Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.
The purpose of this study was to examine the level of stress experienced by primary caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients and to discover if the relation of caregiver to patient, namely, spouse or adult child, made a difference in the level of perceived stress. The sample consisted of 15 spouse and 15 adult child primary caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients. The caregivers were mainly recruited through support groups in New York City. The Burden Interview was used to measure the overall level of perceived stress. This tool was a 22-item Likert-type inventory designed to measure caregiver burden or stress. Data collected from the Burden Interview were analyzed using a t-test. The hypothesis stated that adult child primary caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients living at home would exhibit a significant higher level of stress than spouse primary caregivers. The hypothesis was not supported by this study. The study implied that caregivers are indeed under a tremendous amount of stress for a variety of reasons. Nurses and other health professionals can assist these families through this devastating period with their compassion, knowledge and expertise. Further investigation using a large, random sample and controlled extraneous variables would help researchers determine if, in fact, the relation of caregiver to patient namely spouse or adult child, actually makes a difference in perceived level of stress.
As the older populations grow, an increasing number of people are faced with the challenges of caring for frail, older family members. Since the causes of frailty, and especially the causes of cognitive impairment, in late life can last for several years, caregiving can often be experienced as a chronic stressor. Caregiving is often associated with higher rates of depression and anxiety, and with lowered subjective health in the care provider. With this in mind, Stress Reduction for Caregivers addresses the issue of how to help caregivers manage and reduce their stress level. The book is unique in that it bridges the gap between research and practice. It includes a discussion of the stress and coping theories of caregiving developed by researchers in recent years. It also lays out a simple, practical training approach that utilizes four stress reduction techniques to assist professionals in adapting the theories to their practice: Stress Level Monitoring; Relaxation Training; Scheduling Relaxing Events and Cognitive Restructuring. Each technique is accompanied by case studies that demonstrate both the effectiveness and the challenges of applying the overall approach. With its strong base in research and its practical concern for the management and reduction of caregiver stress, this book is a must for professionals who desire to stay abreast of the latest techniques. It will also be of great benefit to advanced students examining the issues of caregiving.
As the largest generation in U.S. history - the population born in the two decades immediately following World War II - enters the age of risk for cognitive impairment, growing numbers of people will experience dementia (including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias). By one estimate, nearly 14 million people in the United States will be living with dementia by 2060. Like other hardships, the experience of living with dementia can bring unexpected moments of intimacy, growth, and compassion, but these diseases also affect people's capacity to work and carry out other activities and alter their relationships with loved ones, friends, and coworkers. Those who live with and care for individuals experiencing these diseases face challenges that include physical and emotional stress, difficult changes and losses in their relationships with life partners, loss of income, and interrupted connections to other activities and friends. From a societal perspective, these diseases place substantial demands on communities and on the institutions and government entities that support people living with dementia and their families, including the health care system, the providers of direct care, and others. Nevertheless, research in the social and behavioral sciences points to possibilities for preventing or slowing the development of dementia and for substantially reducing its social and economic impacts. At the request of the National Institute on Aging of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America assesses the contributions of research in the social and behavioral sciences and identifies a research agenda for the coming decade. This report offers a blueprint for the next decade of behavioral and social science research to reduce the negative impact of dementia for America's diverse population. Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America calls for research that addresses the causes and solutions for disparities in both developing dementia and receiving adequate treatment and support. It calls for research that sets goals meaningful not just for scientists but for people living with dementia and those who support them as well. By 2030, an estimated 8.5 million Americans will have Alzheimer's disease and many more will have other forms of dementia. Through identifying priorities social and behavioral science research and recommending ways in which they can be pursued in a coordinated fashion, Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America will help produce research that improves the lives of all those affected by dementia.
With people living longer, often with chronic illnesses and disabilities, it is becoming increasingly important to understand how depression, disability, and physical illnesses are interrelated, the mechanisms underlying these interrelationships, and their implications for diagnosis and treatment. This volume synthesizes a carefully selected portion of the knowledge about physical illness and depression that has emerged during the past twenty years.
Given medical advances and greater understanding of healthful living habits, people are living longer lives. Proportionally speaking, a greater percentage of the population is elderly. Despite medical advances, there is still no cure for dementia, and as elderly individuals succumb to Alzheimer's Disease or related dementia, more and more people are having to care their elderly parents and /or siblings. Profiles in Caregiving is practical source of information for anyone who teaches caregiving, acts as a caregiver, or studies caregiving. This book discusses recent research on stress factors associated with caregiving, and what factors impact on successful versus non-successful adaptation to the care-giving role. This is an expanding field in gerontology, and is also of interest to personality and social psychologists studying stress and interpersonal relations. Although there are many books on the cause and treatment of dementia, there has been a book that provides a research investigation into the factors associated with effective caregiving to dementia patients. - Conceptualizes caregiving as a multistage career whose impact on the caregiver continues to be felt after in-home care has ceased - Based upon a longitudinal survey of a demographically diverse sample of principal caregivers over a three-year period - Identifies caregivers who are most at-risk for adverse adaptation to the role - Describes preventative and clinical intervention strategies - Identifies post-care risk and issues - Identifies antecedents to successful adaptation - State of the art analytic techniques - Graphic presentation of empirical findings - Renowned multidisciplinary research team
A groundbreaking exploration of the sociology of dementia — with contributions from distinguished international scholars and practitioners. Organised around the four themes of personhood, care, social representations and social differentiation Provides a critical look at dementia and demonstrates how sociology and other disciplines can help us understand its social context as well as the challenges it poses Contributing authors explore the social terrain, responding in part, to Paul Higgs’ and Chris Gilleard’s highly influential work on ageing Breaks new ground in giving specific attention to the social and cultural dimensions of responses to dementia
