Optimal Spectrum Filtering for the Radar Detection of Targets in Clutter
Optimal Spectrum Filtering for the Radar Detection of Targets in Clutter

Author: John K. Schindler

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 52

ISBN-13:

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A novel radar technique is proposed for detecting the presence of a target having a priori known frequency-dependent scattering properties. The target coexists with a large collection of clutter elements having random scattering properties and ranges. Assuming a wideband random signal excitation, the power spectrum of the scattered field consists of the target return having an a priori known frequency behavior embedded in a clutter return having a random frequency dependence. On an ensemble average basis, the clutter appears as additive noise from which the existence of a prescribed target return must be extracted.

Optimal Spectrum Filtering for the Radar Detection of Targets in Clutter
Optimal Spectrum Filtering for the Radar Detection of Targets in Clutter

Author: John K. Schindler

Publisher:

Published: 1969

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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A novel radar technique is proposed for detecting the presence of a target having a priori known frequency-dependent scattering properties. The target coexists with a large collection of clutter elements having random scattering properties and ranges. Assuming a wideband random signal excitation, the power spectrum of the scattered field consists of the target return having an a priori known frequency behavior embedded in a clutter return having a random frequency dependence. On an ensemble average basis, the clutter appears as additive noise from which the existence of a prescribed target return must be extracted.

The Application of Lattice-Structure Adaptive Filters to Clutter-Suppression for Scanning Radar
The Application of Lattice-Structure Adaptive Filters to Clutter-Suppression for Scanning Radar

Author: C. Gibson

Publisher:

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 10

ISBN-13:

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This paper describes the use of an adaptive filter to enhance the detection of moving targets in the presence of clutter. The scanning and pulsing rates of a typical surveillance radar produce, within each resolution cell, a time-series of samples at a given range, resulting from the consecutive pulses. In the case of coherent radar, this time-series corresponds to the Doppler spectrum of that resolution cell, containing radial velocity information on both targets and clutter within the cell. An adaptive filter can be used to enhance the target signal over the clutter signal by matching the clutter spectrum, thus whitening the filter output, so that only the target's spectral components stand out. It is possible for the filter to discriminate between the clutter spectrum and the target spectrum because clutter is generally a diffuse source, spread over many adjacent cells, while the target is generally a point source, occupying a single cell.

Radar Ground Clutter Measurement and Models. Part 2. Spectral Characteristics and Temporal Statistics
Radar Ground Clutter Measurement and Models. Part 2. Spectral Characteristics and Temporal Statistics

Author: Hing C. Chan

Publisher:

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 14

ISBN-13:

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The performance of ground-based surveillance radars is affected by the spectral characteristics and the temporal statistics of ground clutter. Traditionally, ground clutter problems are treated by employing filtering techniques such as delay-line cancellers. These techniques result in a degraded detection performance of low-velocity targets. With the worsening congestion in air traffic, there is an increased demand for improved performance of low-velocity target detection. To improve the detection performance of ground-based surveillance radars for low-velocity targets, signal processing algorithms which exploit ground-clutter characteristics must be developed. This requires a thorough understanding of ground-clutter behaviour. In this paper, we report the results of the spectral and statistical analyses of low-angle ground clutter, using data of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Phase I program and S-band coherent ground-clutter data collected by the Radar Division of the Defence research Establishment Ottawa. The results of the spectral analysis show that ground clutter, as observed by a coherent radar with a stationary antenna, comprises three components: (a) a coherent component, (b) a slow-diffuse component and (c) a fast-diffuse component. These components can be described by relatively simple models. The model parameters are functions of radar frequency, waveform resolution, land cover and wind speed.

Processing for Maximum Signal-to-clutter in AMTI Radars
Processing for Maximum Signal-to-clutter in AMTI Radars

Author: William Bernard Goggins

Publisher:

Published: 1974

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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Phased array antennas and doppler signal processors designed to complement each other have been successfully used to maximize the signal-to-clutter (S/C) performance of AMTI radars. The optimum receiving antennas described in this paper allow for nonuniformities created in the ground-clutter doppler spectrum by the transmitting antenna and processing of the received doppler signal; the optimum signal-to-clutter digital processors allow for clutter spectra shaped by the combined effects of the transmitting-receiving antennas. The emphasis has been placed on producing antenna-processor designs that have complementary pass and reject bands. The mathematical techniques used in these designs maximize the ratio between the target signal and the clutter-plus-noise, expressed as a ratio of quadratic forms. The solution for the optimum design, which depends principally on the inversion of a single matrix rather than on any recursive technique, is obtained in closed form.

Improved Spectrum Analysis Noise Radar Systems
Improved Spectrum Analysis Noise Radar Systems

Author: F. Sheppard Holt

Publisher:

Published: 1973

Total Pages: 72

ISBN-13:

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Basic cross-correlation and spectrum analysis type noise radars are defined and analyzed. Inherent undesirable characteristics of the basic spectrum analysis type radar are discussed. A modification of the spectrum analysis radar that removes most of these undesirable characteristics is described and evaluated. A new spectrum analysis system designed to detect moving targets is presented. Comparison is made of the detection capabilities of all four noise radar systems in the presence of extraneous noise. (Author).

Adaptive Radar Detection and Estimation
Adaptive Radar Detection and Estimation

Author: Simon Haykin

Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Published: 1992-04-15

Total Pages: 504

ISBN-13:

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Adaptive processing in a radar environment is necessary due to its inherently nonstable nature. A detailed mathematical treatment of the important issues in adaptive radar detection and estimation is offered. Since much of the material presented has not appeared in book form, you'll find this work fills an important gap in the known literature. Following an overview of the subject, contributors develop model-based techniques for the detection of radar targets in the presence of clutter; discuss minimum variance beamforming techniques; consider maximum likelihood bearing estimation in beamspace for an adaptive phased array radar; present an algorithm for angle-of-arrival estimation; and describe the method of multiple windows for spectrum estimation.

Ultrawideband Radar
Ultrawideband Radar

Author: James D. Taylor

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-12-19

Total Pages: 539

ISBN-13: 1351834436

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Providing a practical review of the latest technology in the field, Ultrawideband Radar Applications and Design presents cutting-edge advances in theory, design, and practical applications of ultrawideband (UWB) radar. This book features contributions from an international team of experts to help readers learn about a wide range of UWB topics, including: History of the technology American and European governmental regulations and key definitions Nonsinusoidal wave propagation theory Random signal radar Object detection by ground permittivity measurements Large-target backscattering effects Medical applications Large current radiator antenna design Materials-penetrating theory Radar signal processing Weak-signal detection methods Holographic and real time radar imaging This book’s contributors use practical information to illustrate the latest theoretical developments and demonstrate UWB radar principles through case studies. Radar system engineers will find ideas for precision electronic sensing systems for use in medical, security, industrial, construction, and geophysical applications, as well as those used in archeological, forensic and transportation operations.

The Sparse Fourier Transform
The Sparse Fourier Transform

Author: Haitham Hassanieh

Publisher: Morgan & Claypool

Published: 2018-02-27

Total Pages: 279

ISBN-13: 1947487051

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The Fourier transform is one of the most fundamental tools for computing the frequency representation of signals. It plays a central role in signal processing, communications, audio and video compression, medical imaging, genomics, astronomy, as well as many other areas. Because of its widespread use, fast algorithms for computing the Fourier transform can benefit a large number of applications. The fastest algorithm for computing the Fourier transform is the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which runs in near-linear time making it an indispensable tool for many applications. However, today, the runtime of the FFT algorithm is no longer fast enough especially for big data problems where each dataset can be few terabytes. Hence, faster algorithms that run in sublinear time, i.e., do not even sample all the data points, have become necessary. This book addresses the above problem by developing the Sparse Fourier Transform algorithms and building practical systems that use these algorithms to solve key problems in six different applications: wireless networks; mobile systems; computer graphics; medical imaging; biochemistry; and digital circuits. This is a revised version of the thesis that won the 2016 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award.