One of the few modern first-person accounts of Native American healers tells us about Indian life in this world and about life in the visionary medicine womans world. A compelling history.
Literally Italian for "bad air," malaria once plagued Rome, tropical trade routes and colonial ventures into India and South America and the disease has no known antidote aside from the therapeutic effects of the "miraculous" quinine. This first book from journalist Honigsbaum is a rousing history of the search for febrifuge or, more specifically, the rare red cinchona tree, the bark from which quinine is derived.
The pace of therapeutic advances in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is rapid, and new clinically-relevant information appears with such frequency that it can be extremely challenging for clinicians to keep up. Still, knowledge and interpretation of major clinical trials is crucial for the range of clinicians who manage cardiovascular patients, especially since important trial evidence often needs to be implemented soon after it is published. Confidently apply gold standard treatment for 10 of the most critical areas of cardiology Written by an international team of experts, Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: Putting the Evidence into Practice: Provides a succinct overview of recent major clinical trials - the gold standard for all medical treatment - across all the major cardiovascular subspecialties, to ensure you’re up-to-date on the most critical findings Guides cardiology trainees and clinicians on how cardiovascular clinical trials are designed and conducted, including statistical methodology, so you can conduct and/or appraise future trials yourself Addresses methodology as well as clinical effectiveness Offers evidence-based assessments on the most effective treatments and authoritative clinical information on management of the conditions so you can confidently apply what you learn Physicians, surgeons, specialist nurses – any clinician seeking an accessible resource for designing and conducting cardiovascular trials and then translating their results into practice will appreciate this book’s clear guidance and succinct and practical approach.
On March 3-4, 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop in Washington, DC, bringing together key stakeholders to discuss opportunities for improving the integrity, efficiency, and validity of clinical trials for nervous system disorders. Participants in the workshop represented a range of diverse perspectives, including individuals not normally associated with traditional clinical trials. The purpose of this workshop was to generate discussion about not only what is feasible now, but what may be possible with the implementation of cutting-edge technologies in the future.
Discover classic destinations and lesser-known jewels of Glacier National Park through 42 incomparable hikes. With its crystalline lakes, towering mountains, impressive waterfalls, diverse plant and animal life, and, of course, dynamic glaciers, Glacier National Park offers countless opportunities for outdoor adventure. To find the best of them, follow expert author Jean Arthur—who has spent decades hiking hundreds of miles of trails throughout the park! Leave the roads to explore the hearts of both Glacier and Waterton Lakes National Parks—whether you’re looking for an easy family stroll through a grove of majestic red cedars, a 6-mile trek with spectacular views of snowfields that melt into wildflower meadows, or a 20-mile overnighter through some of the finest mountain scenery in the country. You’ll experience the best of the treasured national park that lies in the wilderness area of Montana’s Rocky Mountains. Inside you’ll find: 42 favorite routes for hikers, backpackers, and cyclists Detailed maps and elevation profiles Trailhead directions and “don’t get lost” milestones Key at-a-glance information, including trail length, difficulty, features, and facilities Expert trail commentary If you want to take a scenic walk to stretch your legs, a full-day hike, or a rewarding backpacking trip, you’ll find it in Top Trails: Glacier National Park.
Dengue fever is the world’s most prevalent mosquito-borne illness, but Alex Nading argues that people in dengue-endemic communities do not always view humans and mosquitoes as mortal enemies. Drawing on two years of ethnographic research in urban Nicaragua and challenging current global health approaches to animal-borne illness, Mosquito Trails tells the story of a group of community health workers who struggle to come to terms with dengue epidemics amid poverty, political change, and economic upheaval. Blending theory from medical anthropology, political ecology, and science and technology studies, Nading develops the concept of “the politics of entanglement” to describe how Nicaraguans strive to remain alive to the world around them despite global health strategies that seek to insulate them from their environments. This innovative ethnography illustrates the continued significance of local environmental histories, politics, and household dynamics to the making and unmaking of a global pandemic.
Successful drug development relies on accurate and efficient clinical trials to deliver the best and most effective pharmaceuticals and clinical care to patients. However, the current model for clinical trials is outdated, inefficient and costly. Clinical trials are limited by small sample sizes that do not reflect variations among patients in the real world, financial burdens on participants, and slow processes, and these factors contribute to the disconnect between clinical research and clinical practice. On November 28-29, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to investigate the current clinical trials system and explore the potential benefits and challenges of implementing virtual clinical trials as an enhanced alternative for the future. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.