Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model of Drugs and Their Pharmacokinetic Differences between Normal and Disease States
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model of Drugs and Their Pharmacokinetic Differences between Normal and Disease States

Author: Zipeng Gong

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2024-08-14

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 2832553192

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In the main frame of the above research topic, 16 contributions have been published including but not limited to the comparative pharmacokinetics between normal and disease status, the changes in the expression and function of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters in disease status and their related regulatory mechanisms, ADME/toxicity of drugs as well as their regulation, drug-drug interactions mediated by nuclear receptors, transporters and metabolic enzymes based on the methods and techniques of pharmacokinetics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. However , the pharmacokinetic study is not only crucial in the development of new drugs, but also the study of pharmacokinetic-pharmacokinetic(PK-PD) model plays an important role in the process of new drug development. PK-PD model can reveal the internal relationship between drug concentration and effect, help to understand the dynamic characteristics of the drug action site in vivo and deduce the action site producing effect and drug concentration at the action site, which enables researchers to recognize the comprehensive characteristics of drug PK and PD processes in vivo. However, preclinical pharmacokinetic data are mainly derived from healthy animals, which is unreasonable. On the one hand, patients are the final consumers of drugs because drugs are mainly used to treat patients with diseases. On the other hand, whether the body is in a pathological state and the severity of the disease have different effects on the ADMEof drugs, which is closely related to whether the clinical drug is safe and effective. Therefore, studying the pharmacokinetics and PK-PD model in disease states is more meaningful and clinically relevant.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)
Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Author: King K. Holmes

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2017-11-06

Total Pages: 1027

ISBN-13: 1464805253

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Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic
Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2017-09-28

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 0309459575

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Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.

Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects of Drugs
Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects of Drugs

Author: Ntambwe Malangu

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-05-23

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 1789231388

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This book is a fruit of a collaborative work from several international scientists. It will be a useful resource for researchers, students, and clinicians. Each individual chapter could serve as a prescribed reading for postgraduate students and clinicians specializing in and practicing clinical pharmacology and toxicology, pharmacotherapy and pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacovigilance, and toxicovigilance, as well as those involved in clinical research, drug discovery, and development. Every chapter in this book discusses and provides illustrations on the theme discussed based on authors' understanding and experience while summarizing existing knowledge. In doing so, each chapter provides a new insight that would benefit a novice as well as a seasoned reader in understanding the pharmacokinetic mechanisms and risk factors involved in the occurrence of adverse effects of drugs.

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Author: Jun Lin

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2015-06-01

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 2889195260

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Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions
Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions

Author: Joseph I. Boullata

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-03-17

Total Pages: 823

ISBN-13: 160327362X

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Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions, Second Edition is an essential new work that provides a scientific look behind many drug-nutrient interactions, examines their relevance, offers recommendations, and suggests research questions to be explored. In the five years since publication of the first edition of the Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions new perspectives have emerged and new data have been generated on the subject matter. Providing both the scientific basis and clinical relevance with appropriate recommendations for many interactions, the topic of drug-nutrient interactions is significant for clinicians and researchers alike. For clinicians in particular, the book offers a guide for understanding, identifying or predicting, and ultimately preventing or managing drug-nutrient interactions to optimize patient care. Divided into six sections all chapters have been revised or are new to this edition. Chapters balance the most technical information with practical discussions and include outlines that reflect the content; discussion questions that can guide the reader to the critical areas covered in each chapter, complete definitions of terms with the abbreviation fully defined and consistent use of terms between chapters. The editors have performed an outstanding service to clinical pharmacology and pharmaco-nutrition by bringing together a multi-disciplinary group of authors. Handbook of Drug-Nutrient Interactions, Second Edition is a comprehensive up-to-date text for the total management of patients on drug and/or nutrition therapy but also an insight into the recent developments in drug-nutrition interactions which will act as a reliable reference for clinicians and students for many years to come.