In Policing the Womb, Michele Goodwin explores how states abuse laws and infringe on rights to police women and their pregnancies. This book looks at the impact of these often arbitrary laws which can result in the punishment, incarceration, and humiliation of women, particularly poor women and women of color. Frequently based on unscientific claims of endangering a fetus, these laws allow extraordinary powers to state authorities over reproductive freedom and pregnancies. In this book, Michele Goodwin discusses real examples of women whose pregnancies have been controlled by the law and what has led to the United States being the deadliest country in the developed world for a woman to be pregnant.
"An essential work that advances an acute awareness of our responsibility to make society equitable for all." Library Journal, Starred Review In this provocative book, the authors connect the regulation of African American people in many settings into a powerful narrative. Completely updated throughout, the book now includes a new chapter on policing black athletes’ bodies, and expanded coverage of the Black Lives Matter movement, policing trans bodies, and policing Black women’s bodies.
Drawing on surveys and interviews with almost 300 female military personnel, Melissa Herbert explores how women's everyday actions, such as choice of uniform, hobby, or social activity, involve the creation and re-creation of what it means to be a woman, and particularly a woman soldier. Do women feel pressured to be "more masculine," to convey that they are not a threat to men's jobs or status and to avoid being perceived as lesbians? She also examines the role of gender and sexuality in the maintenance of the male-defined military institution, proposing that, more than sexual harassment or individual discrimination, it is the military's masculine ideology--which views military service as the domain of men and as a mechanism for the achievement of manhood--which serves to limit women's participation in the military has increased dramatically. In the wake of armed conflict involving female military personnel and several sexual misconduct scandals, much attention has focused on what life is like for women in the armed services. Few, however, have examined how these women negotiate an environment that has been structured and defined as masculine.
Because police are the most visible face of government power for most citizens, they are expected to deal effectively with crime and disorder and to be impartial. Producing justice through the fair, and restrained use of their authority. The standards by which the public judges police success have become more exacting and challenging. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing explores police work in the new century. It replaces myths with research findings and provides recommendations for updated policy and practices to guide it. The book provides answers to the most basic questions: What do police do? It reviews how police work is organized, explores the expanding responsibilities of police, examines the increasing diversity among police employees, and discusses the complex interactions between officers and citizens. It also addresses such topics as community policing, use of force, racial profiling, and evaluates the success of common police techniques, such as focusing on crime "hot spots." It goes on to look at the issue of legitimacyâ€"how the public gets information about police work, and how police are viewed by different groups, and how police can gain community trust. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing will be important to anyone concerned about police work: policy makers, administrators, educators, police supervisors and officers, journalists, and interested citizens.
This brief offers an overview of the prevailing debates in police oversight and accountability through an analysis of policing in Hong Kong, Japan, and Taiwan. It places emphasis on three major controversies of oversight: professionalism, representation, and empowerment. Arguing that traditional models do not accurately depict variations in police systems in Asia, the volume aims to bring attention to the implementation of these three concepts and clearly articulate the power relationship within these Asian police oversight mechanisms. This brief will be a useful resource for researchers in policing as well as criminologists, political scientists, and sociologists, particularly those specializing in East Asia.
In this report the Home Affairs Committee examines the Government's proposals for policing reform. Key findings: (i) it is unacceptable that, more than a year after the Government announced it was phasing out the National Policing Improvement Agency, it still has not announced any definite decisions about the future of the vast majority of the functions currently performed by the Agency - the phasing out of the Agency should be delayed until the end of 2012; (ii) after the Olympics, the Home Office should consider making counter-terrorism a separate command of the New National Crime Agency, rather than it being the responsibility of the Metropolitan Police; (iii) the Government must urgently appoint a head of the new National Crime Agency; (iv) a Professional Body for policing could ultimately become a useful part of the policing landscape; (v) the Home Office should be more active in encouraging and supporting forces to collaborate with one another; (vi) IT across the police service as a whole is not fit for purpose and the Home Office must make revolutionising police IT a top priority; (vii) the review of pay and conditions is having an inevitable impact on morale in the police service, but it is possible to do more to mitigate this; (viii) The Committee commends the work of Jan Berry, the former Reducing Bureaucracy in Policing Advocate, in emphasising that reducing bureaucracy in the police service is not simply about reducing paperwork but addressing the causes of that paperwork.
Vols. 1 and 2 cover U.S. law enforcement. Vol. 3 contains articles on individual foreign nations, together with topical articles on international law enforcement.
Ethical and human rights issues have assumed an increasingly high profile in the wake of miscarriages of justice, racism (Lawrence Inquiry), incompetence and corruption - in both Britain and overseas. At the same time the implementation of the Human Rights Act 1998 in England and Wales will have a major impact on policing, challenging many of the assumptions about how policing is carried out. This book aims to provide an accessible introduction to the key issues surrounding ethics in policing, linking this to recent developments and new human rights legislation. It sets out a powerful case for a modern 'ethical policing' approach. Policing, Ethics and Human Rights argues that securing and protecting human rights should be a major, if not the major, rationale for public policing.