Factors Affecting the Rooting of Fraser Fir (Abies Fraseri) and Virginia Pine (Pinus Virginiana) Stem Cuttings
Factors Affecting the Rooting of Fraser Fir (Abies Fraseri) and Virginia Pine (Pinus Virginiana) Stem Cuttings

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2003

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The current research sought to determine the best methodologies to clone, through rooted cuttings, desirable genotypes of both Fraser fir and Virginia pine. Genetic improvement and subsequent production of genetically superior clones would provide Christmas tree growers with higher quality stock material capable of greatly increasing their profitability. Once desirable genotypes have been selected, propagation through the rooting of stem cuttings may provide an important means of not only preserving and maintaining, but also commercially propagating these genotypes. The objectives of the first studies were to determine the optimal season, auxin type [IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) or NAA (1-naphthaleneacetic acid)] and auxin concentrations for promoting root initiation and subsequent root development in both species. Seven auxin concentrations (1-64 mM) of each auxin type, four combinations of both auxin types and a nonauxin control were applied to hardwood, semi-hardwood and softwood cuttings collected from three- or four-year-old Fraser firs and Virginia pines. In three- and four-year-old Fraser firs, the effects of season and concentration were significant for numerous rooting traits, including rooting percentage, percent mortality, primary root production and total root lengths. The type of auxin, IBA or NAA, significantly affected the number of primary roots and total root length, but it did not significantly affect rooting percentage and percent mortality. The highest rooting frequencies and lowest rates of mortality occurred when cuttings were set in June or November and treated with 4 or 16 mM auxin, respectively. Regardless of auxin type, number of primary roots and total root length varied in similar patterns across concentration; however, NAA tended to produce greater responses. Combinations of IBA and NAA did not increase rooting traits above what was achieved with a single auxin type. In the Virginia pine study, using three- and four-year-old stock plants.

Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits
Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits

Author: S.Mohan Jain

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-09-18

Total Pages: 548

ISBN-13: 1402063520

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Micropropagation has become a reliable and routine approach for large-scale rapid plant multiplication, which is based on plant cell, tissue and organ culture on well defined tissue culture media under aseptic conditions. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for large-scale plant multiplication of several number of plant species. However, many forest and fruit tree species still remain recalcitrant to in vitro culture and require highly specific culture conditions for plant growth and development. The recent challenges on plant cell cycle regulation and the presented potential molecular mechanisms of recalcitrance are providing excellent background for understanding on totipotency and what is more development of micropropagation protocols. For large-scale in vitro plant production the important attributes are the quality, cost effectiveness, maintenance of genetic fidelity, and long-term storage. The need for appropriate in vitro plant regeneration methods for woody plants, including both forest and fruit trees, is still overwhelming in order to overcome problems facing micropropagation such as somaclonal variation, recalcitrant rooting, hyperhydricity, polyphenols, loss of material during hardening and quality of plant material. Moreover, micropropagation may be utilized, in basic research, in production of virus-free planting material, cryopreservation of endangered and elite woody species, applications in tree breeding and reforestation.

In Vitro Culture of Trees
In Vitro Culture of Trees

Author: J.M. Bonga

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 249

ISBN-13: 9401580588

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Woody plants provide many challenges to the tissue culturist. Although there are many excellent tissue culture books and manuals available, these are generally strongly biased towards herbacious crops. Consequently, they often do not pay sufficient attention to the problems that specifically apply to in vitro culture of tree species. Culture of the latter often poses problems which are either absent or of lesser significance when culturing herbacious species. When trees in the field are used as explant source, the problems can be especially severe. For example, the physiological condition of the explants is difficult to control because of variation in weather and biotic factors. Furthermore, it is often difficult to obtain explants free of contaminants from field grown trees. Lack of genetic uniformity and maturation are additional problems one often has to deal with when culturing tree cells or tissues. These problems are emphasized in this text. In vitro culture of trees is not viewed in isolation. It is considered in conjunction with breeding, traditional cloning and other common tree improvement techniques. The text discusses theoretical as well as practical aspects of the in vitro culture of trees.