Plasma Technology
Plasma Technology

Author: M. Capitelli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1461534003

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The present book contains the proceedings of the workshop "Plasma Technology and Applications" which was held at 11 Ciocco (Lucca-Italy) during 5-6 July 1991. The workshop was organized just before ICPIG XX to emphasize the role of plasma physics and plasma chemistry in different fields of technology. Topics cover different applications such as lamps, plasma treatment of materials (etching, deposition, nitriding), plasma sources (microwave excitation, negative ion sources) and plasma destruction of pollutants. Several chapters deal with basic concepts in plasma physics, non equilibrium plasma modeling and plasma diagnostics as well as with laser interaction with solid targets. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by university of Bari (Italy) and by CNR (Centro di Studio per la Chimica dei Plasmi, Istituto di Fisica Atomica e Molecolare (IFAM) and Progetto Finalizzato Materiali Speciali per Tecnologie Avanzate) as well as the sponsorship of ENEA. M. Capitelli C. Gorse v CONTENTS Plasmas in nature, laboratory and technology 1 A.M. Ignatov and A.A. Rukhadze Laser diagnostics of plasmas 11 L. Pyatnitsky Probe diagnostics of plasmas 27 G. Dilecce Theory, properties and applications of non equilibrium plasmas created by external energy sources 45 E. Son Non-Equilibrium plasma modeling 59 M. Capitel1i, R. Celiberto, G. Capriati, C. Gorse and S. Longo Gas discharge lamps 81 M. Koedam Plasma etching processes and diagnostics 93 R. d'Agostino and F. Fracassi Plasma deposition: processes and diagnostics 109 A

Handbook of Ion Sources
Handbook of Ion Sources

Author: Bernhard Wolf

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1995-08-31

Total Pages: 558

ISBN-13: 9780849325021

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The Handbook of Ion Sources delivers the data needed for daily work with ion sources. It also gives information for the selection of a suitable ion source and ion production method for a specific application. The Handbook concentrates on practical aspects and introduces the principle function of ion sources. The basic plasma parameters are defined and discussed. The working principles of various ion sources are explained, and examples of each type of ion source are presented with their operational data. Tables of ion current for various elements and charge states summarize the performance of different ion sources. The problems related to the production of ions of non-gaseous elements are detailed, and data on useful materials for evaporation and ion source construction are summarized. Additional chapters are dedicated to extraction and beam formation, ion beam diagnosis, ion source electronics, and computer codes for extraction, acceleration, and beam transport. Emittance and brilliance are described and space charge effects and neutralization discussed. Various methods for the measurement of current, profile, emittance, and time structure are presented and compared. Intensity limits for these methods are provided for different ion energies. Typical problems related to the operation of ion source plasmas are discussed and practical examples of circuits are given. The influence of high voltage on ion source electronics and possibilities for circuit protection are covered. The generation of microwaves and various microwave equipment are described and special problems related to microwave operation are summarized. The Handbook of Ion Sources is a valuable reference on the subject, of benefit to practitioners and graduate students interested in accelerators, ion implantation, and ion beam techniques.

The Physics and Technology of Ion Sources
The Physics and Technology of Ion Sources

Author: Ian G. Brown

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2006-03-06

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 3527604545

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The first edition of this title has become a well-known reference book on ion sources. The field is evolving constantly and rapidly, calling for a new, up-to-date version of the book. In the second edition of this significant title, editor Ian Brown, himself an authority in the field, compiles yet again articles written by renowned experts covering various aspects of ion source physics and technology. The book contains full chapters on the plasma physics of ion sources, ion beam formation, beam transport, computer modeling, and treats many different specific kinds of ion sources in sufficient detail to serve as a valuable reference text.

Nonequilibrium Processes in Partially Ionized Gases
Nonequilibrium Processes in Partially Ionized Gases

Author: M. Capitelli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 682

ISBN-13: 1461537800

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The NATO . Advanced Research Insti tute on Nonequilibrium Processes in Partially Ionized Gases was held at Acquafredda di Maratea during 4-17 June 1989. The Institute considered the interconnections between scattering and transport theories and modeling of nonequilibrium systems generated by electrical discharges, emphasizing the importance of microscopic processes in affecting the bulk properties of plasmas. The book tries to reproduce these lines. In particular several contributions describe scattering cross sections involving electrons interacting with atoms and molecules in both ground and excited states (from theoretical and experimental point of view), of energy transfer processes as well as reactive ones involving excited molecules colliding with atoms and molecules as well as with metallic surfaces. Other contributions deal with the basis of transport theories (Boltzmann and Monte Carlo methods) for describing the bulk properties of non equilibrium plasmas as well as with the modeling of complicated systems emphasizing in particular the strong coupling between the Boltzmann equation and excited state kinetics. Finally the book contains several contributions describing applications in different fields such as Excimer Lasers, Negative Ion Production, RF Discharges, Plasma Chemistry, Atmospheric Processes and Physics of Lamps. The Organizing Committee gratefully acknowledges the generous financial support provided by the NATO Science Committee as well as by Azienda Autonoma di Soggiorno e Turismo of Maratea, by University of Bari, by C. N. R. (Centro di Studio per la Chimica dei Plasmi and Comitato per la Chimica), by ENEA, by Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and by US Army Research Office.

Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams
Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams

Author: Martin Reiser

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2008-09-26

Total Pages: 634

ISBN-13: 3527617639

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Although particle accelerators are the book's main thrust, it offers a broad synoptic description of beams which applies to a wide range of other devices such as low-energy focusing and transport systems and high-power microwave sources. Develops material from first principles, basic equations and theorems in a systematic way. Assumptions and approximations are clearly indicated. Discusses underlying physics and validity of theoretical relationships, design formulas and scaling laws. Features a significant amount of recent work including image effects and the Boltzmann line charge density profiles in bunched beams.

Ionospheres
Ionospheres

Author: Robert Schunk

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-08-20

Total Pages: 641

ISBN-13: 0521877067

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Describes the physical, plasma and chemical processes controlling ionospheres, upper atmospheres and exospheres, for researchers and graduates.

Large Ion Beams
Large Ion Beams

Author: A. Theodore Forrester

Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Published: 1988-05-02

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13:

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Magneto-Solid Mechanics Francis C. Moon Comprehensively treats, in monograph form, problems directly related to magneto-solid mechanics. Provides a thoroughly modern examination of the stresses, dynamics, and stability of magneto-mechanical devices such as superconducting magnets, levitated vehicles, magnetic mass drivers, electromagnets, and actuators. Over 60 specific coupled-magneto-mechanical problems are discussed and analyzed, and well over 200 illustrations are included. Physical concepts are introduced early, along with summaries of the basic equations of magneto-solid mechanics, magnetic forces, and energy. 1984 (0 471-88536-3) 436 pp. Chaotic Vibrations An Introduction for Applied Scientists and Engineers Francis C. Moon A valuable work which helps to translate new mathematical ideas in non-linear dynamics and chaos into a language that engineers and scientists can understand. As such it provides specific examples and applications of chaotic dynamics in the physical world and describes how to perform both computer and physical experiments in chaotic dynamics. New ideas in dynamics are explained such as Poincare maps, fractal dimensions and Lyapunov exponents. Includes a glossary of chaotic dynamics terms, a list of computer experiments, and an appendix of details for a demonstration experiment. 1987 (0 471-85685-1) 300 pp.

Handbook of Vacuum Technology
Handbook of Vacuum Technology

Author: Karl Jousten

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2016-06-14

Total Pages: 1050

ISBN-13: 3527688250

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This comprehensive, standard work has been updated to remain an important resource for all those needing detailed knowledge of the theory and applications of vacuum technology. The text covers the existing knowledge on all aspects of vacuum science and technology, ranging from fundamentals to components and operating systems. It features many numerical examples and illustrations to help visualize the theoretical issues, while the chapters are carefully cross-linked and coherent symbols and notations are used throughout the book. The whole is rounded off by a user-friendly appendix of conversion tables, mathematical tools, material related data, overviews of processes and techniques, equipment-related data, national and international standards, guidelines, and much more. As a result, engineers, technicians, and scientists will be able to develop and work successfully with the equipment and environment found in a vacuum.

The Happiness Effect
The Happiness Effect

Author: Earl Mindell, RPh, MH, PhD

Publisher: Square One Publishers, Inc.

Published: 2016-01-05

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 0757054226

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Imagine a simple force of nature that can: • Provide you with a feeling of well-being • Offer a quick rush of energy • Allow you to sleep better • Relieve asthma, allergies, & other respiratory disorders • Lower blood pressure Sounds crazy, but it’s true, and it’s something that a drug company cannot sell you. The healing power of negative ions first became known to the public in 1900, when a young engineering genius named Nikola Tesla published an article about the amazing work he had been doing with electricity. Using his new invention, the Tesla Coil, he was able to transmit several hundred thousand volts through the air instead of using wires. Even more remarkable, he was able to send the current through this own body without harm. In so doing, he noted that his exposure had a beneficial effect on his body. The effect that Tesla reported was the direct result of negative ions. Now, over a century later, researchers understand the science behind the phenomenon that Tesla experienced. Written by best-selling author and health researcher Dr. Earl Mindell, The Happiness Effect is a complete guide to understanding and using negative ions to create a sense of well-being. The book begins with a clear explanation of negative ions and goes on to trace the history of man’s interest in the nature of electricity. Readers then learn about the exploratory work performed by scientists after Tesla’s breakthrough experiments, and the scientific studies that illuminated the effects of negative ions on human behavior and health. Finally, The Happiness Effect offers a comprehensive guide to the latest devices that can safely and economically produce negative ions to create good health and happiness.

Fusion
Fusion

Author: Garry McCracken

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 0123846560

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"Offers scientists and researchers the scientific basics, up-to-date current research, technical developments, and practical applications needed in fusion energy research/"--pub. desc.