Super PACs
Super PACs

Author: Louise I. Gerdes

Publisher: Greenhaven Publishing LLC

Published: 2014-05-20

Total Pages: 113

ISBN-13: 0737768649

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The passage of Citizens United by the Supreme Court in 2010 sparked a renewed debate about campaign spending by large political action committees, or Super PACs. Its ruling said that it is okay for corporations and labor unions to spend as much as they want in advertising and other methods to convince people to vote for or against a candidate. This book provides a wide range of opinions on the issue. Includes primary and secondary sources from a variety of perspectives; eyewitnesses, scientific journals, government officials, and many others.

The Pig Book
The Pig Book

Author: Citizens Against Government Waste

Publisher: St. Martin's Griffin

Published: 2013-09-17

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 146685314X

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The federal government wastes your tax dollars worse than a drunken sailor on shore leave. The 1984 Grace Commission uncovered that the Department of Defense spent $640 for a toilet seat and $436 for a hammer. Twenty years later things weren't much better. In 2004, Congress spent a record-breaking $22.9 billion dollars of your money on 10,656 of their pork-barrel projects. The war on terror has a lot to do with the record $413 billion in deficit spending, but it's also the result of pork over the last 18 years the likes of: - $50 million for an indoor rain forest in Iowa - $102 million to study screwworms which were long ago eradicated from American soil - $273,000 to combat goth culture in Missouri - $2.2 million to renovate the North Pole (Lucky for Santa!) - $50,000 for a tattoo removal program in California - $1 million for ornamental fish research Funny in some instances and jaw-droppingly stupid and wasteful in others, The Pig Book proves one thing about Capitol Hill: pork is king!

Everyone Pays Taxes 6-Pack
Everyone Pays Taxes 6-Pack

Author:

Publisher: Teacher Created Materials

Published: 2021-07-01

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 1087606780

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What are taxes? Who pays them, and what do they pay for? Third grade students will find the answers to these essential questions and more in this engaging 6-pack of nonfiction readers. Everyone Pays Taxes 6-Pack • Explains how taxes work, the different types of taxes, and why taxes exist • Provides a short fiction piece related to the topic that will keep students interested • Connects key themes like civic duty and democracy to students’ daily lives • Includes a glossary, thought-provoking discussion questions, and a “Civics in Action” activity designed to help students expand their understanding of taxes • Offers a meaningful lesson plan that will help with implementation of activities It’s important for students to understand why a book or candy bar they buy costs more than the listed price. This teacher-approved 6-pack describes the purpose and history of taxes in an easy-to-understand manner. With a relatable fiction story, index, meaningful images, and other features, this 6-pack of readers gives third grade students a close-up look at how taxes function in society and how they change based on the needs of the people. This 6-pack includes six copies of this title and a content-area focused lesson plan.

The Preamble: The Spirit of America 6-Pack
The Preamble: The Spirit of America 6-Pack

Author:

Publisher: Teacher Created Materials

Published: 2021-07-01

Total Pages: 37

ISBN-13: 1087606799

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Students may have heard the phrase “We the people,” but do they truly know the history behind these powerful words? This 6-pack of nonfiction readers examines the Preamble to the Constitution in a fun and meaningful way. The Preamble: The Spirit of America 6-Pack • Analyzes the Preamble line by line in an easy-to-understand manner • Provides a short fiction piece related to the topic to keep students invested • Connects essential topics like the U.S. Constitution and federal government to students’ daily lives • Includes a glossary, interactive discussion questions, and a “Civics in Action” activity designed to get students excited about the Preamble’s powerful words • Offers a focused lesson plan that will facilitate implementation of activities In 1787, America’s leaders met to outline how the young nation would run. Thus begins the story of the Constitution and Preamble’s creation, explained in this teacher-approved 6-pack in an exciting and informative way. With an illustrated fiction story, index, beautiful images, and other useful features, this 6-pack of books will teach third grade students the meaning behind the words to the Preamble. This 6-pack includes six copies of this title and a content-area focused lesson plan.

How Big (Small?) are Fiscal Multipliers?
How Big (Small?) are Fiscal Multipliers?

Author: Ethan Ilzetzki

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2011-03-01

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 1455218022

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We contribute to the intense debate on the real effects of fiscal stimuli by showing that the impact of government expenditure shocks depends crucially on key country characteristics, such as the level of development, exchange rate regime, openness to trade, and public indebtedness. Based on a novel quarterly dataset of government expenditure in 44 countries, we find that (i) the output effect of an increase in government consumption is larger in industrial than in developing countries, (ii) the fisscal multiplier is relatively large in economies operating under predetermined exchange rate but zero in economies operating under flexible exchange rates; (iii) fiscal multipliers in open economies are lower than in closed economies and (iv) fiscal multipliers in high-debt countries are also zero.

Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence
Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence

Author: Mr.Daniel Leigh

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2011-07-01

Total Pages: 41

ISBN-13: 1455294691

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This paper investigates the short-term effects of fiscal consolidation on economic activity in OECD economies. We examine the historical record, including Budget Speeches and IMFdocuments, to identify changes in fiscal policy motivated by a desire to reduce the budget deficit and not by responding to prospective economic conditions. Using this new dataset, our estimates suggest fiscal consolidation has contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP. By contrast, estimates based on conventional measures of the fiscal policy stance used in the literature support the expansionary fiscal contractions hypothesis but appear to be biased toward overstating expansionary effects.