This book discusses selected issues of modern electrical metrology in the fields of sensor technology, signal processing and measurement systems, addressing theoretical problems and applications regarding measurements in electrical engineering, mechanics, telecommunications, medicine and geology, as well as in the aviation and transport industries. It presents selected papers from the XXII International Seminar of Metrology “Methods and Techniques of Signal Processing in Physical Measurements” (MSM2018) held in Rzeszów-Arłamów, Poland on September 17–20, 2018. The conference was organized by the Rzeszow University of Technology, Department of Metrology and Diagnostic Systems (Poland) and Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Information Measuring Technology (Ukraine). The book provides researchers and practitioners with insights into the state of the art in these areas, and also serves as a source of new ideas for further development and cooperation.
Photoplethysmography: Technology, Signal Analysis, and Applications is the first comprehensive volume on the theory, principles, and technology (sensors and electronics) of photoplethysmography (PPG). It provides a detailed description of the current state-of-the-art technologies/optical components enabling the extreme miniaturization of such sensors, as well as comprehensive coverage of PPG signal analysis techniques including machine learning and artificial intelligence. The book also outlines the huge range of PPG applications in healthcare, with a strong focus on the contribution of PPG in wearable sensors and PPG for cardiovascular assessment. - Presents the underlying principles and technology surrounding PPG - Includes applications for healthcare and wellbeing - Focuses on PPG in wearable sensors and devices - Presents advanced signal analysis techniques - Includes cutting-edge research, applications and future directions
A digital filter can be pictured as a "black box" that accepts a sequence of numbers and emits a new sequence of numbers. In digital audio signal processing applications, such number sequences usually represent sounds. For example, digital filters are used to implement graphic equalizers and other digital audio effects. This book is a gentle introduction to digital filters, including mathematical theory, illustrative examples, some audio applications, and useful software starting points. The theory treatment begins at the high-school level, and covers fundamental concepts in linear systems theory and digital filter analysis. Various "small" digital filters are analyzed as examples, particularly those commonly used in audio applications. Matlab programming examples are emphasized for illustrating the use and development of digital filters in practice.
“Intelligent Sensing, Instrumentation and Measurements” addresses issues towards the development of sensor nodes for wireless Sensor Networks. The fundamentals of sensors, interfacing, power supplies, configuration of sensor node, and GUI development are covered. The book will be useful for engineers and researchers in the field ,especially for higher undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as practitioners working on the development of Wireless Sensor Networks or Smart Sensors.
A unique treatment of signal processing using a model-based perspective Signal processing is primarily aimed at extracting useful information, while rejecting the extraneous from noisy data. If signal levels are high, then basic techniques can be applied. However, low signal levels require using the underlying physics to correct the problem causing these low levels and extracting the desired information. Model-based signal processing incorporates the physical phenomena, measurements, and noise in the form of mathematical models to solve this problem. Not only does the approach enable signal processors to work directly in terms of the problem's physics, instrumentation, and uncertainties, but it provides far superior performance over the standard techniques. Model-based signal processing is both a modeler's as well as a signal processor's tool. Model-Based Signal Processing develops the model-based approach in a unified manner and follows it through the text in the algorithms, examples, applications, and case studies. The approach, coupled with the hierarchy of physics-based models that the author develops, including linear as well as nonlinear representations, makes it a unique contribution to the field of signal processing. The text includes parametric (e.g., autoregressive or all-pole), sinusoidal, wave-based, and state-space models as some of the model sets with its focus on how they may be used to solve signal processing problems. Special features are provided that assist readers in understanding the material and learning how to apply their new knowledge to solving real-life problems. * Unified treatment of well-known signal processing models including physics-based model sets * Simple applications demonstrate how the model-based approach works, while detailed case studies demonstrate problem solutions in their entirety from concept to model development, through simulation, application to real data, and detailed performance analysis * Summaries provided with each chapter ensure that readers understand the key points needed to move forward in the text as well as MATLAB(r) Notes that describe the key commands and toolboxes readily available to perform the algorithms discussed * References lead to more in-depth coverage of specialized topics * Problem sets test readers' knowledge and help them put their new skills into practice The author demonstrates how the basic idea of model-based signal processing is a highly effective and natural way to solve both basic as well as complex processing problems. Designed as a graduate-level text, this book is also essential reading for practicing signal-processing professionals and scientists, who will find the variety of case studies to be invaluable. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department
With a novel, less classical approach to the subject, the authors have written a book with the conviction that signal processing should be taught to be fun. The treatment is therefore less focused on the mathematics and more on the conceptual aspects, the idea being to allow the readers to think about the subject at a higher conceptual level, thus building the foundations for more advanced topics. The book remains an engineering text, with the goal of helping students solve real-world problems. In this vein, the last chapter pulls together the individual topics as discussed throughout the book into an in-depth look at the development of an end-to-end communication system, namely, a modem for communicating digital information over an analog channel.
Physical Methods, Instruments and Measurements theme is a component of the Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources which is part of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The Theme provides a complete survey of the present status of our knowledge of modern physical instruments and measurements. It is organized in the following main topics: Measurements and Measurement Standards; Sources of Particles and Radiation, Detectors and Sensors; Imaging and Characterizing – Trace Element Analysis; Technology of Physical Experiments; Applications of Measurements and Instrumentation which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Fiber Optic Measurement Techniques is an indispensable collection of key optical measurement techniques essential for developing and characterizing today's photonic devices and fiber optic systems. The book gives comprehensive and systematic descriptions of various fiber optic measurement methods with the emphasis on the understanding of optoelectronic signal processing methodologies, helping the reader to weigh up the pros and cons of each technique and establish their suitability for the task at hand. Carefully balancing descriptions of principle, operations and optoelectronic circuit implementation, this indispensable resource will enable the engineer to: - Understand the implications of various measurement results and system performance qualifications - Characterize modern optical systems and devices - Select optical devices and subsystems in optical network design and implementation - Design innovative instrumentations for fiber optic systems The 2nd edition of this successful reference has been extensively updated (with 150 new pages) to reflect the advances in the field since publication in 2008 and includes: - A new chapter on fiber-based optical sensors and spectroscopy techniques - A new chapter on measurement uncertainty and error analysis Fiber Optic Measurement Techniques brings together in one volume the fundamental principles with the latest techniques, making it a complete resource for the optical and communications engineer developing future optical devices and fiber optic systems. - The only book to combine explanations of the basic principles with latest techniques to enable the engineer to develop photonic systems of the future - Careful and systematic presentation of measurement methods to help engineers to choose the most appropriate for their application - The latest methods covered, such as real-time optical monitoring and phase coded systems and subsystems, making this the most up-to-date guide to fiber optic measurement
This book is concerned with the processing of signals that have been sam pled and digitized. The fundamental theory behind Digital Signal Process ing has been in existence for decades and has extensive applications to the fields of speech and data communications, biomedical engineering, acous tics, sonar, radar, seismology, oil exploration, instrumentation and audio signal processing to name but a few [87]. The term "Digital Signal Processing", in its broadest sense, could apply to any operation carried out on a finite set of measurements for whatever purpose. A book on signal processing would usually contain detailed de scriptions of the standard mathematical machinery often used to describe signals. It would also motivate an approach to real world problems based on concepts and results developed in linear systems theory, that make use of some rather interesting properties of the time and frequency domain representations of signals. While this book assumes some familiarity with traditional methods the emphasis is altogether quite different. The aim is to describe general methods for carrying out optimal signal processing.
