When Scotland Was Jewish

When Scotland Was Jewish

Author: Elizabeth Caldwell Hirschman

Publisher: McFarland

Published: 2015-05-07

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 0786455225

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The popular image of Scotland is dominated by widely recognized elements of Celtic culture. But a significant non-Celtic influence on Scotland's history has been largely ignored for centuries? This book argues that much of Scotland's history and culture from 1100 forward is Jewish. The authors provide evidence that many of the national heroes, villains, rulers, nobles, traders, merchants, bishops, guild members, burgesses, and ministers of Scotland were of Jewish descent, their ancestors originating in France and Spain. Much of the traditional historical account of Scotland, it is proposed, rests on fundamental interpretive errors, perpetuated in order to affirm Scotland's identity as a Celtic, Christian society. A more accurate and profound understanding of Scottish history has thus been buried. The authors' wide-ranging research includes examination of census records, archaeological artifacts, castle carvings, cemetery inscriptions, religious seals, coinage, burgess and guild member rolls, noble genealogies, family crests, portraiture, and geographic place names.


Historical Encyclopedia of Natural and Mathematical Sciences

Historical Encyclopedia of Natural and Mathematical Sciences

Author: Ari Ben-Menahem

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-03-06

Total Pages: 6070

ISBN-13: 3540688315

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This 5,800-page encyclopedia surveys 100 generations of great thinkers, offering more than 2,000 detailed biographies of scientists, engineers, explorers and inventors who left their mark on the history of science and technology. This six-volume masterwork also includes 380 articles summarizing the time-line of ideas in the leading fields of science, technology, mathematics and philosophy.


Anti-Semitism

Anti-Semitism

Author: F. Schweitzer

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2005-11-03

Total Pages: 326

ISBN-13: 140397912X

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In this provocative book, Marvin Perry and Frederick M. Schweitzer analyze the lies, misperceptions, and myths about Jews and Judaism that anti-semites have propagated throughout the centuries. Beginning with antiquity, and continuing into the present day, the authors explore the irrational fabrications that have led to numerous acts of violence and hatred against Jews. The book examines ancient and medieval myths central to the history of anti-semitism: Jews as 'Christ-killers', instruments of Satan, and ritual murderers of Christian children. It also explores the scapegoating of Jews in the modern world as conspirators bent on world domination; extortionists who manufactured the Holocaust as a hoax designed to gain reparation payments from Germany; and the leaders of the slave trade that put Africa in chains. No other book has focused its attention exclusively on a thematic discussion of historic and contemporary anti-semitic myths, covering such an expansive scope of time, and allowing for such a painstaking level of exemplification. Anti-semitism is an essential book that will serve as a corrective to bigotry, stereotype, and historical distortion.


Sephardim in the Americas

Sephardim in the Americas

Author: Martin A. Cohen

Publisher: University of Alabama Press

Published: 2003-08-08

Total Pages: 511

ISBN-13: 0817311769

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Multidisciplinary essays examinig the historical and cultural history of the Sephardic experience in the Americas, from pre-expulsion Spain to the modern era, as recounted by some of the most outstanding interpreters of the field.


Zohar, the Book of Enlightenment

Zohar, the Book of Enlightenment

Author: Daniel Chanan Matt

Publisher: Paulist Press

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 9780809123872

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This is the first translation with commentary of selections from The Zohar, the major text of the Kabbalah, the Jewish mystical tradition. This work was written in 13th-century Spain by Moses de Leon, a Spanish scholar.


The Art of Conversion

The Art of Conversion

Author: Harvey J. Hames

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 9789004117150

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This book discusses Ramon Llull (ca. 1232-1316), the Christian missionary, philosopher and mystic, his relations with Jewish contemporaries, and how he integrated Jewish mystical teachings (Kabbalah) into his thought system so as to persuade the Jews to convert. Issues dealt with include Llull's attitude towards the Jews, his knowledge of Kabbalah, his theories regarding the Trinity and Incarnation (the Art), and the impact of his ideas on the Jewish community. The book challenges conventional scholarly opinion regarding Christian knowledge of contemporary Jewish thought and questions the assumption that Christians did not know or use Kabbalah before the Renaissance. Further, it suggests that Lull was well aware of ongoing intellectual and religious controversies within the Jewish community, as well as being the first Christian to acknowledge and appreciate Kabbalah as a tool for conversion.


Antisemitic Myths

Antisemitic Myths

Author: Marvin Perry

Publisher:

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13:

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This anthology presents 90 documents that focus on the nature, evolution and meaning of the principle myths that have made anti-Semitism such a lethal force in history: Jews as deicides, ritual murderers, agents of Satan, international conspirators, and conniving, unscrupulous Shylocks.


Freemasonry: Spiritual Alchemy

Freemasonry: Spiritual Alchemy

Author: Christopher Earnshaw

Publisher:

Published: 2019-08-09

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9781086885415

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In 1716 four Lodges of Operative Masons met at the Apple Tree Tavern in London and decided to create a "Grand Lodge" to reorganize Freemasonry, which was slowly dying out. After the establishment of the Premier Grand Lodge the next year, 1717, one of the Lodges, the Rummer and Grapes, took a decidedly new direction that resulted in the creation of what would later become known as Speculative Freemasonry, the basis of modern Freemasonry. However, as there is very little documentation from this period, many questions are left unanswered: *Why three educated and busy men decided to rewrite the ritual of a stonemasons' guild, when they were neither stonemasons nor manual workers. *Why the first three Grand Masters gave eight years of their lives to this cause. Not only that, but why they thought it necessary to add a third degree to the ritual. *Why the literati and aristocracy of Europe were motivated to join these three men, an antiquarian, a Huguenot priest and a possible alchemist, in a room above a tavern to study the new degrees. *Why there is a "key to the rituals" that Desaguliers referred to in the Constitutions of 1723. *Why the first three Grand Masters were interested in "making good men better," when they were also not philanthropists. *Why the first three Grand Masters used steganography to hide secrets in the rituals, making them a puzzle for Freemasons to discover. *Lastly, and probably most importantly, why the English nobility (and later royalty) believed so strongly in what these three men had conceived that they lent their names to the enterprise by becoming its figurehead, Grand Masters. This book answers these questions, and more!