This is the first comprehensive study of the early modern logic of ideas, whose main representative were Descartes and Locke. It is also a profound contribution to our understanding between Aristotelianism and the new philosophy, between rationalism and empiricism, and between French, English and Dutch philosophers.
Reading Newton in Early Modern Europe investigates how Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia was read, interpreted and remodelled for a variety of readerships in eighteenth-century Europe. The editors, Mordechai Feingold and Elizabethanne Boran, have brought together papers which explore how, when, where and why the Principia was appropriated by readers in Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, England and Ireland. Particular focus is laid on the methods of transmission of Newtonian ideas via university textbooks and popular works written for educated laymen and women. At the same time, challenges to the Newtonian consensus are explored by writers such as Marius Stan and Catherine Abou-Nemeh who examine Cartesian and Leibnizian responses to the Principia. Eighteenth-century attempts to remodel Newton as a heretic are explored by Feingold, while William R. Newman draws attention to vital new sources highlighting the importance of alchemy to Newton. Contributors are: Catherine Abou-Nemeh, Claudia Addabbo, Elizabethanne Boran, Steffen Ducheyne, Moredechai Feingold, Sarah Hutton, Juan Navarro-Loidi, William R. Newman, Luc Peterschmitt, Anna Marie Roos, Marius Stan, and Gerhard Wiesenfeldt.
This volume presents twelve original essays, by an international team of scholars, on the relation of John Locke's thought to Descartes and to Cartesian philosophers such as Malebranche, Clauberg, and the Port-Royal authors. The essays, preceded by a substantial introduction, cover a large variety of topics from natural philosophy to religion, philosophy of mind and body, metaphysics and epistemology. The volume shows that in Locke's complex relationship to Descartes and Cartesianism, stark opposition and subtle 'family resemblances' are tightly intertwined. Since the turn of the twentieth century, the theory of knowledge has been the main comparative focus. According to an influential historiographical conception, Descartes and Locke form together the spearhead in the 'epistemological turn' of early modern philosophy. In bringing together the contributions to this volume, the editors advocate for a shift of emphasis. A full comparison of Locke's and Descartes's positions should cover not only their theories of knowledge, but also their views on natural philosophy, metaphysics, and religion. Their conflicting claims on issues such as cosmic organization, the qualities and nature of bodies, the substance of the soul, and God's government of the world, are of interest not only in their own right, to take the full measure of Locke's complex relation to Descartes, but also as they allow a better understanding of the continuing epistemological debate between the philosophical heirs of these thinkers.
Legal research examines subject matter enshrouded in social circumstances in order to conceptualize theories and prepare a future course of action. This dynamic, inter-disciplinary, and labyrinthine character of legal research requires researchers to be fluid, eclectic, and analytical in their approach. Idea and Methods of Legal Research unearths how the thinking process is to be streamlined in research, how a theme is built on the basis of comprehensive and intensive study, and the paths through which notions of objectivity, feminism, ethics, and purposive character of knowledge are to be understood. The book first explains the meaning, evolution, and scope of legal research, and discusses objectivity and ethics in legal research. It engages with the requirements, advantages, and limits of various doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods and tools, and the points to be considered in selecting a suitable method or combination of methods. It highlights analytical, historical, philosophical, comparative, qualitative, and quantitative methods of legal research. The book then goes on to discuss the use of multi-method legal research, policy research, action research, and feminist legal research and finally, reflects on research-based critical legal writing, as opposed to client-related legal writing. This book, thus, is a comprehensive answer to key questions one faces in legal research.
Immanuel Kant's enduring influence on philosophy is indisputable. In particular, Kant transformed debates on the fundamental questions in logic, and it is the significance and complexity of this accomplishment that Huaping Lu-Adler here explores. Kant's theory of logic represents a turning point in a history of philosophical debates over the following questions: Is logic a science, instrument, standard of assessment, or mixture of these? Kant's official answer to these questions centers on three distinctions: general versus particular logic; pure versus applied logic; pure general logic versus transcendental logic. The true meaning and significance of each distinction becomes clear, Lu-Adler argues, only if we consider two factors. First, Kant was mindful of various historical views on how logic relates to other branches of philosophy and to the workings of common human understanding. Second, he invented "transcendental logic" while struggling to secure metaphysics as a proper "science," and this conceptual innovation in turn held profound implications for his mature theory of logic. Against this backdrop, Lu-Adler reassesses the place of Kant's theory in the history of philosophy of logic and highlights certain issues that are debated today, including normativity of logic and the challenges posed by logical pluralism. Kant and the Science of Logic is both a history of philosophy of logic told from the Kantian viewpoint and a reconstruction of Kant's theory of logic from a historical perspective. It is a vital contribution to the study of Kantian logic.
The Essential Works of William Walker Atkinson: 50+ Books in One Edition is a comprehensive collection that delves into various esoteric and metaphysical topics, such as the power of thought, the law of attraction, and the nature of the universe. Atkinson's writing style is clear, concise, and insightful, making complex ideas accessible to readers of all levels. The book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the depths of the mind and unlocking the potential for personal growth and transformation. The collection showcases Atkinson's expertise in the field of New Thought philosophy and his profound understanding of the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit. William Walker Atkinson, a prolific writer and influential figure in the New Thought movement, was known for his groundbreaking work in the realms of mentalism, spirituality, and self-help. His books continue to inspire readers with their timeless wisdom and practical guidance for achieving success and happiness. Atkinson's deep understanding of the power of the mind and his ability to articulate complex spiritual concepts in a straightforward manner set him apart as a visionary thinker and teacher. I highly recommend The Essential Works of William Walker Atkinson to anyone seeking profound insights into the nature of reality and the unlimited potential of the human mind. This comprehensive collection provides a wealth of knowledge and practical techniques for personal development and spiritual growth, making it an essential addition to the library of anyone interested in the power of thought and the universal laws governing the universe.
This unique and meticulously edited collection of William Walker Atkinson's greatest works includes: The Art of Logical Thinking_x000D_ The Crucible of Modern Thought_x000D_ Dynamic Thought_x000D_ How to Read Human Nature_x000D_ The Inner Consciousness_x000D_ The Law of the New Thought_x000D_ The Mastery of Being_x000D_ Memory Culture_x000D_ Memory: How to Develop, Train and Use It_x000D_ The Art of Expression and The Principles of Discourse_x000D_ Mental Fascination_x000D_ Mind and Body; or Mental States and Physical Conditions_x000D_ Mind Power: The Secret of Mental Magic_x000D_ The New Psychology Its Message, Principles and Practice_x000D_ New Thought_x000D_ Nuggets of the New Thought_x000D_ Practical Mental Influence_x000D_ Practical Mind-Reading_x000D_ Practical Psychomancy and Crystal Gazing_x000D_ The Psychology of Salesmanship_x000D_ Reincarnation and the Law of Karma_x000D_ The Secret of Mental Magic_x000D_ The Secret of Success_x000D_ Self-Healing by Thought Force_x000D_ The Subconscious and the Superconscious Planes of Mind_x000D_ Suggestion and Auto-Suggestion_x000D_ Telepathy: Its Theory, Facts, and Proof_x000D_ Thought-Culture - Practical Mental Training_x000D_ Thought-Force in Business and Everyday Life_x000D_ Thought Vibration or the Law of Attraction in the Thought World_x000D_ Your Mind and How to Use It_x000D_ The Hindu-Yogi Science Of Breath _x000D_ Lessons in Yogi Philosophy and Oriental Occultism_x000D_ Advanced Course in Yogi Philosophy and Oriental Occultism_x000D_ Hatha Yoga _x000D_ The Science of Psychic Healing_x000D_ Raja Yoga or Mental Development _x000D_ Gnani Yoga _x000D_ The Inner Teachings of the Philosophies and Religions of India_x000D_ Mystic Christianity_x000D_ The Life Beyond Death_x000D_ The Practical Water Cure_x000D_ The Spirit of the Upanishads or the Aphorisms of the Wise_x000D_ Bhagavad Gita_x000D_ The Art and Science of Personal Magnetism_x000D_ Master Mind_x000D_ Mental Therapeutics_x000D_ The Power of Concentration_x000D_ Genuine Mediumship_x000D_ Clairvoyance and Occult Powers _x000D_ The Human Aura_x000D_ The Secret Doctrines of the Rosicrucians_x000D_ Personal Power_x000D_ The Arcane Teachings_x000D_ The Arcane Formulas, or Mental Alchemy_x000D_ Vril, or Vital Magnetism_x000D_ The Solar Plexus Or Abdominal Brain_x000D_ The inner secret