Although a sport fishery for late-run Kasilof River Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is prosecuted downstream of river kilometer (RKM) 13 and a commercial fishery occurs in nearby marine waters, the inriver abundance of late-run Kasilof River Chinook salmon has been unknown for most years. The goal of this study was to estimate the daily net upstream passage of salmon 75 cm or longer from mid eye to tail fork (METF) past RKM 13 of the Kasilof River from 15 June through 31 August 2018 using adaptive resolution imaging sonar (ARIS). Net upstream passage of Chinook salmon greater than or equal to 75 cm METF as measured by ARIS was estimated to be 3,458 (SE 166). Chinook salmon passage estimates were lower than those from a prior mark–recapture study, but run timing was similar.
Adaptive resolution imaging sonar (ARIS) was used for the first time in 2018 to estimate the abundance of late-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) at river mile (RM) 8 of the Kasilof River. The same methods were used to estimate late-run Chinook salmon abundance in 2019 and 2020. In 2019, the sonar was operated from 15 June through 31 August. In 2020, the sonar was operated from 15 June through 22 August. Net upstream passage of late-run Chinook salmon greater than or equal to 75 cm mid eye to tail fork length (METF) as measured by ARIS was estimated to be 4,507 (SE = 184) in 2019 and 3,388 (SE = 165) in 2020. The 2019 cumulative late-run Chinook salmon abundance estimate of fish greater than or equal to 75 cm METF was higher than the 2018 and 2020 estimates. Run timing in 2019 and 2020 was earlier than in 2018.
The fields of fish population dynamics and stock assessment have seen major advances in the 1980s and 1990s, creating the need for a new synthesis. This text attempts that synthesis by presenting a contemporary approach for quantitative fisheries science that incorporates modern statistical and mathematical techniques. It emphasizes the link between biology and theory by explaining the assumptions inherent in the quantitative methods and models. The book covers key topics that are often overlooked in other texts, such as optimal harvesting, migratory stocks, and complex age and size-structured models. Quantitative Fish Dynamics is an ideal textbook for graduate and undergraduate courses in fish population dynamics and stock assessment. It is an indispensable reference work for fisheries scientists and others interested in conservation biology, fish and wildlife management, population ecology, and statistical applications.
Broadening its scope to nonstatisticians, Bayesian Methods for Data Analysis, Third Edition provides an accessible introduction to the foundations and applications of Bayesian analysis. Along with a complete reorganization of the material, this edition concentrates more on hierarchical Bayesian modeling as implemented via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods and related data analytic techniques. New to the Third Edition New data examples, corresponding R and WinBUGS code, and homework problems Explicit descriptions and illustrations of hierarchical modeling—now commonplace in Bayesian data analysis A new chapter on Bayesian design that emphasizes Bayesian clinical trials A completely revised and expanded section on ranking and histogram estimation A new case study on infectious disease modeling and the 1918 flu epidemic A solutions manual for qualifying instructors that contains solutions, computer code, and associated output for every homework problem—available both electronically and in print Ideal for Anyone Performing Statistical Analyses Focusing on applications from biostatistics, epidemiology, and medicine, this text builds on the popularity of its predecessors by making it suitable for even more practitioners and students.
Although the significance of '9/11' is subject to debate, it is symbolic of a general sentiment of discontinuity whereby society is vulnerable to undefined and highly disruptive events. Recent catalysts of this sentiment are eye-catching developments such as the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and bird flu outbreaks, the Enron and Parmalat scandals, political assassinations in Sweden and the Netherlands, regime changes in Iraq and Afghanistan, and terrorist attacks in Bali, Istanbul, Madrid, and various parts of the Middle East. However, recent discontinuities should not be seen as evidence that discontinuities occur more frequently now than they did before. Looking back in history we see that disruptive processes are common. For example, 25 years ago few Europeans would have predicted the upcoming upheavals on their own continent: the collapse of communism, Berlin as the capital of a reunited Germany, the wars in the former Yugoslavia, the single European currency, and the near doubling of the number of European Union member states. Changes elsewhere have been no less discontinuous and unforeseen: the fall of the Asian tigers, the emergence of the Internet and mobile telecommunication, and the presidency of Nelson Mandela. Societal discontinuity is a relatively new area of concern in policy development. Since the 1970s the consideration of change and discontinuity has gained some ground over predictive forecasting, which tended to reason from continuous developments and linear processes. Rather than making forecasting the future, it has become popular to use scenarios as a manner to consider several possible futures. Scenarios are coherent descriptions of alternative hypothetical futures that reflect different perspectives on past, present, and future developments, which can serve as a basis for action. Scenario development aims to combine analytical knowledge with creative thinking in an effort to capture a wide range of possible future developments in a limited number of outlooks. Scenario development assumes that the future is uncertain and the directions in which current developments might range from the conventional to the revolutionary. In theory, scenario development is a way to consider future discontinuity. However, there are indications that the theoretical promise is not reflected in scenario practice. Research has shown that scenarios do not consider the idea of discontinuity as a matter of course. In our research, we found that a scenario study would benefit from efforts to create and foster a 'culture of curiosity' for exploring the future and the possible discontinuities rather than simply commissioning a scenario study to provide insights about the future. Only then can one read the writing on the wall of future developments.
"Fundamentally, the salmon's decline has been the consequence of a vision based on flawed assumptions and unchallenged myths.... We assumed we could control the biological productivity of salmon and 'improve' upon natural processes that we didn't even try to understand. We assumed we could have salmon without rivers." --from the introduction From a mountain top where an eagle carries a salmon carcass to feed its young to the distant oceanic waters of the California current and the Alaskan Gyre, salmon have penetrated the Northwest to an extent unmatched by any other animal. Since the turn of the twentieth century, the natural productivity of salmon in Oregon, Washington, California, and Idaho has declined by eighty percent. The decline of Pacific salmon to the brink of extinction is a clear sign of serious problems in the region. In Salmon Without Rivers, fisheries biologist Jim Lichatowich offers an eye-opening look at the roots and evolution of the salmon crisis in the Pacific Northwest. He describes the multitude of factors over the past century and a half that have led to the salmon's decline, and examines in depth the abject failure of restoration efforts that have focused almost exclusively on hatcheries to return salmon stocks to healthy levels without addressing the underlying causes of the decline. The book: describes the evolutionary history of the salmon along with the geologic history of the Pacific Northwest over the past 40 million years considers the indigenous cultures of the region, and the emergence of salmon-based economies that survived for thousands of years examines the rapid transformation of the region following the arrival of Europeans presents the history of efforts to protect and restore the salmon offers a critical assessment of why restoration efforts have failed Throughout, Lichatowich argues that the dominant worldview of our society -- a worldview that denies connections between humans and the natural world -- has created the conflict and controversy that characterize the recent history of salmon; unless that worldview is challenged and changed, there is little hope for recovery. Salmon Without Rivers exposes the myths that have guided recent human-salmon interactions. It clearly explains the difficult choices facing the citizens of the region, and provides unique insight into one of the most tragic chapters in our nation's environmental history.
CLICK HERE to download the first chapter from A Long Treak Home * Compelling adventure with an environmental focus * An informative natural and cultural history of one of our last wild coastlines * Author is a pioneer in "packrafting," an emerging trend in backcountry travel In June 2007, Erin McKittrick and her husband, Hig, embarked on a 4,000-mile expedition from Seattle to the Aleutian Islands, traveling solely by human power. This is the story of their unprecedented trek along the northwestern edge of the Pacific Ocean-a year-long journey through some of the most rugged terrain in the world- and their encounters with rain, wind, blizzards, bears, and their own emotional and spiritual demons. Erin and Hig set out from Seattle with a desire to raise awareness of natural resource and conservation issues along their route: clear-cut logging of rainforests; declining wild salmon populations; extraction of mineral resources; and effects of global climate change. By taking each mile step by step, they were able to intimately explore the coastal regions of Washington, British Columbia, and Alaska, see the wilderness in its larger context, and provide a unique on-the-ground perspective. An entertaining and, at times, thrilling adventure, theirs is a journey of discovery and of insights about the tiny communities that dot this wild coast, as well as the individuals there whom they meet and inspire.
Each year wild Pacific salmon leave their oceanic feeding grounds and swim hundreds of miles back to their home rivers. The salmon's annual return is a place-defining event in the Pacific Northwest, with immense ecological, economic, and social significance. However, despite massive spending, efforts to significantly alter the endangered status of salmon have failed. In Salmon, People, and Place, acclaimed fisheries biologist Jim Lichatowich eloquently exposes the misconceptions underlying salmon management and recovery programs that have fueled the catastrophic decline in Northwest salmon populations for more than a century. These programs will continue to fail, he suggests, so long as they regard salmon as products and ignore their essential relationship with their habitat. But Lichatowich offers hope. In Salmon, People, and Place he presents a concrete plan for salmon recovery, one based on the myriad lessons learned from past mistakes. What is needed to successfully restore salmon, Lichatowich states, is an acute commitment to healing the relationships among salmon, people, and place. A significant contribution to the literature on Pacific salmon, Salmon, People, and Place: A Biologist's Search for Salmon Recovery is an essential read for anyone concerned about the fate of this Pacific Northwest icon.
DEDICATED TO THE NEXT GENERATION OF WOMEN BOARD LEADERSIn 2018, California passed a senate bill (SB 826) to require publicly held companies headquartered in CA to have at least one woman on their board by 2020. In 2020, Nasdaq proposed a mandate that would require listed companies to have at least two diverse board members with one member who identifies as female. Initiatives like these are helping advance gender parity on boards in many regions, not just the U.S. In late 2020, women held 22.6% of the board seats on the Russell 3000 for the first time, a 6.5 point jump over the past 4 years.Zooming out to the global scale, the picture is similarly improving. In 2020, about 23% of board seats globally were held by women, compared to 20% in 2018. Yet...at the time of this writing, 10% of large global companies do not have a single woman on their board. And the percent of women who chair boards is dramatically smaller. Among the largest 500 public U.S. companies by revenue the share of women who chaired boards remained stagnant at 7.4%. Notably, of those women who chair boards, few of them use the term Chairwoman in their bios or LinkedIn profiles-opting for monikers Chairman, or Board Chair, or occasionally Chairperson. This book features the extraordinary voices and stories of women leaders from around the world who have trailblazed to the board room, as letters to the next generation of women in business and government. With the salutation "Dear Chairwoman," these letters are infused with the energy to inspire young women to both pursue board governance early, and to claim the 'Chairwoman' title in taking the senior-most seat in the Board Room.
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) has monitored Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) passage in the Kenai River using side-looking sonar technology from 1987 to present. The historical site at RM 8.6 used dual-beam (1987–1994), split-beam (1995–2011), and dual-frequency identification sonar or “DIDSON” (2012–2014) technology. Starting in 2013, ADF&G began operating adaptive resolution imaging sonar or “ARIS” at a new site located at RM 13.7. The RM 8.6 site was discontinued following the 2014 season in favor of data collection at the RM 13.7 site. This plan covers RM 13.7 project operations for the 2020–2022 seasons.
