The Historye of the Bermudaes or Summer Islands
The Historye of the Bermudaes or Summer Islands

Author: Sir J. Henry Lefroy

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-01-15

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 1317028686

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The account relating to 1609-1622 by Nathaniel Butler, edited, from a MS. in the Sloane Collection, British Museum. Additional documents include a note on constitutional procedure at the first General Assembly held at St George's, 1 August 1620. The supplementary material consists of the 1882 annual report. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1882.

Slaves and Slaveholders in Bermuda, 1616-1782
Slaves and Slaveholders in Bermuda, 1616-1782

Author: Virginia Bernhard

Publisher: University of Missouri Press

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 0826260071

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Slaves & Slaveholders in Bermuda, 1616-1782, offers a fresh perspective on the complex relationship between racism & slavery in the often overlooked second-oldest English colony in the New World. As the first blacks were brought onto the islands not specifically for slave labor, but for their expertise as pearl divers & cultivators of West Indies plants, Bermuda's racial history began to unfold much differently from that of the Caribbean islands or of the North American mainland. Bermuda's history records the arrival of the first blacks, the first English law passed to control the behavior of the "Negroes," & the creation of ninety-nine-year indentures for black & Indian servants. Slavery may have dictated & strained the relationships between whites & blacks, but in this smallest of English colonies it differed from slavery elsewhere because of the uniquely close master-slave relations created by Bermuda's size & maritime economy. At only twenty-one square miles in size, Bermuda saw slaves & slave-holders working & living closer together than in other societies. Additionally, the emphasis on maritime pursuits offered slaves a degree of autonomy & a sense of identity unequaled in other English colonies. This groundbreaking history of Bermuda's slavery reveals fewer runaways, less-violent rebellions, & relatively milder punishments for offending slaves. One anecdote recounts that in 1782, seventy black seamen offered freedom in Boston voluntarily returned to their Bermuda homes. Bernhard delves into the origins of Bermuda's slavery, its peculiar nature, & its effects on blacks & whites. She bases her study on archival research drawn from wills & inventories, laws & court cases, governors' reports & council minutes. Intended as an introduction to both the history of the islands & the rich sources for further study, this book will prove invaluable to scholars of slavery, as well as those interested in historical archaeology, anthropology, maritime history, & colonial history.