the Latest Typologies of Questions •Score Boosting Insightswith 450 Questions & 250 Concepts (approx.) •Insider Tips & Techniques with On-Tips Notes, Mind Maps & Mnemonics •Exam Ready to Practice with 5 Solved & 5 Self-Assessment Papers


Global Business Regulation

Global Business Regulation

Author: John Braithwaite

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2000-02-13

Total Pages: 724

ISBN-13: 1107717507

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Across an amazing sweep of the critical areas of business regulation - from contract, intellectual property and corporations law, to trade, telecommunications, labour standards, drugs, food, transport and environment - this book confronts the question of how the regulation of business has shifted from national to global institutions. Based on interviews with 500 international leaders in business and government, this book examines the role played by global institutions such as the WTO, the OECD, IMF, Moody's and the World Bank, as well as various NGOs and significant individuals. The authors argue that effective and decent global regulation depends on the determination of individuals to engage with powerful agendas and decision-making bodies that would otherwise be dominated by concentrated economic interests. This book will become a standard reference for readers in business, law, politics and international relations.


International Legal Theory

International Legal Theory

Author: Jeffrey L. Dunoff

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-08-04

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 110861745X

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Over the past decades international affairs have been increasingly legalized. International law has dramatically expanded into new fields and taken on new challenges. Despite this development, there has been little in-depth scholarship on what impact these changes have had on the field of international legal theory, how it is taught, and where it is going. This volume investigates the major developments in the field and explores the core assumptions and concepts, analytical tools, and key challenges associated with different approaches. An outstanding team of legal academics provides an accessible overview of competing theoretical movements, and a more in-depth understanding of the strengths, preoccupations, insights, and limits of those schools of thought. The contributions provide an authoritative account of current thinking about the theoretical foundations of contemporary international law and will serve as an indispensable resource for students, scholars, and practitioners.


Bloomsbury World Englishes Volume 2: Ideologies

Bloomsbury World Englishes Volume 2: Ideologies

Author: Rani Rubdy

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2021-05-20

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 1350065862

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Bloomsbury World Englishes offers a comprehensive and rigorous description of the facts, implications and contentious issues regarding the forms and functions of English in the world. International experts cover a diverse range of varieties and topics, offering a more accurate understanding of English across the globe and the various social contexts in which it plays a significant role. With volumes dedicated to research paradigms, language ideologies and pedagogies, the collection pushes the boundaries of the field to go beyond traditional descriptive paradigms and contribute to moving research agendas forward. Volume 2: Ideologies explores the politics and economics of English, and the impact of language on local societies and cultures. In doing so, chapters discuss how English is often entangled in societal issues, such as inequality, (de-)colonization, racism, oppression and liberation.


Global Business Etiquette

Global Business Etiquette

Author: Jeanette S. Martin

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2012-02-22

Total Pages: 341

ISBN-13:

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This book provides the invaluable intercultural knowledge to help you make a deal, sell your product, or find a joint venture, no matter where your business takes you. Business people who work internationally or work with people who are international need to know how to act before they can get the business—and keep it. Proper business communication includes everything from emails to eye contact, and the rules of what is "right" in other countries can be daunting to navigate. Global Business Etiquette: A Guide to International Communication and Customs, Second Edition provides critical information that businesspeople—both for men and women—need to understand the dynamics of cross-cultural communication, avoid embarrassing and costly gaffes, and succeed in business outside of the United States. Topics covered in this indispensible resource include conversation topics that are considered appropriate for different situations; how to make a positive good impression; dress and travel; attitudes toward religion, education, status, and social class; and cultural variations in public behavior. Information is provided about the United States at the end of each chapter about the ten countries that Americans do the most business with to benefit international readers.


Understanding the Private–Public Divide

Understanding the Private–Public Divide

Author: Avner Offer

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-04-07

Total Pages: 243

ISBN-13: 1108853528

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Markets are taken as the norm in economics and in much of political and media discourse. But if markets are superior why does the public sector remain so large? Avner Offer provides a distinctive new account of the effective temporal limits on private, public, and social activity. Understanding the Private–Public Divide accounts for the division of labour between business and the public sector, how it changes over time, where the boundaries ought to run, and the harm that follows if they are violated. He explains how finance forces markets to focus on short-term objectives and why business requires special privileges in return for long-term commitment. He shows how a private sector policy bias leads to inequality, insecurity, and corruption. Integrity used to be the norm and it can be achieved again. Only governments can manage uncertainty in the long-term interests of society, as shown by the challenge of climate change.


Rethinking Languages Education

Rethinking Languages Education

Author: Ruth Arber

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2020-11-26

Total Pages: 252

ISBN-13: 1351608681

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Rethinking Languages Education assembles innovative research from experts in the fields of sociocultural theory, applied linguistics and education. The contributors interrogate innovative and recent thinking and broach controversies about the theoretical and practical considerations that underpin the implementation of effective Languages pedagogy in twenty-first-century classrooms. Crucially, Rethinking Languages Education explores established understandings about language, culture and education to provide a more comprehensive and flexible understanding of Languages education that responds to local classrooms impacted by global and transnational change, and the politics of language, culture and identity. Rethinking Languages Education focuses on questions about ways that we can develop farsighted and successful Languages education for diverse students in globalised contexts. The response to these questions is multi-layered, and takes into account the complex interactions between policy, curriculum and practice, as well as their contention and implementation. In doing so, this book addresses and integrates innovative perspectives of contemporary theory and pedagogy for Languages, TESOL and EAL/D education. It includes diverse discussions around practice, and addresses issues of the dominance of prestige Languages programs for ‘minority’ and ‘heritage’ languages, as well as discussing controversies about the current provision of English and Languages programs around the world.