The IEC 61499 standard was developed to model distributed control systems. This book introduces the main concepts and models defined in the IEC 61499 standard, particularly the use of function blocks, covering service interface function blocks, event function blocks, industrial application examples, and future development. The book is written as a user guide for the application of the standard for modeling distributed systems, and will useful for those working in industrial control, software engineering, and manufacturing systems. Lewis is the UK expert on two IEC working groups. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.
This book provides a concise introduction to the main concepts and models defined in the standard for modelling distributed control systems for use in factory automation.
IEC 61499 is the standard for distributed control systems that follows on from the IEC 61131 standard for programmable logic controllers (PLC). This book is a practical guide for component-based development of distributed embedded and control systems as proposed by this international standard.
This revised edition includes all IEC proposed amendments and corrections for the planned 1999 revision of IEC 1131-3, as agreed by the IEC working group. It accurately describes the languages and concepts, and interprets the standard for practical implementation and applications.
Distributed Control Applications: Guidelines, Design Patterns, and Application Examples with the IEC 61499 discusses the IEC 61499 reference architecture for distributed and reconfigurable control and its adoption by industry. The book provides design patterns, application guidelines, and rules for designing distributed control applications based on the IEC 61499 reference model. Moreover, examples from various industrial domains and laboratory environments are introduced and explored.
This book describes a novel approach for the design of embedded systems and industrial automation systems, using a unified model-driven approach that is applicable in both domains. The authors illustrate their methodology, using the IEC 61499 standard as the main vehicle for specification, verification, static timing analysis and automated code synthesis. The well-known synchronous approach is used as the main vehicle for defining an unambiguous semantics that ensures determinism and deadlock freedom. The proposed approach also ensures very efficient implementations either on small-scale embedded devices or on industry-scale programmable automation controllers (PACs). It can be used for both centralized and distributed implementations. Significantly, the proposed approach can be used without the need for any run-time support. This approach, for the first time, blurs the gap between embedded systems and automation systems and can be applied in wide-ranging applications in automotive, robotics, and industrial control systems. Several realistic examples are used to demonstrate for readers how the methodology can enable them to reduce the time-to-market, while improving the design quality and productivity.
Intelligent Control techniques are becoming important tools in both academia and industry. Methodologies developed in the field of soft-computing, such as neural networks, fuzzy systems and evolutionary computation, can lead to accommodation of more complex processes, improved performance and considerable time savings and cost reductions. Intelligent Control Systems using Computational Intellingence Techniques details the application of these tools to the field of control systems. Each chapter gives and overview of current approaches in the topic covered, with a set of the most important references in the field, and then details the author's approach, examining both the theory and practical applications.
This book represents a timely overview of advances in systems safety and security, based on selected, revised and extended contributions from the 2nd and 3rd editions of the International Workshop on Systems Safety and Security – IWSSS, held in 2014 and 2015, respectively, in Bucharest, Romania. It includes 14 chapters, co-authored by 34 researchers from 7 countries. The book provides an useful reference from both theoretical and applied perspectives in what concerns recent progress in this area of critical interest. Contributions, broadly grouped by core topic, address challenges related to information theoretic methods for assuring systems safety and security, cloud-based solutions, image processing approaches, distributed sensor networks and legal or risk analysis viewpoints. These are mostly accompanied by associated case studies providing additional practical value and underlying the broad relevance and impact of the field.
"This book addresses the development of reconfigurable embedded control systems and describes various problems in this important research area, which include static and dynamic (manual or automatic) reconfigurations, multi-agent architectures, modeling and verification, component-based approaches, architecture description languages, distributed reconfigurable architectures, real-time and low power scheduling, execution models, and the implementation of such systems"--
There exist certain key issues to modern industrial automation as modularity, reusability, portability, flexibility, extendibility and reconfigurability to create optimally coordinated automation solution for manufacturing plants. This will feature the operating companies to react fast and flexible to changed customer demands. An appropriate way to realize these issues is an object-oriented control implementation, which has been quite common since the late 90s. This work is focused on the upcoming standard IEC 61499, which defines an object-oriented and event-driven software model, which can be realised by any hardware the engineer prefers. Furthermore, the control implementation is application-oriented and all parts are mapped to available control devices later on. Thus, it is possible to replace one device by another by easily remapping the application. But, does this possibility need certain care during the development of the control application and how could a control engineer be supported to prove the correctness of the plant behaviour in any case? To answer this question the formal model discrete timed Net Condition/Event Systems is used in this work to model in a modular manner the control system and the plant. Both models are connected in closed loop to perform a reachability analysis. It is shown, how a control engineer can examine in a graphical manner the system behaviour for all possible cases by selecting interesting trajectories and drawing them as Gantt-Charts. Since the model of the plant incorporates all sensors and actuators, the state of the corresponding places can be included into the Gantt-Chart.Even if the control engineer has no deep knowledge about the used formal model, this systematic and tool supported way ensures the possibility to analyse the system behaviour in any case, if he changes the control application or remaps it. This will reduce downtimes during production changes and new plant can be brought faster into service.
