METAPHOR, METONYMY AND POLYSEMOUS HUMAN BODY WORDS
METAPHOR, METONYMY AND POLYSEMOUS HUMAN BODY WORDS

Author: CHEN WANG

Publisher: American Academic Press

Published: 2023-03-22

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 1631814303

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Compared with other common nouns, human body words (hereinafter referred to as HBWs) are strikingly polysemous. Cognitive studies of the polysemy of HBWs have obtained many achievements in recent years, but there still exist some deficiencies, which is dealt with in this book. Based on Embodied Philosophy, category theory, metaphor and metonymy, the book aims to analyze the meanings of HBWs, particularly “foot” and “blood” in order to discuss the essence of polysemy from cognitive perspective, and then on the basis of the theoretical research the book proposes some practical implications for English vocabulary learning. The book focuses on the research of metaphorical and metonymic characteristics of HBWs by analyzing the meanings of “foot” and “blood”. There are two kinds of metaphorical mappings based on similarity, i.e. the interactional mapping between body domain and non-body domain, among which there are three sub-mappings from body domain to non-body domain: mappings of shape and appearance, mappings of situation and mappings of function. As to metonymy, there are mainly three types of metonymies concerning body parts: body part for person, body part for its relevant characteristics and body part for its relevant action. The meanings of “blood” are more polysemous when describing the relevant characteristics. The students should lay emphasis on the interaction between human body and the world, on the basic-level terms rather than spending too much time in reciting those infrequent words, and on the role of metaphor and metonymy rather than memorizing the words mechanically.

Understanding Morphological Rules
Understanding Morphological Rules

Author: Stela Manova

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2011-06-29

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13: 9048195470

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This volume analyzes morphological and morphonological phenomena from a number of distinct Slavic languages. It does so in an innovative manner, yet also positions the analysis in the context of current morphological debates. It is thus a valuable contribution both to comparative Slavic morphology and general morphological theory. Moreover, the book is the first attempt at a theory of conversion and subtraction relevant to languages with rich inflectional morphology. It contributes to our structural understanding of the nature of word. As the first illustration of subtraction with examples from southern Slavic languages, it is an excellent source of specialist data. The book’s theoretical framework is easily accessible and applicable to other languages, which makes it attractive to researchers on Slavic languages and general linguists alike. The volume will also appeal to general morphologists, typologists, and advanced students in linguistics.

Anthropolinguistic Aspect of English Polysemy
Anthropolinguistic Aspect of English Polysemy

Author: Marina Zhadeyko

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2010-09-22

Total Pages: 102

ISBN-13: 1446189554

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Anthropolinguistics is a core topic of the majority of books on linguistics today. Still there are different approaches to word study within this field. This book provides a comprehensive survey of historic semantic changes of English polysemous words. Anthropolinguistic Aspect of English Polysemy is a wide-ranging account not only of how words witness history, but also of how evolution change is reflected in word semantics and of links between our past and present. It is available to a large audience as it sheds light on problems of evolution of human cognition that remain at the centre of contemporary linguistics.

Polysemy
Polysemy

Author: Brigitte Nerlich

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2011-05-12

Total Pages: 437

ISBN-13: 3110895692

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About fifty years ago, Stephen Ullmann wrote that polysemy is 'the pivot of semantic analysis'. Fifty years on, polysemy has become one of the hottest topics in linguistics and in the cognitive sciences at large. The book deals with the topic from a wide variety of viewpoints. The cognitive approach is supplemented and supported by diachronic, psycholinguistic, developmental, comparative, and computational perspectives. The chapters, written by some of the most eminent specialists in the field, are all underpinned by detailed discussions of methodology and theory.

Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar
Metonymy and Metaphor in Grammar

Author: Klaus-Uwe Panther

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 9027223793

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with the advent of Cognitive Linguistics, metonymy and metaphor are now recognized as being not only ornamental rhetorical tropes but fundamental figures of thought that shape, to a considerable extent, the conceptual structure of languages. The present volume goes even beyond this insight to propose that grammar itself is metonymical in nature (Langacker) and that conceptual metonymy and metaphor leave their imprints on lexicogrammatical structure.

Meaning in Translation
Meaning in Translation

Author: Larisa Ilynska

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2016-02-08

Total Pages: 470

ISBN-13: 1443888583

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Meaning in Translation: Illusion of Precision represents a collection of papers on fundamental and applied research on a wide range of linguistic topics, including terminology standardisation and harmonisation, the pragmatic, semantic and grammatical aspects of meaning in translation, and the translation of sacred, legal, poetic, promotional and scientific and technical texts. This volume offers a platform where scholars from various linguistic and cultural backgrounds, studying a variety of subjects, share their opinions on matters of utmost importance in the field of translation theory and practice. This book will appeal to researchers working within the various fields of linguistics, language planners, terminologists, practicing translators, and students at all levels, as well as anybody interested in the dynamic development of a language.

From Polysemy to Semantic Change
From Polysemy to Semantic Change

Author: Martine Vanhove

Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing

Published: 2008-11-21

Total Pages: 424

ISBN-13: 9027290326

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This book is the result of a joint project on lexical and semantic typology which gathered together field linguists, semanticists, cognitivists, typologists, and an NLP specialist. These cross-linguistic studies concern semantic shifts at large, both synchronic and diachronic: the outcome of polysemy, heterosemy, or semantic change at the lexical level. The first part presents a comprehensive state of the art of a domain typologists have long been reluctant to deal with. Part two focuses on theoretical and methodological approaches: cognition, construction grammar, graph theory, semantic maps, and data bases. These studies deal with universals and variation across languages, illustrated with numerous examples from different semantic domains and different languages. Part three is dedicated to detailed empirical studies of a large sample of languages in a limited set of semantic fields. It reveals possible universals of semantic association, as well as areal and cultural tendencies.

Culture, Body, and Language
Culture, Body, and Language

Author: Farzad Sharifian

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter

Published: 2008-11-03

Total Pages: 445

ISBN-13: 3110199106

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One of the central themes in cognitive linguistics is the uniquely human development of some higher potential called the "mind" and, more particularly, the intertwining of body and mind, which has come to be known as embodiment. Several books and volumes have explored this theme in length. However, the interaction between culture, body and language has not received the due attention that it deserves. Naturally, any serious exploration of the interface between body, language and culture would require an analytical tool that would capture the ways in which different cultural groups conceptualize their feelings, thinking, and other experiences in relation to body and language. A well-established notion that appears to be promising in this direction is that of cultural models, constituting the building blocks of a group's cultural cognition. The volume results from an attempt to bring together a group of scholars from various language backgrounds to make a collective attempt to explore the relationship between body, language and culture by focusing on conceptualizations of the heart and other internal body organs across a number of languages. The general aim of this venture is to explore (a) the ways in which internal body organs have been employed in different languages to conceptualize human experiences such as emotions and/or workings of the mind, and (b) the cultural models that appear to account for the observed similarities as well as differences of the various conceptualizations of internal body organs. The volume as a whole engages not only with linguistic analyses of terms that refer to internal body organs across different languages but also with the origin of the cultural models that are associated with internal body organs in different cultural systems, such as ethnomedical and religious traditions. Some contributions also discuss their findings in relations to some philosophical doctrines that have addressed the relationship between mind, body, and language, such as that of Descartes.

Cultural Semantics in the Lexicon of Modern Chinese
Cultural Semantics in the Lexicon of Modern Chinese

Author: Ming ZHAO

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2023-05-01

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 9004535187

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What is cultural semantics? How to define and analyze it in the lexicon of modern Chinese? This book outlines the development and research results of cultural semantic theory, and then proposes the distinction between two types of cultural semantics at the synchronic level: conceptual gap items and items with a cultural meaning. It provides criteria for identifying these items by using detailed examples from theory and application. Finally, the two types of cultural semantics are applied to the case of modern Chinese. The criteria proposed for determining the Chinese cultural semantics apply not only to this, but also to other languages. Therefore, this book offers an operational basis for further studies of cultural semantics in academia.

Humorous Garden-Paths
Humorous Garden-Paths

Author: Marta Dynel

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2009-05-27

Total Pages: 315

ISBN-13: 1443812285

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Surprising as it may seem, sometimes humans like being led up the garden path, which is thanks to the pleasurable feeling of surprise entwined with a humorous effect deception tends to afford. The central issue under investigation is the nature of short humorous texts in the form of one-liners and witticisms based on the “garden-path mechanism”. The monograph provides a survey of relevant linguistic research, recapitulating and assessing other authors’ theses in the context of their applicability in the analysis of garden-path humour. Discussions are conducted in the light of not only humour studies but also cognitive and pragmatic literature on human communication in general, with a view to presenting a meticulous description of short garden-path texts. The book should be of interest to anybody who finds humour research appealing, whether or not already familiar with this field. No background knowledge is necessary on the reader’s part, given that all relevant postulates and theories are revisited. Also, the author steers a clear course through many terminological and conceptual obstacles that can be encountered in the study of humour (e.g. verbal/non-verbal humour, ambiguity types, punning, etc.).