Picoeconomics
Author: George Ainslie
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 1992-04-24
Total Pages: 462
ISBN-13: 0521260930
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDr. Ainslie examines an elementary human paradox: that we are endangered by our own wishes.
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Breakdown of Will
Author: George Ainslie
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2001-03-19
Total Pages: 274
ISBN-13: 9780521596947
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAinslie argues that our responses to the threat of our own inconsistency determine the basic fabric of human culture. He suggests that individuals are more like populations of bargaining agents than like the hierarchical command structures envisaged by cognitive psychologists. The forces that create and constrain these populations help us understand so much that is puzzling in human action and interaction: from addictions and other self-defeating behaviors to the experience of willfulness, from pathological over-control and self-deception to subtler forms of behavior such as altruism, sadism, gambling, and the 'social construction' of belief. This book integrates approaches from experimental psychology, philosophy of mind, microeconomics, and decision science to present one of the most profound and expert accounts of human irrationality available. It will be of great interest to philosophers and an important resource for professionals and students in psychology, economics and political science.
Midbrain Mutiny
Author: Don Ross
Publisher: Bradford Books
Published: 2012-01
Total Pages: 301
ISBN-13: 9780262517584
DOWNLOAD EBOOKAn analysis of how economic theories can be used to understand disordered andpathological gambling that calls on empirical evidence about behavior and the brain and argues thataddictive gambling is the basic form of all addiction.
Society, Organizations and the Brain: building towards a unified cognitive neuroscience perspective
Author: Carl Senior
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2015-07-02
Total Pages: 207
ISBN-13: 2889195805
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis e-book brings together scholars in both the neurosciences and organizational sciences who have adopted various approaches to study the cognitive mechanisms mediating the social behavior that we see within organizations. Such an approach has been termed by ourselves, and others, as ‘organisational cognitive neuroscience’. In recent years there has been a veritable increase in studies that have explored the cognitive mechanisms driving such behaviors, and much progress has been made in understanding the neural underpinnings of processes such as financial exchange, risk awareness and even leadership. However, while these studies are informative and add to our understanding of human cognition they fall short of providing evidence-based recommendations for practice. Specifically, we address the broader issue of how the neuroscientific study of such core social behaviors can be used to improve the very way that we work. To address these gaps in our understanding the chapters in this book serve as a platform that allows scholars in both the neurosciences and the organizational sciences to highlight the work that spans across these two fields. The consolidation of these two fields also serves to highlight the utility of a singular organizational cognitive neuroscience. This is a fundamentally important outcome of the book as the application of neuroscience to address economically relevant behaviors has seen a variety of fields evolve in their own right, such as neuromarketing, neuroeconomics and so forth. The use of neuro-scientific technologies,in particular fMRI, has indeed led to a bewildering (and somewhat suffocating) proliferation of new approaches, however, the speed of such developments demands that we must proceed carefully with such ventures or risk some fundamental mistakes. The book that you now hold will consolidates these new neuroscience based approaches and in doing so highlight the importance of this approach in helping us to understand human social behavior in general. Taken together the chapters provide a framework for scholars within the neurosciences who wish to explore the further the opportunities that the study of organisational behavior may provide.
Principles of Public Policy Practice
Author: Lok Sang Ho
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2012-12-06
Total Pages: 225
ISBN-13: 1461515750
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPrinciples of Public Policy Practice was written with policy makers, concerned citizens, and students of public policy in mind. Striving to avoid technical language, the author introduces a new paradigm that starts from the commonality of human nature and the assumption that public policy should be impartial. Rather than playing the interests of one group versus those of another, he argues convincingly that public policy should aim at enhancing the ex ante welfare for everyone if everyone did not know the position or the identity one would assume. Using this conceptual device of the representative individual, the analysis readily leads to policy implications that are both reasonable and concrete in diverse areas ranging from health care, crime and punishment to macroeconomic and financial market stability. The book concludes with a chapter summarizing the various principles of public policy practice that will meet the challenges of the new millennium. These principles, certainly of interest to academics in social sciences who are studying public policy, political economy, international financial systems, and capital markets, should appeal equally to practitioners, including public policy makers, consultants, advisers, administrators, and public service trade unions.
Maladies of the Will
Author: Jennifer L. Fleissner
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Published: 2022-12-16
Total Pages: 499
ISBN-13: 0226822028
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"Western modernity rests on the notion of individual will, of the autonomous subject able to chart a path toward self-determination. Yet today that notion seems neither plausible nor desirable, in part because of the ways that novels have long questioned it. The novel typically takes the will as a site of insufficiency or excess-from obsession to indecision, wild impulse to melancholic inertia. Jennifer Fleissner's ambitious book shows how the novel's attention to these maladies of the will has made it a form of ongoing interrogation, both invested and critical, of modernity's core premises from within. Fleissner ranges from the seventeenth century to the turn of the twentieth, showing how the novel participated in conversations around the topic of will that reached across theology, moral and political philosophy, medicine, criminology, and the nascent social sciences. While taking its place beside other major works in the theory of the novel, it departs from them in its focus on the often more philosophically minded American novel-both canonical instances like Hawthorne and James, and important, still insufficiently recognized voices like those of Elizabeth Stoddard and Charles W. Chesnutt. Fleissner recovers a long tradition, for which the novel is central, of understanding the will not as a problem to overcome but as one which we have no choice but to continue to think through"--
Addiction and Self-Control
Author: Neil Levy
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2013-12
Total Pages: 289
ISBN-13: 0199862583
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book brings cutting edge neuroscience and psychology into dialogue with philosophical reflection to illuminate the loss of control experienced by addicts, and thereby cast light on ordinary agency and the way in which it sometimes goes wrong.
Social Neuroscience and Public Health
Author: Peter A. Hall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2013-05-26
Total Pages: 319
ISBN-13: 1461468523
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe field of public health is primarily concerned with understanding and improving physical health from a large group perspective (i.e., communities and whole populations). The field of social neuroscience, on the other hand, is primarily concerned with examining brain-behavior relationships that unfold in a social context. Both of these are rapidly developing fields of inquiry, and their boundaries have only recently begun to overlap. This book discusses collaborative research findings at the intersection of social neuroscience and public health that promise to fundamentally change the way scientists, public health practitioners, and the general public view physical health within the larger social context. Eighteen chapters are organized under the following major sections: cognition and health outcomes; neuroscientific aspects of health communication; health behavior and the neurobiology of self-regulation; neurobiological processes in health decision making; ecological and social context; neuroscience methods; and future directions.
Addiction as Consumer Choice
Author: Gordon Foxall
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2016-02-12
Total Pages: 263
ISBN-13: 1134472242
DOWNLOAD EBOOKA striking characteristic of addictive behavior is the pursuit of immediate reward at the risk of longer-term detrimental outcomes. It is typically accompanied by the expression of a strong desire to cease from or at least control consumption that has such consequences, followed by lapse, further resolution, relapse, and so on. Understood in this way, addiction includes substance abuse as well as behavioral compulsions like excessive gambling or even uncontrollable shopping. Behavioral economics and neurophysiology provide well-worn paths to understanding this behavior and this book regards them as central components of this quest. However, the specific question it seeks to answer is, What part does cognition – the desires we pursue and the beliefs we have about how to accomplish them – play in explaining addictive behavior? The answer is sought in a methodology that indicates why and where cognitive explanation is necessary, the form it should take, and the outcomes of employing it to understand addiction. It applies the Behavioral Perspective Model (BPM) of consumer choice, a tried and tested theory of more routine consumption, ranging from everyday product and brand choice, through credit purchasing and environmental despoliation, to the more extreme aspects of consumption represented by compulsion and addiction. The book will advance debate among behavioral scientists, cognitive psychologists, and other professionals about the nature of economic and social behavior.
The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction
Author: Hanna Pickard
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2018-06-13
Total Pages: 1288
ISBN-13: 1317423402
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe problem of addiction is one of the major challenges and controversies confronting medicine and society. It also poses important and complex philosophical and scientific problems. What is addiction? Why does it occur? And how should we respond to it, as individuals and as a society? The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this exciting subject. It spans several disciplines and is the first collection of its kind. Organised into three clear parts, forty-five chapters by a team of international contributors examine key areas, including: the meaning of addiction to individuals conceptions of addiction varieties and taxonomies of addiction methods and models of addiction evolution and addiction history, sociology and anthropology population distribution and epidemiology developmental processes vulnerabilities and resilience psychological and neural mechanisms prevention, treatment and spontaneous recovery public health and the ethics of care social justice, law and policy. Essential reading for students and researchers in addiction research and in philosophy, particularly philosophy of mind and psychology and ethics, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction will also be of great interest to those in related fields, such as medicine, mental health, social work, and social policy.
