Parenting Matters
Parenting Matters

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-11-21

Total Pages: 525

ISBN-13: 0309388570

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Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

The Psychology of Adoption
The Psychology of Adoption

Author: David M. Brodzinsky Associate Professor of Developmental and Clinical Psychology Rutgers University

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 1990-04-12

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 0199772231

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In this volume David Brodzinsky, who has conducted one of the nation's largest studies of adopted children, and Marshall Schechter, a noted child psychiatrist who has been involved with adoption related issues for over forty years, have brought together a group of leading researchers from various disciplines to explore the complex interdisciplinary subject of adoption. While recent empirical work has shown that adopted children are more vulnerable to a host of psychological and school-related problems compared to their nonadopted peers, and that the rate of referral of adopted children to mental-health facilities is far above what would be expected given their representation in the general population, our understanding of the basis for these problems remains unclear. In this book, theoretical, empirical, clinical, and social policy issues offer new insights into the problems facing parents of adopted children, and especially the children themselves. A comprehensive study, The Psychology of Adoption will be of interest to child psychiatrists, developmental and clinical psychologists, social workers, social service providers, and adoptive parents.

Reducing the Risks for Substance Abuse
Reducing the Risks for Substance Abuse

Author: Raymond P. Daugherty

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1998-08-31

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 9780306458996

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Authors Raymond P. Daugherty and Carl Leukefeld argue for replacing the youth-based, `zero tolerance' approach to substance abuse prevention that has been dominant in the field over the past two decades. Their dynamic alternative is the Lifestyle Risk Reduction Model, which revises standard prevention strategies to make them relevant throughout the entire life span. Features of this revolutionary new paradigm include Five Principles of Lifestyle Risk Reduction (LRR), Five Conditions of Effective LRR, and the LLR Formulas.

Active Learning to Minimize the Possible Risk of Future Epidemics
Active Learning to Minimize the Possible Risk of Future Epidemics

Author: KC Santosh

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-12-24

Total Pages: 107

ISBN-13: 9819974429

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Future epidemics are inevitable, and it takes months and even years to collect fully annotated data. The sheer magnitude of data required for machine learning algorithms, spanning both shallow and deep structures, raises a fundamental question: how big data is big enough to effectively tackle future epidemics? In this context, active learning, often referred to as human or expert-in-the-loop learning, becomes imperative, enabling machines to commence learning from day one with minimal labeled data. In unsupervised learning, the focus shifts toward constructing advanced machine learning models like deep structured networks that autonomously learn over time, with human or expert intervention only when errors occur and for limited data—a process we term mentoring. In the context of Covid-19, this book explores the use of deep features to classify data into two clusters (0/1: Covid-19/non-Covid-19) across three distinct datasets: cough sound, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, and chest x-ray (CXR). Not to be confused, our primary objective is to provide a strong assertion on how active learning could potentially be used to predict disease from any upcoming epidemics. Upon request (education/training purpose), GitHub source codes are provided.

Occupational Science
Occupational Science

Author: Gail E. Whiteford

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2012-02-13

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 144433316X

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Occupational Science: Society, Inclusion, Participation is the must have resource for occupational therapists, occupational scientists, students and researchers. The book begins with a comprehensive review of the current literature and the knowledge generated to date. Reasons for the field's limited impact are proposed, including its focus on individuals rather than groups and communities, its psychological view of occupation, and its narrow focus on socially approved occupations. Global realities such as poverty, anti-social behaviour and ageing populations are discussed and implications for action are considered. The second section of the books comprises a series of chapters that address the philosophical, theoretical and scientific bases that underpin and inform everyday decision making in occupational therapy practice. This is followed by a section on methodological and structural considerations. The concluding chapter offers a critical reflection on methods, strategies, values and relationships for the future, to achieve a relevant science that makes a difference to current occupational realities. Written by an internationally renowned team of contributors, this book offers a truly comprehensive critique of the field. Features • Internationally renowned Editors and contributors • First comprehensive text on occupational science • Fully up to date with the latest thinking and research • Links theory to practice