Integrating GIS and Hydrologic Modeling for Land Use Based Flood Simulation
Integrating GIS and Hydrologic Modeling for Land Use Based Flood Simulation

Author: Jing Jin

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The threat of flooding is a serious concern to local governments. During a flood event, it is critical to have accurate estimates of where the flood is. Hydrologic models can serve as valuable tools in urban planning, especially in environmental planning. The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology has been used for storing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial information. By linking GIS, computerized hydrologic model, and expert knowledge into a spatial decision support tool, this project is to assess flood hazard for different land-use scenarios for a range of rainfall events in the Mill Creek Watershed. This study investigated the effect of urbanization and agricultural development on runoff. By comparing land use in 1980 and 1992, runoff was calculated and flood areas were delineated using the runoff curve number method. The comparison study showed that both urbanization and agricultural development result in an increase in surface storm water runoff and greater flood area.

Geographical Information Systems in Hydrology
Geographical Information Systems in Hydrology

Author: V.P. Singh

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 453

ISBN-13: 9401587450

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The last few years have witnessed an enormous interest in application of GIS in hydrology and water resources. This is partly evidenced by organization of sev eral national and international symposia or conferences under the sponsorship of various professional organizations. This increased interest is, in a large measure, in response to growing public sensitivity to environmental quality and management. The GIS technology has the ability to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and visualize the diverse sets of geo-referenced data. On the other hand, hydrology is inherently spatial and distributed hydrologic models have large data requirements. The integration of hydrology and GIS is therefore quite natural. The integration involves three major components: (1) spatial data construction, (2) integration of spatial model layers, and (3) GIS and model interface. GIS can assist in design, calibration, modification and comparison of models. This integration is spreading worldwide and is expected to accelerate in the foreseeable future. Substantial op portunities exist in integration of GIS and hydrology. We believe there are enough challenges in use of GIS for conceptualizing and modeling complex hydrologic processes and for globalization of hydrology. The motivation for this book grew out of the desire to provide under one cover a range of applications of GIS tech nology in hydrology. It is hoped that the book will stimulate others to write more comprehensive texts on this subject of growing importance.

Distributed Hydrologic Modeling Using GIS
Distributed Hydrologic Modeling Using GIS

Author: Baxter E. Vieux

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-14

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 9401597103

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

During ten years serving with the USDA Soil Conservation Service (SCS), now known as the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), I became amazed at how millions of dollars in contract monies were spent based on simplistic hydrologic models. As project engineer in western Kansas, I was responsible for building flood control dams (authorized under Public Law 566) in the Wet Walnut River watershed. This watershed is within the Arkansas-Red River basin, as is the Illinois River basin referred to extensively in this book. After building nearly 18 of these structures, I became Assistant State Engineer in Michigan and, for a short time, State Engineer for NRCS. Again, we based our entire design and construction program on simplified relationships variously referred to as the SCS method. I recall announcing that I was going to pursue a doctoral degree and develop a new hydrologic model. One of my agency's chief engineers remarked, "Oh no, not another model!" Since then, I hope that I have not built just another model but have significantly advanced the state of hydrologic modeling for both researchers and practitioners. Using distributed hydrologic techniques described in this book, I also hope one day to forecast the response of the dams I built.

Spatial Modeling in GIS and R for Earth and Environmental Sciences
Spatial Modeling in GIS and R for Earth and Environmental Sciences

Author: Hamid Reza Pourghasemi

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2019-01-18

Total Pages: 798

ISBN-13: 0128156953

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

Spatial Modeling in GIS and R for Earth and Environmental Sciences offers an integrated approach to spatial modelling using both GIS and R. Given the importance of Geographical Information Systems and geostatistics across a variety of applications in Earth and Environmental Science, a clear link between GIS and open source software is essential for the study of spatial objects or phenomena that occur in the real world and facilitate problem-solving. Organized into clear sections on applications and using case studies, the book helps researchers to more quickly understand GIS data and formulate more complex conclusions. The book is the first reference to provide methods and applications for combining the use of R and GIS in modeling spatial processes. It is an essential tool for students and researchers in earth and environmental science, especially those looking to better utilize GIS and spatial modeling. Offers a clear, interdisciplinary guide to serve researchers in a variety of fields, including hazards, land surveying, remote sensing, cartography, geophysics, geology, natural resources, environment and geography Provides an overview, methods and case studies for each application Expresses concepts and methods at an appropriate level for both students and new users to learn by example

Towards Immersive Virtual Environments for GIS Based Hydrologic Modeling
Towards Immersive Virtual Environments for GIS Based Hydrologic Modeling

Author: Hardeep Bajwa

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The tools of Geographic Information Systems have become increasingly valuable in hydrologic assessments and play an integral role in decision-making processes for flood prediction and mitigation. On the other hand, a quite distinct activity has been the development of GIS-based simulation modeling and visualization systems including realistic landscape visual simulations. Typically GIS, hydrologic simulation models, and virtual reality technology have been utilized as stand alone problem-solving domains. The increasing availability of high performance computation and visualization tools, offers new opportunities to combine sophisticated GIS modeling tools and emerging immersive visualization and decision support environments. This research describes the development of an interactive environment that utilizes the tools of virtual reality and GIS to enhance spatial hydrologic modeling. More specifically this research involves development and application of an interactive virtual modeling environment for spatially explicit hydrologic modeling in support of flood mitigation and flood management decision-making for the Squaw Creek watershed in central Iowa. The environment contains tools to manipulate and display geospatial data, spatial explicit output flow predicted by the Hydrological Engineering Center's Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and an immersive virtual environment that uses the Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) to increase perception and realism. A component of the study was to develop tools to perform spatial hydrologic modeling in a microcomputer-based three-dimensional virtual environment using a head mounted haptic display. The unique combination of spatially explicit hydrologic models with geospatial and virtual reality visualization tools improves hydrologic analysis of "what-if" land-use and land management options and their hydrological impacts provides an opportunity for rapid assessment of hydrological conditions for improved collaborative environmental decision-making, and enhance the ability of resources planners to navigate and interact with the synthetic landscape environment.

Hydrology and Hydrologic Modelling
Hydrology and Hydrologic Modelling

Author: P. V. Timbadiya

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-05-01

Total Pages: 551

ISBN-13: 9811991472

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book comprises the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2021) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of hydrology and hydrological modelling. It covers a range of topics, including, but not limited to, ground water modelling and management, integrated water resources and watershed management, surface water hydrology, drought assessment and mitigation, risk, reliability and design of hydrologic system, etc. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of hydrology and hydrological modelling, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.

GIS and Environmental Modeling
GIS and Environmental Modeling

Author: Michael F. Goodchild

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 1996-09-30

Total Pages: 536

ISBN-13: 9780470236772

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues Michael F. Goodchild, Louis T. Steyaert, Bradley O. Parks, Carol Johnston, David Maidment, Michael Crane, and Sandi Glendinning, Editors With growing pressure on natural resources and landscapes there is an increasing need to predict the consequences of any changes to the environment. Modelling plays an important role in this by helping our understanding of the environment and by forecasting likely impacts. In recent years moves have been made to link models to Geographical Information Systems to provide a means of analysing changes over an area as well as over time. GIS and Environmental Modeling explores the progress made to date in integrating these two software systems. Approaches to the subject are made from theoretical, technical as well as data stand points. The existing capabilities of current systems are described along with important issues of data availability, accuracy and error. Various case studies illustrate this and highlight the common concepts and issues that exist between researchers in different environmental fields. The future needs and prospects for integrating GIS and environmental models are also explored with developments in both data handling and modelling discussed. The book brings together the knowledge and experience of over 100 researchers from academic, commercial and government backgrounds who work in a wide range of disciplines. The themes followed in the text provide a fund of knowledge and guidance for those involved in environmental modelling and GIS. The book is easily accessible for readers with a basic GIS knowledge and the ideas and results of the research are clearly illustrated with both colour and black and white graphics.

Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change
Response of Flood Events to Land Use and Climate Change

Author: Azadeh Ramesh

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-11-06

Total Pages: 261

ISBN-13: 9400755279

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book is an original and novel contribution to flood hazard assessment, climate change and land use change and is intended to serve both as an effective source of information and a valuable basis for priority setting and further technical, financial and political decisions regarding flood hazard assessment. The study area is located on the floodplain of the Ubaye River in the Barcelonnette area, part of the Alpes de Haute Provence in southeast France. The book offers a comparative overview of the major challenges faced when dealing with flood hazards. The research presented is intended to promote a deeper understanding of how climate change and land use change processes have evolved from past to present, and how they affect the flow regime of the Ubaye River based on sound and reproducible scientific arguments. The methodology implemented ranges from remote sensing interpretation to hydrodynamic modeling and includes the application of spatial and statistical modeling. The results of this research provide essential information for policymaking, decision-making support and flood hazard planning in the Barcelonnette area.