Micro and Macro-level Approaches for Assessing the Value of Irrigation Water
Micro and Macro-level Approaches for Assessing the Value of Irrigation Water

Author: Robert C. Johansson

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 6011709095

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Abstract: Many countries are reforming their economies and setting macroeconomic policies that have direct and indirect impact on the performance of the irrigation sector. One reason for the movement toward reform in the water sector across countries is that water resources are increasingly becoming a limiting factor for many human activities. Another reason for increased pressures to address water policy issues is that many countries are in the process of removing barriers to trade, particularly in agricultural commodities. Therefore, knowledge of the value of water when crafting domestic and macroeconomic policies is important to compare the variable impacts of reform across sectors of the economy and populations within the country. Researchers have used many methods for assessing the value of irrigation water. This survey reviews a broad literature to ascertain how two basic questions have been addressed by research over the past few decades. First, what is the value of water across different sectors and levels? Second, how will this value change under different macroeconomic and domestic policies? This survey details a number of methods for approaching these two questions. The literature has been organized according to a progression from theoretical underpinnings to empirical approaches to how the value of irrigation services are relevant to the link between globalization and poverty.

Micro and Macro-Level Approaches for Assessing the Value of Irrigation Water
Micro and Macro-Level Approaches for Assessing the Value of Irrigation Water

Author: Robert C. Johansson

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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Many countries are reforming their economies and setting macroeconomic policies that have direct and indirect impact on the performance of the irrigation sector. One reason for the movement toward reform in the water sector across countries is that water resources are increasingly becoming a limiting factor for many human activities. Another reason for increased pressures to address water policy issues is that many countries are in the process of removing barriers to trade, particularly in agricultural commodities. Therefore, knowledge of the value of water when crafting domestic and macroeconomic policies is important to compare the variable impacts of reform across sectors of the economy and populations within the country. Researchers have used many methods for assessing the value of irrigation water. This survey reviews a broad literature to ascertain how two basic questions have been addressed by research over the past few decades. First, what is the value of water across different sectors and levels? Second, how will this value change under different macroeconomic and domestic policies? This survey details a number of methods for approaching these two questions. The literature has been organized according to a progression from theoretical underpinnings to empirical approaches to how the value of irrigation services are relevant to the link between globalization and poverty.

Modern Management Based on Big Data II and Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems III
Modern Management Based on Big Data II and Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems III

Author: A.J. Tallón-Ballesteros

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 2021-12-03

Total Pages: 738

ISBN-13: 1643682253

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It is data that guides the path of applications, and Big Data technologies are enabling new paths which can deal with information in a reasonable time to arrive at an approximate solution, rather than a more exact result in an unacceptably long time. This can be particularly important when dealing with an urgent issue such as that of the COVID-19 pandemic. This book presents the proceedings of two conferences: MMBD 2021 and MLIS 2021. The MMBD conference deals with two main subjects; those of Big Data and Modern Management. The MLIS conference aims to provide a platform for knowledge exchange of the most recent scientific and technological advances in the field of machine learning and intelligent systems. Both conferences were originally scheduled to be held from 8-11 November 2021, in Quanzhou, China and Xiamen, China respectively. Both conferences were ultimately held fully online on the same dates, hosted by Huaqiao University in Quanzhou and Xiamen respectively. The book is in two parts, and contains a total of 78 papers (54 from MMBD2021 and 24 from MLIS2021) selected after rigorous review from a total of some 300 submissions. The reviewers bore in mind the breadth and depth of the research topics that fall within the scope of MMBD and MLIS, and selected the 78 most promising and FAIA mainstream-relevant contributions for inclusion in this two-part volume. All the papers present original ideas or results of general significance supported by clear reasoning, compelling evidence and rigorous methods.

Sustainable Water Resource Development and Management
Sustainable Water Resource Development and Management

Author: A. Zaman

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-05-19

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 1000400662

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Sustainable Water Resource Development and Management is a comprehensive volume on this important topic. It broadly covers the sources, availability, demand, and supply of water and its uses in irrigation and crop production in agriculture. It then delves into many specific aspects of water resource development and management, including Irrigation creation and utilization Water storage efficiency, conveyance efficiency, distribution efficiency, and application efficiency The role of water in plant systems and soil-water-plant relationships Estimating the water need for irrigation along with management strategies Water quality in agriculture as well as the impact of water quality on human health Water pricing Wetland management and water productivity Water pollution in agriculture and water contamination in urban and rural areas Examples and case studies are included to illustrate and reinforce the text, such as reviews of river linking projects, adopted water management technologies for agricultural farms, important irrigation projects (both minor and major), and more.Written by two eminent researchers and scientists in agricultural water management, this informative volume is designed for students of agriculture, researchers, policymakers, and teachers engaged in the field of water management.

Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales
Economy-Wide Modeling of Water at Regional and Global Scales

Author: Glyn Wittwer

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-02-07

Total Pages: 223

ISBN-13: 9811361010

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This book deals with the economic modelling of water at the global, national and sub-national levels. It presents a multi-faceted analysis and, while it outlines the theories behind various models, its main purpose is to analyse policy issues and present insights arising from modelling, including a chapter analysing the macroeconomic implications of climate change. Arguably the most compelling reason for publishing a book on the economic modelling of water arises from the fact that agriculture accounts for approximately 70% of water used for economic purposes, while only contributing 4% of global income. Given that water is an essential commodity, this discrepancy may in part be symptomatic of an undervaluation of water due to immature and incomplete markets. In turn, this undervaluation has led to an ongoing misallocation of water. When economic models include water accounts that feed into production functions, they model impacts on the marginal product of water. Policies that improve the link between the marginal product and price of water will improve water allocation, while advanced economic models such as those presented here can enhance our ability to explore the possible impacts of improved policy.

Mapping irrigated areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa
Mapping irrigated areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Author: Cai, Xueliang

Publisher: International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Published: 2017-06-05

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 9290908513

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This report summarizes the findings of a collaborative effort to map and assess irrigated areas in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study was conducted by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) in collaboration with the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) and the Limpopo Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (LDARD), as part of the DAFF-supported ‘Revitalization of irrigation in South Africa’ project. Based on a combination of Landsat and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data, previous irrigated area mapping exercises carried out by DAFF and three-field ground truthing (GT) surveys, a total of 1.6 million hectares (Mha) of cropland were identified, with 262,000 ha actually irrigated in the 2015 winter season. The study also found that only 29% of all land equipped with center pivots was actually irrigated.

The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007
The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007

Author:

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 0821374060

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This pocket-sized reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries includes key indicators on agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The volume helps establish a sound base of information to help set priorities and measure progress toward environmental sustainability goals.

A Framework for Evaluating Alternate Institutional Arrangements for Fiscal Equalization Transfers
A Framework for Evaluating Alternate Institutional Arrangements for Fiscal Equalization Transfers

Author: Anwar Shah

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13:

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Fiscal equalization programs are fairly common features of intergovernmental fiscal relations in industrial countries. Some developing countries have also recently introduced these programs and still others are contemplating such programs. Institutional arrangements for fiscal equalization vary across countries with wide variations in the form and membership of the relevant decisionmaking bodies. This paper provides a simple neo-institutional economics framework for assessing alternative institutional arrangements for their impacts on simplicity, transparency, and objectivity of the equalization program, as well as transaction costs for various parties involved. Comparing institutional arrangements across different countries is a daunting task. The success of these arrangements depends on a multitude of factors. The success of governance structures for fiscal matters may depend not only on the incentives regime associated with their inner structures but also their interactions with other formal and informal institutions in the country. This paper presents a simple framework to understand these incentives and interactions and draw implications for their impacts on transactions costs for the society as a whole and achievement of societal objectives. An application of these concepts to the specific case of institutional arrangements for fiscal equalization transfers are carried out and the predictions based on the theory are compared with observed experiences in major federal countries. The paper demonstrates that the simple new institutional framework presented here has a significant power for predicting potential impacts. The paper concludes, both in theory and practice, that the case for independent grants commission to enhance the transparency, equity, and accountability of the intergovernmental finance system is vastly exaggerated.