Isodose Atlas
Isodose Atlas

Author: Gy. Németh

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 9400982763

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When compiling the present atlas our aim has been to provide the practis ing radiotherapist with a handbook which would help him to plan the radiation therapy of tumours of individual organs. Apart from a few ex ceptions, all isodose charts in this atlas show dose distributions resulting from external irradiation. Combination of external irradiation with intra cavitary radium therapy is presented in the treatment of carcinoma of the uterine cervix, in which case the two techniques are complementary. Thd immense material of the pertinent literature could, naturally, not have been included in the atlas. As a result of scrupulous selection, the isod-.:se charts shown may not invariably be the optimum ones, and some of them may not be the most modern. However, the usefulness of the information they provide has made us to keep them all the same. We did not intend to change the original charts in any way and stan dardization of the isodoses was not undertaken. Radiation parameters are given in the figure captions and, if available, information has also been provided on the phantoms used by the authors. Naturally, the isodoses presented will not automatically apply to all situ ations and all apparatuses without due attention to the individual patient ::Jnd technical details such as penumbra and source diameter. They merely serve as a starting point and will help to save time and work during treat ment planning also with the computer.

Atlas of Cardiac MR Imaging with Anatomical Correlations
Atlas of Cardiac MR Imaging with Anatomical Correlations

Author: C. Depré

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 9401137846

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Magnetic resonance imaging became clinical in 1981 and since that time, has spread in the United States, Europe and Japan like wild fire. The tremendous advantages of the method consisting of safety, superb soft tissue contrast resolution, the ability to study flow, the ability to image in any plane or acquire data in 3D and an almost infinite array of sequences capable of distinguishing between disease and normal tissue, normal and abnormal blood flow make it incomparable for the diagnosis and study of multiple diseases and is particularly valuable in studying the heart and major vessels. The authors of this book have understood that the secret of success of MR imaging in the study of the heart is to combine the knowledge of anatomy of the heart, the coronary vessels, the pericardium and large vessels with the intricacies of MR imaging. This is why they go deeply into the basic principles of NMR, starting from the essentials and going then into detailed techniques of acquiring images from traditional spin echo to gradient echo and ultra fast imaging approaches, such as the multi shot and EPI. The flow phenomena are also discussed in detail from flow and magnetic field gradients diastolic pseudogating.

Atlas of Phlebography of the Lower Limbs
Atlas of Phlebography of the Lower Limbs

Author: J. Chermet

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 293

ISBN-13: 9400974612

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This book is not meant to be a textbook or a handbook of phlebography of the lower limbs. It is an atlas aimed only at teaching one how to read an interpret phlebograms, and is of considerable importance as it represents the standard investigatory method used to check the reliability of other diagnostic methods concerning venous circulation. Regarding diagnosis, nothing is more certain than the phlebographic demonstration of a thrombus; moreover, even if the thrombus is not demonstrable, as in certain phlebites. it is still possible to establish the diagnosis with adequate knowledge of the radio anatomy of the non-opacified veins and the demonstration of marked collateral circulation. Therefore this investigation must be carried out very carefully with particular attention to interpretation. The technique was first used in man in 1923 and is now employed world wide; better tolerated contrast materials render it almost innocuous; the occurrence of very few incidences of non-tolerance does not diminish the value of this method. We have purposely reduced the text to legends of the illustration and withheld the bibliography in so far as it is meant to be a teaching program by way of pictures without any reference to past or present publications.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Author: Jelle O. Barentsz

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 940090651X

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Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a common (in the USA it is the fifth most common form of cancer in males and tenth most common form of cancer in females) malignan cy and one in which noninvasive staging by imaging plays such an important role. This book presents a complete approach to MR imaging of carcinoma of the urinary bladder from a detailed discussion of the value of MRI in the diagnosis of the urinary bladder to the history of the procedure. The technical discussion of the general principles of MRI including the optimal pulse sequences to be used and factors that influence the quality of images are included in this book. The safety factors are also presented along with contraindications. The application of a double surface coil with the field strength of O.5T provides the fine quality of the illustrations. The atlas of comparative anatomy by MRI on normal volunteers and post-mo'rtem specimens as well as MR images on patients with bladder tumors and post-surgery specimens is unique. The results of the clinical imaging stu dies in patients with carcinoma of the bladder, comparing the relative value of clinical staging, MR, CT and lymphography, are helpful in showing the advantages of MRI.

Endosonography
Endosonography

Author: B.D. Fornage

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 9400908857

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Following the development of gray-scale imaging, real-time scanning, Doppler examination, and high-frequency sonography, endosonography is one of the latest major breakthroughs in the history of diagnostic ultrasound. Although early attempts at inserting ultrasound transducers in natural cavities of the body can be traced back more than two decades, only in the past few years has technology allowed the development and commercialization of effective, easy-to-use endosono scopic probes. Because the transducer can be placed in direct contact with or close to lesions, high frequencies (up to ~2 MHz) can be used, yielding cross-sectional images of unsurpassed resolution. The availability of specially designed intracorporeal probes for specific natural cavities that are routinely explored by conventional (optical) endoscopy or palpation has significantly expanded the diagnostic applications of sonography. Transrectal and transvaginal examinations are now performed routinely in many institutions, and virtually all sonographic equipment manufac turers have in their line of products at least one endorectal and one endovaginal transducer. Most endosonoscopic probes connect to existing scanners, and for radiology departments, the invest ment for transrectal or transvaginal scanning will usually be limited to the purchase of the specific probe. In this book, clinical applications of endosonography (excluding transesophageal echocardio graphy) are covered by European and North American experts. Current equipment and techniques of examination are described in detail to help newcomers get started in the field of endosonography.

MRI of the Brain, Head, Neck and Spine
MRI of the Brain, Head, Neck and Spine

Author: Jaap Valk

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 560

ISBN-13: 9400933517

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With the growing number of MR installations, clinicians and radiologist are being confronted more and more with visual information they do not feel as confident with as with the more 'mono-form' infor mation of conventional radiographs, CT and US. The freedom of parameter choice ofthe MR operator allows the same object to be depicted in various ways and the contrast in the images to be changed and inverted at will. For those not experienced in interpreting MR images, this may cause confusion and uncertainty about their diagnostic content. This will sometimes lead to an unnecessary retreat to other diagnostic modalities. The purpose of this book is to help close the gap between MR operators and readers and clinicians. A variety of cases is presented, together with the MRI considerations. In nearly all these cases, confirma tion of diagnosis was obtained by histological examination. Quite deliberately, this book only includes the occasional CT scan or angiography for comparison, to avoid the temptation of falling back on other modalities and of escaping from the often more difficult to interpret, but in the end more rewarding MR images. All the MR images in this book were made with a 'first-generation', unsophisticated Teslacon I, 0.6 T, superconducting magnet system. Hopefully, they will reflect the quality of the machine. Some people will agree with me that it is sad that investments in expensive health care systems are subject to the whims of those who are mainly interested in satisfying their stockholders.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors and Their Mimics
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors and Their Mimics

Author: A.M.A. de Schepper

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 123

ISBN-13: 9400909977

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Magnetic resonance imaging has already become a most valuable imaging modality in the diagnostic work-up of musculoskeletal neoplasms. While high accuracy of MRI for staging purposes has been proven, we will focus in this monograph on the characterization of primary bone and soft tissue tumors by MRI. The major purpose of this monograph is to provide an atlas of magnetic resonance features of primary bone and soft tissue tumors for radiologists, orthopedic surgeons and physiotherapists. The results presented are based on investigations of 94 primary bone and soft tissue tumors and mimicking conditions by magnetic resonance imaging. Although the scale of the material allows for statistical handling, the number of patients per subgroup is too small to come to definite conclusions. We will therefore limit ourselves to the description of and comments on a great number of cases to illustrate the diagnostic potential of this new imaging modality. We would like to thank the anonymous cooperators: referring clinicians, pathologists, nurses, technicians and secretaries whose help enabled us to present this monograph. We would also like to express our gratitude to the firms Siemens AG and Schering AG for technical support.

Computed Tomography of the Retroperitoneum
Computed Tomography of the Retroperitoneum

Author: Michiel A.M. Feldberg

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 9400967144

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With the advent of CT we entered a new area of radiological imaging. Structures which rarely if ever were seen became apparent. In no part of the body was the impact of CT as profound as it was in the retroperitoneum. In the pre-CT area this region of the body could not be directly studied and only when gross abnormalities were present could they be appreciated. The best we could do was to try to identify a suspected process by studying its effect on surrounding organs whose position might have been affected by the growth. Urography, barium studies or angiography were employed in the hope that variation in the position of the vessels, ureter or bowel would lead us to the correct diagnosis. With computed tomography all this changed. Modern scanners, available to all today, permit us to appreciate details undreamed of only few years ago. The abundance of fat in this region helps to clearly show even the smallest of structures. We now have the ability to recognize small vessels, lymph nodes and fascial planes. We had a tool which permitted us to study structures which hitherto were only seen by the anatomist or during surgical dissection.

X-Ray Differential Diagnosis in Small Bowel Disease
X-Ray Differential Diagnosis in Small Bowel Disease

Author: J.L. Sellink

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 9400913052

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Publication of this book has been stimulated by 15 performed and duodenal abnormalities thus not years experience with contrast fluid irrigation visualised, occurred frequently. techniques of the small intestine and in particular All too frequently failure to maintain the proper by examinations performed and evaluated by col infusion rate, by many erroneously totally under legues. evaluated, had the result that disturbances in The classification of the X-ray pathology has motility were missed. been arranged to give a more effective application Additional and often too early administration in practice than is usually found in current of water, a measure that is seldom indicated and handbooks. Normally this classification is adapt tends to produce more bad results than good, is ed to that of formal anatomic pathology and quite frequently performed as a sort of panic internal medicine. In this book the classification reaction. The few indications for this procedure is based on the radiological symptomatology. ought to be known and strictly followed, super Thus, often completely unassociated conditions fluous application costs more time and causes are found listed as a possible cause for each unnecessary discomfort for the patient.