Labor Redundancy in the Transport Sector
Author: Alice Galenson
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1989
Total Pages: 111
ISBN-13:
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Reducing Labor Redundancy in State-owned Enterprises
Author: Jan Svejnar
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 53
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe severity of labor redundancy has been underestimated because of difficulties in conceptualizing the issue and finding politically acceptable solutions. Schemes to reduce labor redundancy can decrease the wage bill significantly and allow fairly high compensation to the employees laid off yet still allow the government to recoup its costs in a relatively short time.
World Development Report 1994
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1994
Total Pages: 268
ISBN-13: 9780195209921
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWorld Development Report 1994 examines the link between infrastructure and development and explores ways in which developing countries can improve both the provision and the quality of infrastructure services. In recent decades, developing countries have made substantial investments in infrastructure, achieving dramatic gains for households and producers by expanding their access to services such as safe water, sanitation, electric power, telecommunications, and transport. Even more infrastructure investment and expansion are needed in order to extend the reach of services - especially to people living in rural areas and to the poor. But as this report shows, the quantity of investment cannot be the exclusive focus of policy. Improving the quality of infrastructure service also is vital. Both quantity and quality improvements are essential to modernize and diversify production, help countries compete internationally, and accommodate rapid urbanization. The report identifies the basic cause of poor past performance as inadequate institutional incentives for improving the provision of infrastructure. To promote more efficient and responsive service delivery, incentives need to be changed through commercial management, competition, and user involvement. Several trends are helping to improve the performance of infrastructure. First, innovation in technology and in the regulatory management of markets makes more diversity possible in the supply of services. Second, an evaluation of the role of government is leading to a shift from direct government provision of services to increasing private sector provision and recent experience in many countries with public-private partnerships is highlighting new ways to increase efficiency and expand services. Third, increased concern about social and environmental sustainability has heightened public interest in infrastructure design and performance.
Restrictive Labor Practices in Seaports
Author: Alan S. Harding
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 47
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKRestrictive practices may prevent developing country seaports from benefiting from investments in containerization and bulk handling. Port loan appraisals should assess the changes needed in labor arrangements and organization-- and estimate compensation payments needed for displaced workers.
Privatization and Labor
Author: Sunita Kikeri
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1998
Total Pages: 60
ISBN-13: 9780821341483
DOWNLOAD EBOOKDespite its importance, labor is one of the least addressed issues in privatization. The lack of information on the employment impact of privatization has exacerbated the fears and concerns of governments and workers alike. This paper examines the effects of privatization on labor and analyzes the mechanisms that governments can use to minimize the political and social costs of labor restructuring in privatization, by drawing on the experience of mixed economies.
Recent Developments in Inland Transport
Author: International Labour Organisation. Inland Transport Committee
Publisher: International Labour Organization
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 146
ISBN-13: 9221080668
DOWNLOAD EBOOKReviews trends in inland transport since the previous session in 1985. Gives information supplied by 42 governments on the effect given to conclusions and resolutions adopted at previous sessions, and includes steps taken by the ILO to meet the requests of previous meetings.
Pricing, Cost Recovery, and Production Efficiency in Transport
Author: Rachel E. Kranton
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1990
Total Pages: 51
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPublic sector pricing policies may undermine incentives to reduce costs. Therefore measures to promote cost reduction should be part of any pricing policy reform designed to increase cost recovery.
Institutional Options for the Provision of Infrastructure
Author: Christine Kessides
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1993-01-01
Total Pages: 98
ISBN-13: 9780821326275
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis paper explains why tough public sector reform and a sound macroeconomy are essential to sustained growth. It provides a strategy to help countries evaluate how well their governments' policies work. Decisionmakers will learn ways to build an evaluations program that can make governments more accountable and improve their performance. Some options could include making central banks independent, eliminating earmarked funds, and balancing the national budget. The author suggests which government offices should oversee and develop evaluation policies to get the best results, and explains why evaluation results must be linked with all budget decisions. He describes the political and economic environment that allows the evaluation process to develop freely. Also discussed is the role that the World Bank and other insti- tutions should play in supporting evaluation programs. The study examines how sound evaluation can lead to more consistent international policies and better international governance.
World Bank Research Program
Author: World Bank
Publisher:
Published: 1992
Total Pages: 212
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKSustainable Transport
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Published: 1996-01-01
Total Pages: 148
ISBN-13: 9780821335987
DOWNLOAD EBOOK"This publication elaborates on how the specific characteristics of the different transport subsectors affect the potential for expanding the role of competitive markets. It defines the principal challenges currently faced by the transport sector as a whole as: (i) the completion of basic infrastructure networks and (ii) the provision of adequate maintenance for them. Future challenges may include: (i) increasing responsiveness to customer needs, (ii) adjusting to global trade patterns, and (iii) coping with rapid motorization. These challenges highlight the need to reform institutional and transport policy in order to support a better quality of life on a sustained basis. This book identifies some generally applicable principles and best practices as the foundation of a policy for more sustainable transport. Economic and financial sustainability requires that resources be used efficiently and that assets be maintained properly. Environmental and ecological sustainability requires that the external effects of transport be taken into account fully when public or private decisions are made that determine future development. Social sustainability requires that the benefits of improved transport reach all sections of the community. It is necessary to redefine the role of governments in the transport sector--the focus in transport policy must shift toward a market-based approach with the private sector taking on more of the responsibility for providing, operating, and financing transport services and infrastructure. The role of the government would therefore decline, but its importance as the enabler of competition and the custodian of environmental and social interests would increase. The World Bank Group's role will be to focus on institutional and policy reform; it can help governments fulfill their enabling and supervisory role in a freer transport market through more selective and focused technical assistance for building the capacity and skills needed by the public sector." -- Website.
