Obesidade Infantil

Obesidade Infantil

Author: MAX EDITORIAL

Publisher: Max Editorial

Published: 2023-09-17

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13: 1991094884

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A obesidade infantil é um problema de saúde pública crescente que envolve o acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal em crianças e adolescentes. Essa condição é uma das preocupações mais prementes da atualidade, dado seu impacto substancial na saúde e bem-estar das gerações mais jovens. Este capítulo discutirá a definição e prevalência da obesidade infantil, bem como destacará a importância do tópico no contexto da saúde pública. Definição e Prevalência da Obesidade Infantil A obesidade infantil é caracterizada por um excesso de peso corporal que está associado a riscos para a saúde. Ela é frequentemente avaliada usando o índice de massa corporal (IMC), que leva em consideração a relação entre peso e altura. Quando o IMC de uma criança ou adolescente está acima dos limites estabelecidos para sua faixa etária, ela é considerada obesa. No entanto, vale ressaltar que a obesidade infantil não é apenas um problema de estética, mas sim uma questão de saúde que está intimamente ligada a uma série de condições médicas, como diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão, doenças cardiovasculares e distúrbios musculoesqueléticos. A prevalência da obesidade infantil tem aumentado dramaticamente nas últimas décadas. Isso se tornou um fenômeno global, afetando tanto países desenvolvidos quanto em desenvolvimento. A transição de padrões alimentares menos saudáveis, aliada ao estilo de vida sedentário e à exposição constante a alimentos ultraprocessados, contribuiu para a disseminação desse problema. As taxas de obesidade infantil variam de acordo com as regiões e as populações, mas em muitos lugares, os números são alarmantes e indicam uma crise de saúde pública. Importância do Tópico e Sua Relevância para a Saúde Pública A obesidade infantil não deve ser subestimada, pois suas implicações vão muito além das preocupações de saúde individuais. Ela tem um impacto profundo nas comunidades, sistemas de saúde e economia em geral. Crianças obesas correm maior risco de se tornarem adultos obesos, aumentando as chances de desenvolver doenças crônicas debilitantes e onerosas. Isso coloca uma pressão significativa nos sistemas de saúde, consumindo recursos valiosos que poderiam ser alocados para outras áreas. Além disso, a obesidade infantil também influencia questões sociais e emocionais. Crianças obesas muitas vezes enfrentam discriminação, bullying e baixa autoestima, o que pode prejudicar seu desenvolvimento psicossocial. Isso pode ter efeitos duradouros ao longo da vida, afetando a qualidade de vida e a participação produtiva na sociedade. Em vista desses desafios, abordar a obesidade infantil tornou-se uma prioridade global. A necessidade de intervenções preventivas eficazes, programas de educação nutricional, promoção da atividade física e mudanças nas políticas públicas é crucial para reverter essa tendência preocupante. Este livro explorará essas questões em detalhes, fornecendo insights sobre as causas subjacentes, consequências e abordagens multidisciplinares que podem ser adotadas para enfrentar a epidemia de obesidade infantil de maneira abrangente e eficaz.


Learning Strategies and Constructionism in Modern Education Settings

Learning Strategies and Constructionism in Modern Education Settings

Author: Daniela, Linda

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2018-06-08

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 1522554319

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Educational strategies have evolved over the years due to research breakthroughs and the application of technology. By using the latest learning innovations, curriculum and instructional design can be enhanced and strengthened. Also, as learners move away from traditional scholarly media and toward technology-based education, students gain an advantage in learning about their world and how to interact with modern society. Learning Strategies and Constructionism in Modern Education Settings is a critical scholarly resource that enhances the competencies of educational professionals by providing practical advice on providing an innovative educational process to promote the cognitive growth of individuals, regardless of special needs or obstacles. The book features coverage on a variety of topics including integration approaches of digital media in the teaching/learning process, the role of parents for developing digital literacy in their young children, and the effectiveness of using technology tools to teach mathematics. As a publication focused on education advancements through technology, the book serves as a useful resource for academicians, educators, school administrators, and individuals seeking current research on education technologies.


Junk Food Politics

Junk Food Politics

Author: Eduardo J. Gómez

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2023-01-31

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 1421444291

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Why do sugary beverage and fast food industries thrive in the emerging world? An interesting public health paradox has emerged in some developing nations. Despite government commitment to eradicating noncommunicable diseases and innovative prevention programs aimed at reducing obesity and type 2 diabetes, sugary beverage and fast food industries are thriving. But political leaders in countries such as Mexico, Brazil, India, China, and Indonesia are reluctant to introduce policies regulating the marketing and sale of their products, particularly among vulnerable groups like children and the poor. Why? In Junk Food Politics, Eduardo J. Gómez argues that the challenge lies with the strategic politics of junk food industries in these countries. Industry leaders have succeeded in creating supportive political coalitions by, ironically, partnering with governments to promote soda taxes, food labeling, and initiatives focused on public awareness and exercise while garnering presidential support (and social popularity) through contributions to government anti-hunger and anti-poverty campaigns. These industries have also manipulated scientific research by working with academic allies while creating their own support bases among the poor through employment programs and community services. Taken together, these tactics have hampered people's ability to mobilize in support of stricter regulation for the marketing and sale of unhealthy products made by companies such as Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, and Nestlé. Drawing on detailed historical case studies, Junk Food Politics proposes an alternative political science framework that emphasizes how junk food corporations restructure politics and society before agenda-setting ever takes place. This pathbreaking book also reveals how these global corporations further their policy influence through the creation of transnational nongovernmental organizations that support industry views.


Compendium report on multisectoral actions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases and mental health conditions

Compendium report on multisectoral actions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases and mental health conditions

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2024-05-03

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 9240088806

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Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and mental health conditions have a profound impact on societies, communities and individuals around the world. Their risk factors and determinants extend beyond the traditional health sector. Addressing this complex challenge necessitates interventions that reach beyond the boundaries of public health and requires a coherent, coordinated approach across all relevant governmental sectors. Understanding, documenting and sharing how governments implement multisectoral actions are essential to overcome these challenges and identify the capacity needs for coherent and sustainable responses to NCDs and mental health. In 2019, WHO Member States requested the Director-General to provide a consolidated report to the World Health Assembly analysing approaches to multisectoral action for NCD prevention and control, including addressing social, economic and environmental determinants of health. This compendium report is the Secretariat’s response to that request and features case studies from countries across WHO’s six regions.


Guaraná

Guaraná

Author: Seth Garfield

Publisher: UNC Press Books

Published: 2022-11-30

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 146967128X

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In this sweeping chronicle of guarana—a glossy-leaved Amazonian vine packed with more caffeine than any other plant—Seth Garfield develops a wide-ranging approach to the history of Brazil itself. The story begins with guarana as the pre-Columbian cultivar of the Satere-Mawe people in the Lower Amazon region, where it figured centrally in the Indigenous nation's origin stories, dietary regimes, and communal ceremonies. During subsequent centuries of Portuguese colonialism and Brazilian rule, guarana was reformulated by settlers, scientists, folklorists, food technologists, and marketers. Whether in search of pleasure, profits, professional distinction, or patriotic markers, promoters imparted new meanings to guarana and found new uses for it. Today, it is the namesake ingredient of a multibillion-dollar soft drink industry and a beloved national symbol. Guarana's journey elucidates human impacts on Amazonian ecosystems; the circulation of knowledge, goods, and power; and the promise of modernity in Latin America's largest nation. For Garfield, the beverage's history reveals not only the structuring of inequalities in Brazil but also the mythmaking and ordering of social practices that constitute so-called traditional and modern societies.


Sport Psychology in Sports, Exercise and Physical Activity

Sport Psychology in Sports, Exercise and Physical Activity

Author: Hilde Nielsen

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2021-10-20

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13: 1839697199

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Sports psychology is an interdisciplinary science for the purpose of increased participation in sports and physical activity to improve health and wellbeing. It addresses everything from optimal performance and wellbeing of athletes to developing mental and social aspects of participation to systemic issues associated with sports settings and organizations. This book introduces readers to topics within sports psychology with a special focus on motivation, behavior change, and personalities.


Conceitos-chave em Sociologia da Infância. Perspetivas Globais = Key concepts on Sociology of Childhood. Global Perspectives

Conceitos-chave em Sociologia da Infância. Perspetivas Globais = Key concepts on Sociology of Childhood. Global Perspectives

Author: Catarina Tomás

Publisher: UMinho Editora

Published: 2021-12-13

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 9898974451

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Esta obra pretende ocupar um espaço ainda em aberto na área da Sociologia da Infância reunindo os contributos de 55 autores/as, nacional e internacionalmente reconhecidos/as, oriundos de geografias diversificadas, numa análise crítica sobre questões, temáticas e desafios que se colocam hoje na investigação em torno da infância e da(s) criança(s). O objetivo é reunir, num único volume, um conjunto significativo de reflexões científicas sobre conceitos centrais da investigação contemporânea na área, em português e em inglês, para desta forma possibilitar uma maior partilha e divulgação do conhecimento que se vai construindo a nível mundial. This book intends to fill a gap still open in the scientific area of Sociology of Childhood. It brings togheher the contributions of 55 authors, nationally and internationally recognized, from diverse geographies, in a renewed critical analysis on issues, themes and challenges currently placed in research on childhood and on the child(ren). The main goal is to share in a single volume a significant set of scientific reflections on key concepts of contemporary research in the area, in Portuguese and English, aiming to reach wider audiences around the globe.


Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Angiogenesis in the Metabolic Syndrome

Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Angiogenesis in the Metabolic Syndrome

Author: Raquel Soares

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-02-25

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 1402097018

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Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition in developed countries and is a cluster of several risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that includes increased body mass index/waist circumference, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperclycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension, which are all major causes of morbidity and death. This volume provides a critical review and discussion of the knowledge gathered on MS and analyzes the interplay between oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and angiogenesis features. There is a special focus on recent discoveries and progress toward possible therapeutic strategies, such as the role of glucose transporters within MS; the effects of polyphenols as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic compounds. The role of NFkB, nitric oxide synthases, hypoxia-inducible factors, and many other molecules that play a part in the development of oxidative stress and inflammation as well as angiogenesis is also covered. This book fills the gap between basic science and medical care, and provides the reader with the skills to apply rigorous basic science to clinical settings of metabolic syndrome-associated disorders.


Different Profiles Of Gestational Diabetes Identified In Public Maternities

Different Profiles Of Gestational Diabetes Identified In Public Maternities

Author:

Publisher: eSciPub LLC

Published: 2021-01-01

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13: 1950885011

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The vastness of knowledge in the world differs from the selection and organization of information, so that it can be used positively in society. Organizing relevant and pertinent information in the context of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, correlating tothe relevant aspects in the academic context, becomes the objective of this book, since, as researchers, we believe that knowledge is universal. We have the mission of seeking this knowledge and bringing it to the collective as a way to promote the common good through science.In addition, we have as our central focus the search and understanding about Diabetes Mellitus, especially in its subdivision gestational,evaluating its characteristics and how they affect the physiological and social performance of the individual with this pathological condition. The approach to the theme related to the MDG presents several situations that are closely related to the physiological condition of the individual with this disease who did not have an etiology characterized precisely or effectively cure. As organizers, we hope that the content addressed here can contribute to the understanding and development of new studies on the subject and that this can bring continuity of support in the paths of science, health and multidisciplinarity and integrality that the field of human health involves. We invite the reader to embark on this journey towards knowledge.