New Frontiers in Polymer Synthesis

New Frontiers in Polymer Synthesis

Author: Shiro Kobayashi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2008-09-26

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 3540698078

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It is generally accepted that a new material is often developed by ?nding a new synthesis method of reaction or a new reaction catalyst. Historically, a typical example may be referred to as a Ziegler–Natta catalyst, which has allowed large-scale production of petroleum-based polyole?ns since the middle of the 20th century. New polymer synthesis, therefore, will hopefully lead to creation of new polymer materials in the 21st century. This special issue contributed by three groups focuses on recent advances in polymer synthesis methods, which handle the cutting-edge aspects of the advanced technology. The ?rst article by Yokozawa and coworkers contains an overview of the - action control in various condensation polymerizations (polycondensations). Advanced technologies enabled the control of stereochemistry (regio-, g- metrical-, and enantio-selections), chemoselectivity, chain topology, and st- chiometry of monomers, giving a high molecular weight polymer. It has been recognized for a long time, however, that polycondensation is a dif?cult p- cess in controlling the reaction pathway, because the reaction is of step-growth and the reactivity of monomers, oligomers, and polymers are almost the same during the reaction and hence, the molecular weight of polymers and its d- tribution (M /M ) are impossible to regulate. The authors’ group developed w n a new reaction system (chain-growth condensation polymerization), changing the nature of polycondensation from step-growth to chain-growth; namely the propagating chain-end is active, allowing for control of the product molecular weight as well as the distribution.


New Frontiers in Polymer Synthesis

New Frontiers in Polymer Synthesis

Author: Shiro Kobayashi

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2008-09-09

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 3540698086

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It is generally accepted that a new material is often developed by ?nding a new synthesis method of reaction or a new reaction catalyst. Historically, a typical example may be referred to as a Ziegler–Natta catalyst, which has allowed large-scale production of petroleum-based polyole?ns since the middle of the 20th century. New polymer synthesis, therefore, will hopefully lead to creation of new polymer materials in the 21st century. This special issue contributed by three groups focuses on recent advances in polymer synthesis methods, which handle the cutting-edge aspects of the advanced technology. The ?rst article by Yokozawa and coworkers contains an overview of the - action control in various condensation polymerizations (polycondensations). Advanced technologies enabled the control of stereochemistry (regio-, g- metrical-, and enantio-selections), chemoselectivity, chain topology, and st- chiometry of monomers, giving a high molecular weight polymer. It has been recognized for a long time, however, that polycondensation is a dif?cult p- cess in controlling the reaction pathway, because the reaction is of step-growth and the reactivity of monomers, oligomers, and polymers are almost the same during the reaction and hence, the molecular weight of polymers and its d- tribution (M /M ) are impossible to regulate. The authors’ group developed w n a new reaction system (chain-growth condensation polymerization), changing the nature of polycondensation from step-growth to chain-growth; namely the propagating chain-end is active, allowing for control of the product molecular weight as well as the distribution.


Handbook of Polymers in Medicine

Handbook of Polymers in Medicine

Author: Masoud Mozafari

Publisher: Woodhead Publishing

Published: 2023-08-30

Total Pages: 802

ISBN-13: 0128237988

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Handbook of Polymers in Medicine combines core concepts and advanced research on polymers, providing a better understanding of this class of materials in medicine. The book covers all aspects of medical polymers from characteristics and biocompatibility, to the diverse array of applications in medicine. Chapters cover an introduction to polymers in medicine and the challenges associated with biocompatibility in human tissue, polyurethane and supramolecular polymers and their specific applications in medicine, from tissue regeneration to orthopedic surgery and cancer therapeutics. This book offers an interdisciplinary approach that will appeal to researchers in a range of disciplines, including biomedical engineering, materials science, chemistry, pharmacology and translational medicine. The book will also make a useful reference for clinicians and those in medical fields who are interested in materials for medical applications, as well as R&D groups involved in medical device design. - Systematically covers individual polymer classes, from characteristics and biocompatibility to applications in biomedicine - Covers a broad range of applications in medicine, such as cardiac tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, dentistry, and more - Provides an interdisciplinary review of polymers in medicine, allowing advanced students and experienced researchers in a range of biomedical and clinical fields to learn more about this fast-evolving area


The New Frontiers of Organic and Composite Nanotechnology

The New Frontiers of Organic and Composite Nanotechnology

Author: Victor Erokhin

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-10-10

Total Pages: 505

ISBN-13: 0080554075

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The New Frontiers of Organic and Composite Nanotechnology is an attempt to illustrate current status of modern nanotechnology. The book is divided into 3 main sections, introduction and conclusion. The introduction describes general questions of the problem and main lines of the research activities. In the first section methods of the nanostructures construction are described. Second section is dedicated to the Structure-property relationship. Special attention is paid to the description of the most powerful experimental methods and tools used in nanotechnology, such as probe microscopies, spectroscopied, and scattering methods, including the utilization of synchrotron radiation facilities. The third section describes the applications of nanotechnology in electronics, biotechnology and diagnostics. Conclusion part presents a summary of the status of works in this area and gives some perspectives of the further development. - Reference to practically all original works with essential results, that resulted in the development of nanotechnology - Coherent group of well-known authors in the field of nanotechnology - Book spans topics applicable for both the didactic and research


New Frontiers and Applications of Synthetic Biology

New Frontiers and Applications of Synthetic Biology

Author: Vijai Singh

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2022-01-12

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 0323859860

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New Frontiers and Applications of Synthetic Biology presents a collection of chapters from eminent synthetic biologists across the globe who have established experience and expertise working with synthetic biology. This book offers several important areas of synthetic biology which allow us to read and understand easily. It covers the introduction of synthetic biology and design of promoter, new DNA synthesis and sequencing technology, genome assembly, minimal cells, small synthetic RNA, directed evolution, protein engineering, computational tools, de novo synthesis, phage engineering, a sensor for microorganisms, next-generation diagnostic tools, CRISPR-Cas systems, and more. This book is a good source for not only researchers in designing synthetic biology, but also for researchers, students, synthetic biologists, metabolic engineers, genome engineers, clinicians, industrialists, stakeholders and policymakers interested in harnessing the potential of synthetic biology in many areas. - Offers basic understanding and knowledge in several aspects of synthetic biology - Covers state-of-the-art tools and technologies of synthetic biology, including promoter design, DNA synthesis, DNA sequencing, genome design, directed evolution, protein engineering, computational tools, phage design, CRISPR-Cas systems, and more - Discusses the applications of synthetic biology for smart drugs, vaccines, therapeutics, drug discovery, self-assembled materials, cell free systems, microfluidics, and more


Flow Chemistry

Flow Chemistry

Author: Santiago V Luis

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2019-09-18

Total Pages: 560

ISBN-13: 1788018931

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Historically pharmaceutical and fine chemical products have been synthesised using batch methods, but increasingly chemists are looking towards flow chemistry as a greener and more efficient alternative. In flow chemistry reactions are performed in a reactor with the reactants pumped through it. It has the benefit of being easily scaled up and it is straightforward to integrate synthesis, workup and analysis into one system. Flow chemistry is considered a greener alternative to batch chemistry because it is easier to control and minimise hazardous intermediates and by-products. There is significant interest in the use of flow chemistry both in the lab and on an industrial scale. Flow Chemistry provides an update on recent advances that have been made in the field. Particular emphasis is given to the new integrated approaches that bring together several elements to implement flow processes as a regular green chemistry tool for the chemical industries. With chapter contributions from several well-known experts in the field, this book is a valuable resource for researchers working in green chemistry and synthesis, chemical engineers and industrial chemists working in the pharmaceutical and fine chemicals industries.


Silicon Polymers

Silicon Polymers

Author: Aziz M. Muzafarov

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2010-10-14

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 3642160484

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Modern Synthetic and Application Aspects of Polysilanes: An Underestimated Class of Materials?, by A. Feigl, A. Bockholt, J. Weis, and B. Rieger; * Conjugated Organosilicon Materials for Organic Electronics and Photonics, by Sergei A. Ponomarenko and Stephan Kirchmeyer; * Polycarbosilanes Based on Silicon-Carbon Cyclic Monomers, by E.Sh. Finkelshtein, N.V. Ushakov, and M.L. Gringolts; * New Synthetic Strategies for Structured Silicones Using B(C6F5)3, by Michael A. Brook, John B. Grande, and François Ganachaud; * Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes with Controlled Structure: Formation and Application in New Si-Based Polymer Systems, by Yusuke Kawakami, Yuriko Kakihana, Akio Miyazato, Seiji Tateyama, and Md. Asadul Hoque;


Shape-Memory Polymers

Shape-Memory Polymers

Author: Andreas Lendlein

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2010-06-03

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 3642123597

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Table of Contents -Shape-Memory Polymers and Shape-Changing Polymers By M. Behl, J. Zotzmann, and A. Lendlein -Shape-Memory Polymer Composites By Samy A. Madbouly and Andreas Lendlein -Characterization Methods for Shape-Memory Polymers By W. Wagermaier, K. Kratz, M. Heuchel, and A. Lendlein -Shape-Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications By Christopher M. Yakacki and Ken Gall -Controlled Drug Release from Biodegradable Shape-Memory Polymers By ChristianWischke, Axel T. Neffe, and Andreas Lendlein