Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality
Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality

Author: Denis Borum

Publisher:

Published: 2000-10-01

Total Pages: 165

ISBN-13: 9780756728045

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This document presents EPA's recommended Methodology for developing ambient water quality criteria as required under Section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act (CWA for States & Tribes' needs). The Methodology is guidance for scientific human health assessments used by EPA to develop, publish, & from time to time revise, recommended criteria for water quality accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. Chapters: introduction to water quality criteria & standards & ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) methodology; clarifications on the methodology, risk characterization, & other issues for developing criteria; risk assessment; exposure; & references.

Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality
Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 9789241545037

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This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.

Fluoride in Drinking Water
Fluoride in Drinking Water

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2007-01-22

Total Pages: 531

ISBN-13: 030910128X

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Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.